1、人教版,Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5,佳作晨读赏析基础自主梳理考点互动探究步步跟踪验收,Unit 4,the science of the stars,你接受了一项写作任务，要为英语校报写一篇有关UFO的文章。请根据以下信息，简要介绍UFO。,UFO, which is short for Unidentified Flying Object, has long been regarded as one of the top 10 unsolved mysteries in the world. The first UFO sighting was re
2、ported to have happened in America in 1878. Since then, numerous sightings have been reported all over the world, many of which turned out to be false. Some people think UFOs are spaceships from other planets. Others believe that theyre just a kind of natural phenomenon and still others guess theyre
3、 aliens. Now about one third of the countries in the world are doing research on UFOs, about which many books and journals have been published, and in some universities courses are even set up to study UFOs.,精彩美文,1文章体裁：说明文。2行文逻辑：介绍UFO人们的看法研究状况。3词汇短语：运用了较高级的词汇和短语。如：be short for(是的简称)，be regarded as(被
4、认为是)，turn out(结果)，set up(建立，成立)等。4句式句法：运用了多样化的句式结构。如：定语从句：which is short for Unidentified Flying Object, many of which turned out to be false, about which many books and journals have been published；宾语从句：that theyre just a kind of natural phenomenon and still others guess theyre aliens等。,名师点睛,. 单词荟萃
5、1_ n系统；体系；制度2_ n气候3_ n宗教；宗教信仰4. _ _ n大气层；气氛5. _ _ adj.基本的；基础的6. _ adv.因此；于是,system,基础自主梳理,climate,religion,atmosphere,fundamental,thus,7. _ adj.温和的；文雅的8. _ vi.& vt.碰撞；坠落9. _ n& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力10. _ n物理学家11. _ n反应；回应react v反应12. _ vi.存在；生存existence n存在；生存13. _ vi.& vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮 n漂浮物14. _ adj.猛烈的；激烈的；
6、强暴的violently adv.强烈地；激烈地；凶猛地violence n暴力15. _ n学说；理论theoretical adj.理论上的,gentle,crash,pull,physicist,reaction,exist,float,violent,theory,16. _ n谜；难题 vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难puzzled adj.迷惑的puzzling adj.令人迷惑的17. _ n出席；到场；存在present adj.在场的；目前的 n目前；现在；礼物 v呈现；颁发；授予18. _ prep.不同；不像like vt.喜欢；prep.相像likely adj.
7、可能的19. _ adj.有害的harm n危害；害处 vt.损害；伤害 harmless adj.无害的20. _ n球体；地球仪；地球global adj.全球性的；全世界的,concern,puzzle,presence,unlike,harmful,globe,7. _挡住(光线)8. _感到高兴；感到振奋9. _既然10. _ 突发；爆发11. _密切注视；当心；提防12. _熟悉；掌握；理解,. 短语检测1_及时；终于2. _下蛋3. _依靠4. _产生；分娩5. _轮到某人6. _阻止；制止,in time,基础自主梳理,lay eggs,depend on,give birth
8、 to,in ones turn,preventfrom,block out,cheer up,now that,break out,watch out for,get the hang of,. 佳句再现1The earth became _it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.地球变得激烈动荡， 不知道这个形状是否会继续保持下去。2This produced a chain reaction，_ made it possible for life to develop.这引起了连锁反应，为生命的发展提供了可能。3But w
9、hen I tried to step forward, I found I was carried _ on the earth and fell over. 但当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，然后我摔倒了。,基础自主梳理,so violent that,which,twice as far as,4So _ _ life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come _ whether this problem can be solved. 所以， 在未来的数百万年中， 生命能否
10、在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。5As a result of this event, a great dust cloud formed in the sky _ the sunlight. 由于这一事件，天空中形成一大团尘埃，遮住了阳光。,whether,will depend on,blocking out,. 课文回顾The earth was just a cloud of 1._ (dusty) after the “Big Bang”. The 2._ _(explode) of the earth produced water vapour, which turned
11、into water when the earth 3._(cool) down. Water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases into the oceans and seas. That made 4._ possible for life to begin to develop. The 5._(arrive) of small plants encouraged the 6._ _(develop) of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. Many millions of years la
12、ter the first green plants began to appear on land. Later land animals appeared. Some were insects. Others, called amphibians，7._(be) able to live on land as well as in the water. Finally, some small clever animals appeared and spread all over the earth. But they treat the planet in an 8._ _(friend)
13、 way, and the earth becomes too 9._(pollute). Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on 10._ this problem can be solved.,基础自主梳理,dust,explosion,cooled,it,arrival,development,were,unfriendly,polluted,whether,1 harmfuladj.(causing or capable of causing harm)有害
14、的；伤害的(1)be harmful to对有害(2)do sb harm/do harm to sb 伤害某人There is (no) harm in (sbs) doing sth (某人)做某事有(无)害处(3)harm n& vt. 损伤；伤害harmless adj. 无害的,单词点睛,【活学活用】(1)Anger is an acid that can do more harm to the vessel in which it is stored than to anything on which it is poured. 愤怒是一种酸，它对储存它的容器的伤害大于它对任何接触
15、它的物体的伤害。(2)Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well. 许多在生产过程中产生的废品也是有害的。(3)Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noise do harm to (_ _) ocean animals.对于危害海洋动物健康的噪声的强度和种类，科学家们了解甚少。,are harmful to,(4)语法填空。It never occurred to him that his carelessness could do such
16、 great harm_himself.They may not be able to help but theres no harm in _ (ask) them.Apparently, you were cracking a _ (harm) joke, but she was terribly scared.(5)一句多译。If used improperly，the medicine _ _(harm n)If used improperly，the medicine (harmful)如果使用不当，这种药物会对你造成伤害。,to,asking,harmless,will do/ca
17、use harm to you/do you harm,will be harmful to you,2 layv放置；搁；下(蛋)；产(卵)lay eggs下蛋lay on 将放在上；把强加于某人lay aside 把放在一边；积蓄(金钱)，留出(时间)lay down 放下；中断(工作)；规定，制定lay off 解雇；停止使用,【活学活用】(1)She dressed the wounded soldier and laid him on a stretcher to be carried to the hospital.她给伤员包扎好，把他放在担架上以便送往医院。(将放在上)(2)Th
18、is dictionary lays special emphasis on usage of words.这本字典着重于讲词的用法。(强调)(3)She refused to lay the blame on any one party. 她拒绝归咎于任何一方。(归咎于) (4)The workmen are laying the foundations of the new hospital. 工人们正在为那所新医院打地基。,(5)用lay短语的适当形式填空。The conference will _ the proper measures and methods.He spent hal
19、f the prize money, and the rest was _ for a rainy day.Five hundred men were _ when the factory closed after the fire. (6)语法填空。The boy _ that the white hen _ a black egg and that he _ it in the box which was _ under this bed.Mothers routinely _ babies on their backs to sleep.,lay down,laid aside,laid
20、 off,lied,had laid,had laid,lying,lay,3 existvi.存在；生存(1)exist in 存在于之中There exists 有/存在 (2)existing adj. 现存的；现有的(3)existence n. 存在in existence 现存的；现有的come into existence 产生；存在bring into existence 使发生；使产生；使成立温馨提示 exist没有被动语态，也不能用于进行时态。,【活学活用】(1)The proper function of man is to live, but not to exist.
21、 人应该生活，而非生存。(2)The two sides have reached a partial agreement, but several differences still exist between them.双方达成了部分协议，但他们之间仍存在着一些分歧。(3)Ever since a long time ago, there have existed different opinions among scientists on how the universe first existed(_ _)长期以来，在宇宙的起源这个问题上，科学家们一直存在不同看法。,came into
22、 existence,(4)语法填空。According to some philosophers, everything in _ (exist) is reasonable.We have no money to buy advanced machines, so we should make a better use of the _ (exist) old ones._ exists a wide range of different opinions among the committee members.,existence,existing,There,4 preventv阻止；
23、制止prevent/stop/keepfrom doing sth 阻止做某事protectfrom 保护不受侵袭；挡住；防御keepdoing sth 使一直做某事,温馨提示 (1)在主动语态中，stop/preventfrom doing sth中可省去from，而keepfrom doing sth中的from不可省略； 在被动语态中，这三个搭配中的from均不可省略。(2)在protectfrom结构中，from后接能带来伤害或损害之物。,【活学活用】(1)The heavy rain didnt prevent/stop/keep us from going to the fores
24、t to watch the birds last Sunday.The heavy rain didnt prevent/stop us going to the forest to watch the birds last Sunday. (不能用keep)We were not prevented/stopped/kept from going to the forest to watch the birds by the heavy rain last Sunday. (不能省略from)大雨没能阻止我们上周日到森林里观鸟。,(2)Unless we get more funding,
25、 well be prevented from finishing our experimental programme.除非我们得到更多的经费，否则我们将无法完成实验项目。(3)Every possible means should be taken to _. 人们应该采取各种可能的措施来防止这条河流受到污染。,prevent the river from being polluted,(4)语法填空。His heart trouble did not prevent him _(go) to class the next day.His further consideration of
26、the point _ _ (prevent) by Richards coming back to us excitedly.He cut off the electricity quickly, _ _ (prevent) an accident._ _ (prevent) himself from crying, he took a step backwards into the hallway and closed the door.,going,was prevented,preventing,To prevent,5 puzzlen谜；难题vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难(1
27、)puzzle sb使某人迷惑/为难be puzzled by 被迷惑puzzle about/over sth 苦苦思索；仔细琢磨(2)be in a puzzle about sth 对某事迷惑不解(3)puzzling adj. 令人困惑的puzzled adj. 感到困惑的温馨提示 puzzled意为“迷惑的，不解的”，往往用于指人或人的表情、脸色、声音等；puzzling意为“令人迷惑的，让人不解的”，往往指物。,【活学活用】(1)There was a puzzled look on her face because a puzzling problem puzzled her.她
28、脸上有迷惑不解的神情，因为有个令人费解的问题使她困惑。(2)The police are still puzzling (_ a puzzle)about/over how the accident could have happened.警察们仍然在苦苦思索这起事故是怎么发生的。,in,(3)语法填空。Why a bird can cause an air disaster is still_puzzle to me.Hearing the general managers explanation, he had a _ _ (puzzle) expression on his face.T
29、he reporters as well as some critics remained _ (puzzle) by the election results.When the little girl was asked such a _question, she stood there with a _ look on her face. (puzzle),a,puzzled,puzzled,puzzling,puzzled,(4)一句多译。The sheep farmer _ the disappearance of some sheep on his farm. (puzzle n)T
30、he sheep farmer _ _the disappearance of some sheep on his farm. (puzzled adj.)那位牧羊的农场主一直对他农场中羊只的丢失感到疑惑不解。,was still in a puzzle about,was still puzzled about,6 pulln& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力pullup把往上拽pull down 拆毁；摧毁pull in (车辆)进站停靠；驶向路边(或某处)停靠pull over 驶向路边pull out 驶出；退出pull through 康复；痊愈,【活学活用】(1)I sat down
31、on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random.我坐在地板上，从书架上随便抽了几本书。(2)I felt a pull at my sleeve and turned round.我觉得有人扯我的袖子，便转过身来。,(3)用pull短语的适当形式填空。The policeman signalled the driver to _ his car so that he could check his licence.The foreign firm decided to _ because of strikes. Her f
32、amily wondered if she could _ _ after the operation.If you can _ your English grammar, you stand a good chance of succeeding in the exam.,pull over,pull out,pulled through,pull up,1 in time(sooner or later)迟早；(eventually)最后；(early or soon enough)及时on time准时all the time 一直，始终at one time 曾经，一度at a tim
33、e 每次，逐一from time to time 有时，偶尔in no time 立刻，马上at times 有时温馨提示 in time 后可接for sth/to do sth 的形式，意为“做某事及时/来得及”。,短语储存,【活学活用】(1)We arrived in the summer, just in time to enjoy the midnight sun.我们是夏季到的，正好赶上欣赏子夜太阳。(及时)(2)He was involved in a murder and in time they would pick him up. 他参与了一起谋杀案，迟早他们会逮捕他的。(
34、迟早)(3)It sounds as if you are getting treatment, and I hope that some mixture of drugs and cognitive behaviour therapy will help in time.听起来你好像正在接受治疗，我希望药物加上认知行为疗法最终能帮到你。(最终),(4)用time的相关短语填空。If you keep on, youll succeed _The car came to a stop just_to prevent an accident._ _， half the land on the e
35、arths surface was covered by the forest.Well have the leak fixed_,in time,in time,At one time,in no time,2 in ones turn轮到某人；接着in turn依次；轮流；转而；相应地by turns 轮流；交替地take turns to do sth 轮流做某事It is ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事。It turns/turned out that 结果是,【活学活用】(1)Mr Franklin seemed to be as helpless as h
36、is cousin when he heard the news in his turn.当富兰克林先生听到这个消息时，他也像他的表哥一样一筹莫展。(2)It was my turn to recite. How I wish I had been able to say the rules without a mistake!轮到我背诵了，我多么希望我能够一字不错地把那些规则说出来啊！(3)_ _ the person seated next to me on the train was one of my old friends.火车上坐在我旁边的那个人原来是我的一个老朋友。,It tur
37、ned out that,(4)用take turns/by turns/in turn的适当形式填空。The young parents had to_ _ to look after their sick baby.The change of the climate makes the earth warmer. _， the warmth of the earth changes the climate, too.I decided to divide this class into three groups to give them lessons _,take turns,In tu
38、rn,by turns,3 cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋(1)cheer for 为喝彩叫好；为鼓劲加油cheer sb on (比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励某人；为某人加油cheer the victory 为胜利而欢呼(2)cheerful adj. 快乐的，高兴的Cheers! (用于祝酒)干杯！,【活学活用】(1)Whenever I encounter difficulties, she will encourage me and help me cheer up.每当我遇到困难时，她总是鼓励我，帮我振作起来。(2)The trapped miners _ _ when they he
39、ard the rescue party.被困的矿工们听到救援队的声音大为鼓舞。(3)If they win the final tonight，the team are going to tour around the cityby _ _ _ _ their enthusiastic supporters.如果他们赢得今晚的决赛，这支队伍将巡游全城以接受支持者的欢呼,cheered up,to be cheered,(4)语法填空。Your_ (cheer) appearance has relieved me of all my worries.Everyone cheered_ the
40、 violinist at our school concert.The crowd cheered the runners _ as they started on the last lap of the race.,cheerful,for,on,4 break out(战争、火灾、疾病、争吵等)突然发生；爆发break away (from) 摆脱；脱离break in 闯入；打断break into 破门而入break off 分离；停止，中止break through 突破，突围break up 粉碎；解散；(关系)破裂，结束；放假break down (机器)出故障；(身体)垮掉；
41、失声痛哭；(谈判等)失败；(化学)分解温馨提示 break out, happen, take place都不及物，不用于被动结构。,【活学活用】(1)A fire broke out in the lower story during the midnight and soon the whole building was in flames.午夜时分楼下着火了，不一会儿整栋大楼都烧起来了。(2)Once they understood the joke, they broke out into laughter.他们一明白了那个笑话，就大笑起来。(break out into突然发出，迸发
42、出)(3)The prisoner managed to break out of the room where he was imprisoned.那位犯人设法从囚禁他的屋子里逃了出来。(break out of逃出),(4)用适当的介词、副词填空。We were discussing our plans, but had to break _ when the telephone rang.Last night somebody broke_Mr Whites house and took away a lot of things.She broke _ when she heard th
43、e news, but quickly recovered.Scientists think they have broken _ in their attempt to find the causes of many major diseases.The husband and wife are always quarrelling and their relations are breaking _,off,into,down,through,up,5 watch out for密切注视；当心；提防watch over 照看；看守keep a watch on 监视，密切注视be on t
44、he watch (for) 提防，警惕，当心,【活学活用】(1)Youll catch cold if you dont watch out; you need a warmer coat than that.如果你不注意，就会感冒，你需要穿一件厚一点的外套。(2)Watch out that you dont catch cold, going out in the pouring rain.冒着瓢泼大雨出去，当心感冒。(3)He climbed the mountain carefully, all the time watching out for loose rocks.爬山时，他步步小心，怕踩到松动的石头。,(4)用适当的介词、副词填空。 Will you watch _ my clothes while I have a swim?The police warned holidaymakers to be_ the watch for car thieves.Please keep a close watch _ the children while they are in the pool.Im always watching out _ mistakes that I may have missed before.,
