1、初三英语复习语法知识：倒装句的构成本文由 dingdingli1985贡献doc文档可能在 WAP端浏览体验不佳。建议您优先选择 TXT，或下载源文件到本机查看。英语语法知识：倒装句的构成英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。 如果 “谓语或谓语的一部分主语” ，这样的句子就叫倒装句。 倒装原因，一是语法结构上的需要（如疑问句） ，一是为了强调。倒装 结构分为完全倒装和部分倒装。 一、完全倒装：将谓语动词完全移到主语前面 1用于 there be（lie，stand，live，seem，appear，exist， come）中。 There is a book and two no
2、tebooks on the desk桌子上有一 本书和两个笔记本。 There stands a post office at the corner of the street街 的拐角处有一个邮局。 2here，now，then，out，in，up，down，off，back，away 用 句首 Here is a letter for you 有你一封信。 Then came the day of his examination 接着他考试的那天到来了。 Down jumped the boy from the wall 孩子从墙上跳了下来。 但当主语是人称代词时，主谓不能倒装。例如：
3、Here she comes她来了。3用于直接引语后面，点明说话人 “If you die，who will get your money？”asked Holmes “如 果你死了，谁会得到你的钱？”福尔摩斯问。 如果主语是代词，或谓语含有助动词、情态动词时，则不能倒装。 例如： “I dont know her ”He will say “我不认识她。 ”他会说。 4为了保持句子平衡、衔接或为了强调表语或状语，可把介词短 语、形容词、副词或分词提到主语前，用完全倒装语序 Among them was an engineer who had been working on that obje
4、ct for many years他们当中有一位多年研究那个课题的工程师。 He came into a big room，in the middle of which stood a large table他来到一个大房间，房间中央有一张大桌子。 South of the city lies a middle school城市南边有一所中 学。 Hanging on the wall was a beautiful picture一幅漂亮的画 挂在墙上。 二、部分倒装：只把助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语之前，为 部分倒装 1用于疑问句中 Is he reading or playing？他
5、在读书还是在写字？ 2否定词 little，not only，not until，never，seldom，barely （几乎不）never before， sooner ， no than neither ， nor ，nowhere，not a bit，in no time 用句首 Little did he care about his own safety，though he was in great danger himself 虽然他自己处在危险中，但他几乎不关心自己的安全。 Not only was the city polluted but the streets were
6、crowded 这城市不仅被污染了，而且街道也很拥挤。 Neither does he drink nor does he smoke 他既不喝酒也不抽烟。 3在 so such that 句型中，把 so such 修饰的一部分用 句首 ，主句部分倒装 So shallow is the lake that no fish can live in it 这湖这么浅，没有鱼能在里面生存。 Such an interesting film is it that we are all moved 这是一部如此有趣的电影，以致我们大家都很感动。 4only 副词、介词短语、状语从句用句首 Only
7、then did I take pity on him只有到那时我才同情他。 Only with hard work can you expect to get a pay rise只 有努力工作你才能期望加薪。 5so形容词、副词用句首 So loudly is he speaking 他讲话声音很大。 6so 用于肯定句、norneither 用于否定句，用句首 ，译为“也” 。so 译为“的确” 不倒装 “David has made great progress recently ”“So he has and so have you ” “最近大卫取得了很大进步。 ”“他的确取得了很
8、大进步，你也 是。 ” “I dont think I can walk any further ” “Neither do I Let s stop here for a rest ” “我想我不能再走了。 ”“我也是。我们就在这儿停下歇一会儿 吧。 ” 7让步状语从句中，通常将名词（不带冠词） 、形容词、副词、 动词原形提前。 虽然他聪明，但他学习不好。 Clever as he is，he doesnt study well 虽然我很想帮助你，但现在我很忙。 Much as I would like to help you，I am busy now Object as you may，
9、Ill go 纵使你反对，我也要去。 8在某些表示祝愿的句子里。 May you be happy！祝你幸福！ 9如果虚拟条件从句中有 were，had 或 should 时，可把 if 省略， 把条件句倒装，结构是：Were（Should 或 Had）主语 Were I you（If I were you） ，I wouldnt do it如果我是 你，我不会做那件事。Should she come（If she should come） ，tell her to call me up如果她来的话，告诉她给我打电话。 1Not until I began to work how much t
10、ime I had wasted Adidnt I realize Bdid I realize CI didnt realize DI realized B。not until 置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序，until 引导的时 间状语从句用正常语序。 2Only by practising a few hours every day be able to master the language Ayou can Bcan you Cyou will Dwill you D。only 置于句首修饰介词短语、副词或状语从句时，句子要用倒 装语序。 3Do you know Jim quarre
11、led with his brother？ I dont know， Anor dont I care Bnor do I care CI dont care neither DI dont care also B。nor 或 neither 置于句首时，句子要用倒装语序，表示前面否 定的内容也适合于倒装句的主语。 4Not only polluted but crowded Awas the city；were the streetsBthe city was；were the streets Cwas the city；the streets were Dthe city was；the streets were C。not only but（also） 表示“不但而且” ， 若连接两个并列分句，且 not only 置于句首时，not only 后面的分句 要用倒装语序，而 but（also）后面的分句用正常语序。 5Little about his own safety，though he was in great danger himself Adoes he care Bdid he care Che cares Dhe cared B。little，not，hardly，never 等含有否定意义的副词置于句首 时，句子要用倒装语序。1
