1、Unit 4 Artificial IntelligenceArtificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence of machines and the branch of computer science that aims to create it.John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1956, defines it as “the science and engineering of making intelligent machines.“汉斯摩拉维克（Hans Moravec）a Principal
2、Research Professor in the Robotics Institute of Carnegie Mellon UniversityHis recent work focuses on enabling robots to determine their position and to navigate by a three-dimensional awareness of their surroundings.1. rival v. rival sb/sth(for/in sth)to be in competition witheg: Cricket cannot riva
3、l football for/in excitement.None of us can rival him in strength.The sunset rivalled the sunrise in beauty.日落与日出的景色一样美。2. Ubiquity jubkwtin.the state of being everywhere at once (or seeming to be everywhere at once)eg: This ubiquity of the big bang holds no matter how big the universe is or even wh
4、ether it is finite or infinite in size.不管宇宙有多大，也不管宇宙的大小是有限还是无限，大爆炸的遍存性都不受影响。Ubiquitous adj. 普遍存在的，无处不有的Eg: Is there no escape from the ubiquitous cigarette smoke in restaurants?The apple is undoubtedly the most ubiquitous of all fruits.3. alert adj. a : watchful and prompt to meet danger or emergenc
5、y 警惕的b : quick to perceive and act警觉的，机警的eg: He was tired and had trouble staying alert while he was driving.She wasnt mentally alert enough to answer the questions.An alert watchdog guarded the door.The alert listener will have noticed the error.4. saturate streitv.a. make sth very wet; soak sth 浸透
6、或浸湿eg: We were caught in the rain and came home saturated.We lay on the beach, saturated in sunshine.b. cause sb/sth to absorb a lot of sth; fill sb/sth completely with sth 使大量充满或吸收eg: Saturate the sponge with water.Their new products are saturating the market.The air was saturated with the perfume
7、of the flowers.5. insinuate nsnju:etv.a. insinuate sth (to sb)suggest sth unpleasantly and indirectly 暗示，旁敲侧击，影射eg: Are you insinuating that I am a liar?He insinuated his doubt of her ability.I didnt insinuate anybody or anything.我并未影射如何人或任何事。b. insinuate sth/oneself into sth place sth/oneself smoot
8、hly and stealthily into sth 使悄然进入，潜入某事物中Computer viruses are sneaky programs designed to insinuate their way into your computer, copy themselves, spread to other computers and, usually, cause a few symptoms.计算机病毒是一些由人设计的能潜入你的计算机，能自我复制，能扩展到其他计算机上并通常能引起一些症状的偷偷摸摸的程序。He tried to insinuate himself into t
9、he bosss favor.他设法巧妙地渐渐取得老板的欢心。6. elusive ilu:siv adj.a. tending to escape or disappear; difficult to capture 逃避，躲避的；难以捕捉的eg: Ive been trying all day to reach him on the telephone, but hes very elusive.Interpol have searched all the corners of the earth for the elusive hijackers.b. difficult to reme
10、mber or understand 难以记忆的，难以捉摸的eg: Number is a crucial but elusive concept in English teaching and learning.What were trying to get at here is-it can be very elusive, but I imagine most of you are familiar with it.7. robotics rubtiks n.technology dealing with the design, construction, and operation o
11、f robots in automation 机器人学8. live up to: to act or be in accordance with符合，达到预期标准；不辜负的期望Eg: We will never fail to live up to what our parents expect of us.我们决不辜负我们的父母对我们的期望。I try to live up to the high standard of the school.It is easier to fight for ones principles than to live up to them.9. dazzl
12、e dzlv.a. to lose clear vision especially from looking at bright lightThe bright morning sun dazzled him.b. to shine brilliantlyThe splendid hall dazzled the young man.c. to arouse admiration by an impressive displayHe dazzled the crowd with his oratory.他的雄辩口才使听众赞叹不已。The student was dazzled by his s
13、udden success.突如其来的成功使那学生感到惊讶。10. mainstay n.a chief support 主要依靠，支柱Fish is a mainstay of their diet.My mother has always been the mainstay of our family.He is the mainstay of our theatre group.Farming is still the mainstay of this country.农业仍是这个国家的主要依靠。11. be match for sb/sbs in sth 在某些方面与某人相匹敌；成为对
14、手Hes no match for her in tennis.I am no match for her when it comes to languagebe a match for sth/sb 相匹配的人或物The hat is a match for the coat.The new curtains are a perfect match for the carpet.12. visualize viulaiz v.a : to see or form a mental image of 想象或设想She tried to visualize the scene he was de
15、scribing.Before you swing, visualize yourself hitting the ball.Try to visualize him as an old man.尽量设想他是一位老人。b : to make (an internal organ or part) visible by radiographicDiagnostic imaging is the technology in which ultrasound is used to visualize an internal organ structure or a developing fetus.
16、超声波扫描术利用超声波来显示内部器官结构或胚胎发育情况的诊断用的成像法13. simulate v.a. pretend to have or feelI tried to simulate surprise at the news.听到这个消息后，我竭力装出一副吃惊的样子。b. to make a simulation of (as a physical system)The computer simulates conditions on the sea bed.If you cant provide a physical function , you need to simulate i
17、t.c. take on the appearance of A sheet of metal was shaken to simulate the noise of thunder.These insects can simulate dead leaves .14. compelling kmpel adj.a. forcefulI have no compelling reasons to refuse.我没有驱使我拒绝的理由。She had a compelling need to share what she had heard.b. demanding attentionHer l
18、atest book makes compelling reading.She found his story so compelling that she had forgotten to drink wine.c. convincingThe lawyers compelling arguments convinced the jury of the defendants innocence.There is a compelling logic to his main theory.他的主要理论蕴含令人信服的逻辑推理。15. in that case: if that happens or has happened; if that is the state of affairs 既然那样；假若是那样的话You dont like your job? In that case why dont you leave?In that case, I will give up.
