1、Space ResearchPros:1. The oldest and purest of the arguments for space exploration is the advancement of science and technology.2. We will go into space, not to bring back things which make us richer or more comfortable here on Earth. We will go there to live and make it our home.3. The exploration
2、to the universe is a high ideal space truly is the final frontier .4. The instinct to explore is fundamentally human; already some of our most amazing achievements have taken place in space.5. No one can deny the sense of wonder.6. The exploitation of space has directly changed our world. Satellites
3、 orbiting the Earth allow us to communicate instantaneously with people on different continents, and to broadcast to people all over the world.7. Weather satellites save lives by giving advance warning of adverse conditions, and together with other scientific instruments in orbit they have helped us
4、 understand our own world better.8. Space exploration is an investment in the future. Our world is rapidly running out of resources. Overpopulation could become a serious worldwide threat.9. Space exploration open us new world and adds to our knowledge, enabling human being to know more about the un
5、iverse as well as about the earth.10. Space exploration helps to acquire new resources to mitigate the energy crisis (shortage). There may be some new kinds of natural resource in other planets.11. Space exploration may find new living places for human being to solve the problem of overpopulation. T
6、here is possibility that one day mankind may emigrate to other planets.12. Space exploration is necessary for future. If we want to progress in the world then we should continue space exploration. Pros and Cons of TourismPros:1. It is regarded as a pillar of key local economic development.2. The boo
7、ming tourist industry has created more job openings. Many people have said good-bye to poverty through involvement in tourist businesses.3. The tourist industry has played a positive role in meeting the cultural needs of the public, carrying forward national culture and achieving the sustainable dev
8、elopment of resources.4. Tourism helps to better introduce the country to foreigners and showcase the brilliant history and culture to the outside world.5. Tourism helps to improve the investment environment so as to attract more foreign investors.6. Tourists can take pleasure in the magnificent nat
9、ural landscape, appreciate the superior workmanship of ancient artists and enjoy a variety of local delicacies (specialties). Many tourist attractions offer a wealth of historical relics, fascinating scenery and interesting local culture.7. Tourism helps to promote the catering trade, transportation
10、 service and commerce .8. Tourism is the worlds largest and faster growing industry. According to recent statistics, tourism provides 10 percent of the worlds income and employs almost one-tenth of worlds workforce. By the year 2010, these numbers will double. All considered, tourisms actual and pot
11、ential economic impact is astounding.9. Tourism encourages the preservation of identify, pride and value in our living conditions and the cultural legacy of generations in danger of extinction.10. Tourism contributes to the revival of customs and traditions.11. Tourism brings new money into an area
12、and generates jobs, income and tax revenues.Cons:1. Contact with and assimilation of other cultures will reduce the uniqueness of ones own culture and make the world less colorful than before.2. Undermine local traditions and ways of life.3. Tourism may cause serious environmental pollution.Museums
13、and GalleriesPurposes:1. Museum and related heritage institutions provide people with an enhanced awareness of our diverse heritage and our place in the world. They promote understanding and appreciation of our diverse cultures, landscapes, stories and experiences.2. Museums contribute to the enrich
14、ment of the lives of people.3. Guarantee the availability and use of the collections in research and teaching.4. Collections and exhibitions reflect the cultural and social diversity.5. Museums and galleries make an important contribution to education, scholarship, citizenship , social inclusion and
15、 tourism.6. Generally promote the publics enjoyment and understanding of painting and other fine art both by means of the collection and by such other means as they consider appropriate .How to Support and Develop the Museum and Gallery:1. The government sets up more state funded museums and art sch
16、ool.2. Increase education personnel and facilities in museums and galleries, as well as support schools with the cost of visits.3. We should actively seek to attract additional sources of funding in order to increase the total pool of money available.4. Museums should be taken to raise standards of
17、collection care or management.5. The government should refund those museum and galleries which offer free admissions to the public.6. Seek the financial support of corporations , non-profit foundations and individuals who share its goal of preserving the cultural legacy of the museums.TV and FilmsPo
18、sitive Side:1. Television is one of the most important forms of entertainment and communication.2. Television has the power to educate and to entertain.3. There is probably no greater influence on society than the television, which has saturated our lives.4. Children watch TV to receive the daily ne
19、ws.5. TV plays a big role in a childs life. It teaches them new words and shows them things they have never seen before.6. The TV was brought in to our world to give us a new sense of entertainment, world news and endless amounts of information.7. Television can also promote pro-social behavior.8. T
20、elevision can exert its strongest pro-social influence in the area of learning and cognitive development.Negative Side:1. A child who often indulges in TV doesnt know the difference between reality and fantasy .2. Children have undeveloped minds, which can not conceive the information the same way t
21、hat adults do.3. Given our national television habit, it is no surprise that we are raising the most sedentary and most overweight generation of youngsters in history.4. The health consequences of this overabundance of TV viewing include an increase in obesity among kids due to a sedentary lifestyle
22、, and the flip side, an increase in dieting disorders due to the unrealistic expectations set up by thin actors on television shows and commercials.AdvertisingFor:1. Advertising promotes and popularizes new products and give people everywhere the maximum choice of products and choice.2. Some adverti
23、sements are of high artistic value, original and well-designed with vivid pictures and witty language, artistic photography and witty slogan ; therefore they add to the beauty of our lives. They are a par indispensable to modern society.3. Advertising brings convenience to peoples lives.4. Advertisi
24、ng plays an important role in our economic life and is indispensable to the consumer society.5. It is a kind of visual enjoyment to look at some witty works of advertising which add beauty to the cityscape .Against:1. Some leaflets and handouts are scattered here and there, polluting the environment
25、. They are regarded as rubbish and a blemish on the landscape of the city. They disfigure our cities,2. Advertisements are not always truthful, and a product is often misrepresented , false and deceptive . Many advertisements are fictitious , exaggerating, misleading and flying in the face of truth.
26、3. Advertisements are an insidious form of brainwashing. Some are mislead and tend to induce people to spend more and create demand for things we do not need.4. It is very disturbing that TV programs are interrupted by advertisements, and mailboxes are stuffed with rubbish. Nuisance to TV viewers: c
27、onstant interruption spoils the viewing. We can do nothing but accept it passively. Will Computers Replace Human Teachers?1. Computers are cold impersonal devices and they relate to children as though they are machineswithout love, care, or feeling.2. Children who use computers will learn to communi
28、cate with machines instead of people. There is a risk we will create a generation of social illiterates. There is some truth to the stereotypical “computer nerd”.3. Teacher-directed learning is underpinned by personal awareness and a focus on students. IT-directed focus is impersonal.4. Within a cla
29、ss of 25 children, there may be 25 variables. These variables are understood by teachers but not by computer-generated and controlled programs.5. Classroom teachers become aware of student learning difficulties and foibles .6. Computers present programs that can not be accommodated. Personalized shi
30、fts do not happen.7. Computer-generated learning places all students in the group onto the same program, at the same point, progressing them as a collective. Individual differences are not recognized.8. Having a teacher in the classroom poses many opportunities for the students to learn lifes basics
31、.9. Having physical teachers in the classrooms is advantageous because they can teach personal interaction, reading, and teamwork. And computer cannot teach these things.10. There can be confusion between reality and fantasy, between fact and myth Problems Probably Confronting a freshmanPossible Pro
32、blems:1. Psychological problems such as loneliness , homesickness and inadaptability.2. Language problems such as inability to understand the local dialect.3. Local foods disagreeable to ones taste.4. Can not adapt to the climate very well.Suggested Solutions:1. A college orientation session should
33、be held to familiarize the freshmen with the exciting school life.2. Some special advisory and consultative committees should be established to meet the psychological needs of the new students.3. Seniors students should be called on to offer help to their new younger schoolfellows.4. Different kinds
34、 of foods and accommodation should be available to students from different places and backgrounds.5. Some campus activities involving new and old students participation should be organized to familiarize the new with the campus life, such as a welcome party to be held by the school authorities.6. Fr
35、esh should try to be independent and self-reliant.7. Keep regular emotional contacts with ones family members and former classmates.8. Active participation in the campus life is essential to removing loneliness and disorientation.Pocket Money1. Help the children understand the value of money and how
36、 to use the money responsibly.2. The money parents give help the children learn to manage money, and they can understand how budgeting, saving and interest work. In this way, they can develop wise spending habits.3. It helps raise a money-savvy child.4. Cultivate a spirit of independence and learnin
37、g to make decision on ones own.5. Such goal-setting helps children learn to become responsible for themselves.6. Children are willing learners, and you will find by giving pocket money, you can get them very interested in whole process of building a healthy saving for the future.7. Young children es
38、pecially enjoy watching the money build up in their piggy banks, and they love to take it out and count it. This is a great opportunity to teach your child the different denominations in our currency , and what each coin and bill is worth.8. It is the beast way to introduce your child to the concept
39、 of saving.9. Money management is seldom taught in schools; it is up to the parents to educate their children in this very important life skill.10. It is a way to help educate children about personal finance and managing money.11. Parents dont have to worry about being constantly asked to buy things
40、 for the kids.12. Children can learn how and why to save money.To Play, or to Compete?1. Organized sports activities bring damage rather than benefits to children both physically and psychologically .2. Physically, as they are still at the stage of developing bodies, hard exercises and tough playing
41、 will be inappropriate for them.3. Psychologically, winning and losingthe keynote of adult life - may mean too heavy a burden for children who should have fun and enjoy the game at that age.4. The primary goal of a professional athlete winning is not appropriate for children. Their goal should be ha
42、ving fun, learning, and being with friends.5. Children will benefit more from those programs emphasizing fitness, self-esteem, cooperation, sportsmanship, and individual performance.6. Besides physical hazards and anxieties, competitive sports pose psychological dangers for children.Nature or Nurtur
43、e1. Learning is very important in determining who we are.2. You cant change your genes, but you can choose how to live your life.3. If we take identical twins, and give one the best environment possible, and put the other one in closet for eighteen years, the differences will be profound , and cause
44、d totally by environmental differences between the two children,4. Identical twins living in parallel universes do not necessarily lead identical lives.5. Environment is more influential.6. There is also substantial proof that an individuals environment affects his mental aptitude .7. It is often di
45、fficult to separate learning from our biology because we begin learning at the moment we are born.8. Biology certainly determines part of what we are, but we start learning as soon as we are conceived.9. We hardly separate biologically determined behavior from learned behavior.10. Socialization is l
46、earning. Socialization refers to all learning regardless of setting or age of the individual.11. A persons entire environment seems to be more effectual in determining his mental ability than heredity is.12. Experiments such as these ones prove that a persons environment can have a crucial effect on
47、 him and on his manner of thinking.13. A study done in Great Britain in the late 1980s shows that nutrition plays a very large role in a persons development.14. Starving people across the globe show why lack of nutrients in human bodies can stunt mental evolutions as well as physical growth.15. Uniq
48、ue environmental factors (unique to children reared together) cause differences in behavior.How to Manage StressThe Present Situation and Its Effects:1. Stress is your reaction to something you consider a challenge or a threat. Stress is a natural part of life. Modern people are stressed out or unde
49、r too much stress.2. Stress is a natural part of life.3. Stress is hard to define because it means different things to different people; however, it is clear that most stress is a negative feeling rather than a positive feeling.4. Despite the highly developed material life, modern people are leading an unprecedented stressful life.5. Some stressors are so powerful that they would evoke significant emotional distress in most mentally healthy people, and trigger mental disorders.Causes:1. You may feel physical stress which is the result of too much to do, not enough
