1、Section Grammar & Writing情态动词阅读下列句子，并体会黑体部分的用法1The invention of printing about this time meant that knowledge could be recorded and shared as never before.2Li Bai must have had a strange life.3He cant have been interested in a normal job.4I think all poems should have rhymes.5I would love to quote y
2、ou some modern poems if I could.情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，认为“可能” 、 “应当” 、“必要”等等，但本身意义不完整，不能单独作谓语动词，必须和不带 to 的不定式( 即动词原形) 连用。情态动词没有人称和数的变化，但有时态的变化。一、can/could 的用法1表示“能力” 。Can you finish the work in such a short time?在这么短的时间内你能完成这项工作吗？名师点津 can 和 be able to 都表示能力，在意义 上没有区别。但 can 只有现在时和过去时，而 be able to 则有更多的
3、时态形式。如果表示过去某时做成了某事，常用 was/were able to，而不用 could。The fire was very big but everyone was able to escape from the building.火势很凶，但大家都逃了出去。2表示“可能性” ，常用于疑问句和否定句中，指“某事是否是事实” 。That cant be Mary，for she is in hospital.那不可能是玛丽，因为她在住院。3表示“请求”和“许可”(could 用来表示“请求”时，是委婉的说法，回答时只能用 can)。You can take the car if you
4、 want.你要用车就尽管用。二、may/might 的用法1表示允许、许可。否定回答时，一般要用 mustnt，表示“禁止，阻止”之意。May I turn on the CD player?我可以打开 CD 播放机吗？No，you mustnt.不，不行。2在表示请求、允许时，might 比 may 的语气更委婉一些。用“May I？ ”征询对方许可在文体上比较正式，在口气上比较客气，日常口语中，用“Can I ？”征询对方意见更为常见。Might I take the liberty of pointing out your mistakes?我可不可以冒昧地指出你的错误？3表示可能性的
5、推测，含有“或许；大概；可能”之意，用 might 代替may 时，则语气显得更加不肯定。John is absent.He may/might be ill.约翰没来。他可能病了。4may 用于祈使句中表示祝愿。May you have a happy life.祝你生活幸福。三、must/have to 的用法1表示“必须，应该” ，语气比 should，ought to 强烈。其否定形式为mustnt，意思是“不许，禁止” 。You mustnt smoke in public places.你不准在公共场合吸烟。2表示推测时，口气最为肯定，一般用于肯定句，意思是“一定，准是” 。She
6、 must be tired after such a long walk.走了这么长的路，她一定很累。3must 引导的疑问句，否定回答用 dont have to 或 neednt。Must I tell him in advance?我必须提前告诉他吗？No，you dont have to/neednt.不，你不必。4表示一个人所做的事让对方不太满意，有“偏偏，偏要”之意。If you must smoke，please go outside.如果你偏要抽烟，请到外面去。四、shall 的用法1用于第一、三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。What shall we
7、do next?我们下一步做什么？Shall Tom go there with me tomorrow?汤姆明天可以和我一起去吗？2用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。You shall get an answer from me by tomorrow.到明天你就会得到我的答复的。Tell Jerry that he shall get a gift if he is nice.告诉杰瑞如果他表现好的话，就会得到一份礼物。五、will/would 的用法1表示意愿或决心。will 指现在，would 指过去。He will study hard to be
8、a good student.他决心努力学习，做一名好学生。They said that they would help us.他们说过会帮助我们的。2表示请求或猜想与推测。Will/Would you help me with my English？(请求)你可以帮我学习英语吗？It would be about 8 oclock when he left home.(推测)他离开家的时候应该是 8 点左右。3表示习惯性动作，译作“总是；惯于” 。will 指现在，would 指过去。Fish will die without water.鱼离开水活不成。She would sit at t
9、he table，deep in thought.她总是坐在桌边，陷入深思。4would 可表示“过去常常” ，但不涉及现在的情况；used to 也表示“过去常常” ，但暗示了现在不再有这个习惯。He used to make a lot of trouble.他过去常制造许多麻烦。(现在不是了)Tom would watch TV the whole evening.汤姆以前整晚都在看电视。(不知道现在的情况)六、should 的用法1用于表示劝告和建议，作“应该”讲，可与 ought to 互换。You should/ought to go and see Mary sometime.你
10、应该找个时间去看看玛丽。2用于表示推测，译作“很可能”或“该” 。是介于必然性与可能性之间的一种推测，说明说话人对客观事物的真实性做出较大可能性的判断。It should be Mike who has taken away all the materials.很有可能是迈克拿走了所有的材料。3should 表示惊异，意为“居然；竟然” 。As I left the house，who should come to meet me but my old friend Sam.正当我离开家时，来找我的不是别人，竟然是我的老朋友萨姆。4可用在 if 引导的条件从句中，表示一件事听起来可能性很小，但
11、也不是完全不可能，相当于“万一”的意思。Ask Tom to ring me up if you should see him.万一你见到汤姆，请让他给我打个电话。七、情态动词havedone 的用法1must have 过去分词：表示对过去事情的肯定推测，意为“肯定，一定” ，仅用于肯定句。It must have been around nine oclock when I drove back home because it was already dark.我开车回家时肯定是九点左右了，因为天已经黑了。2may/mighthave过去分词：用于肯定句和否定句，表示对已经发生的事情的推测
12、，相当于“可能；大概” 。might 结构还表虚拟，表示过去本可能发生的事，但事实并非如此。Philip may/might have been hurt seriously in the car accident.菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤。He might have gone to the gas station，but I am not sure.他可能去了加油站，但我不确定。3can(not) have过去分词：对过去(不)可能发生的事进行推测，多用于否定句和疑问句。He cant have finished the work so soon.他不可能这么快就把工作做完了。Where
13、can Mary have put the empty bottles?玛丽可能会把空瓶子放在哪里呢？4could(not)have过去分词：表示过去的时间里某事可能(不可能)已经发生；也表示过去本能(不能)做而未做(做了) 的事。My mother came here by bus，but she could have taken a taxi.我妈妈坐公交车来的，但她本可以坐出租车来的。I met him at the hospital yesterday afternoon，so he couldnt have attended your lecture.我昨天下午在医院碰见他了，所以他
14、不可能听你演讲。5should/ought tohave过去分词：一般用于虚拟语气，肯定句表示过去没有发生但却应该发生的事，意为“本应” ；否定句表示过去发生了本不该发生的事，意为“本不该” 。You should have come to the laboratory if you were really serious about your research.如果你真的对你的研究负责的话，你应该来实验室的。They shouldnt have given him so much money only because he asked for.他们本不应该仅仅因为他要求就给他这么多钱。.单句
15、语法填空1It not be our headmaster.He has gone to America.2Why you interrupt me while Im watching TV?3You cant imagine that a wellbehaved gentleman be so rude to a lady.4I love the weekend，because I get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.5It was really annoying；I get access to the data bank you had recomm
16、ended.【答案】 1.can 2.must 3.should 4.neednt 5.couldnt.单句改错1He must put his wallet somewhere else last night.2Someone has cleaned the room.Who may it be?3It mustnt be the postman at the door.Its only six oclock.4He can come this afternoon，but he said he wasnt certain what his plans were.5My MP5 isnt in
17、 my bag.Where must I have put it?【答案】 1.must 后加 have 2.may can/could3mustntcant 4.canmay/might 5.mustcan/could如何写诗评诗评的写作大致可分为以下几个步骤：1简述诗歌内容。当然这必须建立在很好地把握原诗主旨的基础之上，而非罗列原诗的诗句。2谈谈自己的感受。一首好的诗歌，自然有动人之处。可侧重诗中最打动你的某一方面抒发自己的感想。3欣赏诗歌。好的诗歌应该能做到形式和内容的统一，所以我们欣赏诗歌的着眼点也不能离开这两个方面。根据高考的要求，中学阶段的诗评不可能做过多的发挥，所以只要掌握了基本
18、的写作步骤，满足题目的写作要求，这种日常训练较少的写作项目也并不难把握。写作任务请阅读下面这首小诗，然后按要求与提示写一篇 100 词左右的短文。A Poem of an Iraqi ChildMum is tearing.Dad，where did you go?I am scared from heart to soul.Mum and I needed you so much.But what happened？People say that I am too young to know.I heard the terrible sound and smelled the smoke.D
19、ad，come back.But what happened？I dont know.Mum and I love you so much.Dad，where did you go?She says you will be back.Mum and I missed you so much.With good news and hope.审题谋篇体裁 诗评话题 诗歌时态 一般现在时为主人称 第三人称遣词造句.词汇1 处于交战状态2 遭受3 毫无意义4 渴望和平5 打动我的心【答案】 1.at war 2.suffer 3.meaningless 4.long for peace 5.touch
20、 my heart.句式1This is a poem.It was written by an Iraqi child.(用分词作定语合并句子)【答案】 This is a poem written by an Iraqi child.2The description is simple and to the point.The meaning of the poem is rich.(用状语从句合并句子 )【答案】 Though the description is simple and to the point，the meaning of the poem is rich.妙笔成篇【参
21、考范文】 This is a poem written by an Iraqi child.We are shown，rather than told that Iraq is at war.The childs father has gone to the battlefield for their freedom.Iraqi people are suffering a lot from the war.To a small child war seems meaningless，but father means much to him and the family.They are lo
22、nging for the peace.The poem touches my heart.It truly brings tears to my eyes.One obvious meaning of the description is that how much peace means to a country and its people.Although the description is simple and to the point， the meaning of the poem is rich.They have to be separated at the moment，however ，they still have the hope in their mind.They believe the victory will belong to them.And they are looking forward to the day.
