1、兰寿(Ranchu)金鱼疾病的预防和对策Disease Prevention and Countermeasures of Ranchu Goldfish重在预防Prevention is Key要饲养兰寿的话，所有人都会为鱼生病感到烦恼。越晚发现患病，鱼的生存率越低。早期发现、早期治疗自不必说，但在这之前最重要的是不要让鱼得病。为了明确预防的方法，在这里列出疾病预防的五大原则。Everyone who want to feed Ranchu will be bothered by sickness of the fish.The later discovery of illness, the
2、 lower rate for fish to survive. What matter most is to keep fish healthy, needless to say early detection and treatment .Here,the five principles are listed in order to clarify the method of prevention.原则 1 饲养水的维持、管理不能懈怠Principle 1 Maintaining and managing the feeding water should not been let up饲养
3、水槽是兰寿唯一的生存环境。饲养水的状态与兰寿的健康息息相关。导致鱼得病的原因，除了从外部引入的特定病原体之外，就只有饲养水的管理不足了。Feeding trough is the uniqe living environment for Ranchu. The condition of feeding water is closely related with Ranchus health.The only cause lead to fish disease is the lack of management,except of a specific pathogen from the ou
4、tside.原则 2 多加注意防止引入疾病Principle 2 Pay more attention ,or you will lead in disease不论如何努力管理水质，如果带入了疾病就前功尽弃了。从外部引入疾病的途径有放入了外来的兰寿、使鱼混养等。在这时使用的网和容器也是原因之一。放入外来的鱼时，不但要作药浴，还要分开饲养一个季度。If infect disease,no matter how efforts we have put to manage water quality, all the work weve done will be wasted.The approac
5、hs infecting diseases from outside are as follows: put a foreign Ranchu into the water, polyculture of fish and so on.even the using net and container this moment is also one of the reasons. Not only to make medicine bath, but also keeping a separate quarter when leading the foreign fish.原则 3 进行预防药浴
6、Principle 3 Preventive medicine bath不同季节，鱼容易得的疾病也不同。如果了解疾病的早期症状，不但可以实现早期治疗，还可以通过药浴进行有效预防。In different seasons, the diseases the fish suscepted are also different. If you know the early symptoms of the disease, not only early treatment can be achieved, but also can be effective in preventing drug bat
7、h.原则 4 避免喂食过多饵料Principle 4 Avoid of feeding too much bait过多的饵料不但会加重内脏的负担，也会导致水质的腐败。要让鱼吃到八分饱，注意保持水质的稳定。Too much feed would not only increase the burden of internal organs, water quality will lead to corruption. Allow fish to eat eight to keep the water quality stable.原则 5 经常留意健康情况Principle 5 Pay atte
8、ntion to health frequently知识固然十分重要，但也要会活学活用。这就要靠平时的观察了。可以通过体表、泳姿、鳃部的运动等了解鱼的健康状态并迅速采取对策，防止鱼得病。请牢记以上疾病预防的五大原则！Knowledge is certainly important, but also will live for everyday by usual observation. Through the surface, swimming stroke, gill movement, etc. to find out the health of fish, and take promp
9、t measures to prevent the fish getting sick.Keep in mind of the five principles of disease prevention above!季节的变化与疾病Season changes the other is infected with an age below with great harm. The disease is not particularly effective methods of treatment rely on the fishs own immunity.症状symptoms体表没有可见病变
10、。打开鳃盖会发现类似白点病(Ich ）的囊肿，非常容易辨别。其他的症状有：缺乏食欲，发呆，鳃的鼓动不自然、没有规律等。不论出现何种症状，都要立即将病鱼隔离，原水槽换水并仔细消毒，对病鱼进行盐水浴，寄希望于其自愈能力。Surface is no visible lesions. Open the gill cover will find similar disease like Ich of the cyst,it is very easily distinguished. Other symptoms include: lack of appetite, a daze, gill agitat
11、ion is not natural, there is no law and so on. No matter what kind of symptoms, sick fish should be immediately isolated, the original sink and carefully changing the water,and take salt-bath to the sick fish, hopes its self-healing capabilities.治疗药与治疗方法drugs and methods for treatment市面上没有有效的治疗药物出售。
12、这种病和肾肥大症一样，与泥池中的线蚯蚓有关，因此饲养水中淤积的污泥等堆积物是致病原因。天气寒冷时，二龄以上的鱼免疫力较强；5 月以后，肾脏功能较为活跃，能将病原体排出体外而自然痊愈，但除去致病因素仍很重要。需要使用福尔马林、氯、Isodine（碘伏）等对饲养容器和器具进行完全消毒。福尔马林毒性较强，对人体有刺激作用且具挥发性，使用时要特别小心。There is no effective treatment available in the market for sale. This disease like renal hypertrophy, related with earthworms
13、in the mud pool, and therefore keeping the water deposition of the sludge deposits was the culprit. In cold weather, the age of two or more fish have a stronger immune system; 5 months later, renal function is more active and can be excreted pathogens and natural healing, but still important to remo
14、ve the pathogenic factors. It is need to use formalin, chlorine, Isodine, etc. for keeping containers and utensils completely disinfected. Formalin may be toxic to human stimulus, be particularly careful when using.预防Prevention日常的饲养水管理，投饵保持八分饱，平时仔细观察，及时采取正确的应对措施。The daily feeding of water management
15、, feeding to keep eight full, carefully observed the situation of fish,and taking response measures at time. E.指环虫（Dactylogyrus） 、三代虫病E. Dactylogyrus, gyrodactylus发病的直接原因The direct cause of morbidity由单殖吸虫类的指环虫和三代虫寄生引起，是感染鳃部的致死性疾病。在由春季向夏季过渡的 57 月间，残饵、粪便、蓝藻等堆积于水底导致水质恶化，病原体大量繁殖。该病病死率较高，治疗晚了整缸鱼有可能全部死亡，早
16、期发现是关键。It is a fatal infection of the gills of disease caused by dactylogyrus and gyrodactylus. In the transition from spring to summer, 5 to 7 months, the bait, feces, algae and other accumulated at the bottomthat leading to deterioration of water quality, pathogens thrive. Disease mortality rate i
17、s high,it be kill all the fish if treated late , early detection is the key.症状symptoms发病初期，在体表、鳍根部及口的周围有渗血样红斑。这是由寄生吸血所导致的。随着寄生范围的扩大，体表失去光泽，粘液分泌量增多，鱼因食欲减退而变得虚弱。有时鱼会发狂般地剧烈游动，这也是该病的症状之一。感染波及鳃部时会使鱼呼吸困难导致死亡。虫体非常小，肉眼不可见，但只要发现红斑就能知道鱼得了病。In the early stages, the body surface, fin root and around the mouth b
18、leeding like erythema. This is caused by parasitic blood-sucking. As the expansion of host range ,surface tarnish, mucus secretion increased, the fish due to loss of appetite and become weak. Sometimes the fish will be mad camel, intense swimming, which is one of the symptoms of the disease. Infecti
19、on spread to gills wil lead to death because of breathing difficulties. Parasite is very small, the naked eye is not visible, but as long as found in erythema will be able to know that the fish got sick.治疗药与治疗方法drugs and methods for treatment有效的市售药品有 Mazoten20（有效成分为敌百虫（Trichlorfon） ） 、Rifisshu（6） （有
20、效成分为敌百虫、盐酸氯己定（chlorhexidine dihydrochloride）和氯化钠） 、Tropical-N（7）（有效成分为依沙吖啶（利凡诺） 、敌百虫和氯化钠）等含有 Metriphonate（敌百虫）的药物。春季到夏季的水温变化和饲养水的污染是该病发生的原因，一旦鱼出现症状，要立即换水并投药。使用 Mazoten20（4）时，每100升水中加入0.15毫升，Rifisshu（6）和Tropical N（7）按照规定剂量使用，采取治疗措施要迅速。Mazoten20（4）在水温超过30时会加速分解（敌百虫分解成为敌敌畏（Dichlorvos） ，毒性增强） ，使用时要注意。与0
21、.30.5的盐水一起使用效果更好。Commercially available and effective drugs are Mazoten20 (the active ingredient is trichlorfon), Rifisshu (6) (the active ingredient is trichlorfon, chlorhexidine dihydrochloride, and sodium chloride), Tropical-N (7 ) (the active ingredient is the ethacridine (rivanol), trichlorfon,
22、 and sodium chloride), etc. drugs containing Metriphonate (trichlorfon).The water temperature changes from spring to summer and pollution of feeding water are reasons for disease occurred, once the fish have symptoms, you should immediately change the water and dosage. When Using Mazoten20 (4), each
23、 100 liters of water adding by 0.15 milliliters, Rifisshu (6), and Tropical N (7) in accordance with the provisions of doses, therapeutic measures should be taken quickly. When more than 30 in temperature will accelerate the decomposition(Trichlorfon decomposed into Dichlorvos, toxicity increased) ,you use Mazoten20 (4). And with the use of 0.3 0.5 saline is better.预防Prevention投饵保持八分饱，平时仔细观察鱼的情况，及时采取应对措施。注意不要让饲养水变质。Feeding only to keep eight full, carefully observing the fish situation ,and taking response measures at time. Be careful not to keep the water deterioration.
