1、Last week, our economic work Conference held today, held the Countys rural areas for work and “five water treatment“, “three to split“ Conference, which this year was a matter of “Thirteen-Five“ important meeting of our Countys economic and social development. The main task of the meeting was, on ru
2、ral work and conscientiously implement the Central, provincial and municipal “five water treatment“, “three to split“ series of important conferences, learn from the past, study deployment priority tasks this year. Just now, the XXX Deputy head and Deputy County magistrate, respectively, on the work
3、 of the XX was fully deployed, and put forward specific measures and requirements about is in place. County Environmental Protection Bureau, the XX town, town of XX 3 units for a position statement, resounding, demonstrated determination and confidence. Conference also recognition has advanced repre
4、sentative, this, I also representative County, and County Government, to by recognition of advanced said warm of congratulated! to rural, and water and three modified a split front General cadres workers extend sincere of greeting! following, I again told five points views: a, and deepening awarenes
5、s, further enhanced work of sense and urgency since party of 18 session v plenary proposed has “innovation, and coordination, and green, and open, and shared“ five big development concept Hou, rural and environment governance work can said was upgrade to has more high of strategy level, is “ Thirtee
6、n-Five “build well-off a top priority task. XX, County besides lingxi, Longgang, jinxiang, the Treasury, the hills, several industrial town outside the city centre, is basically belong to other rural areas, area, the vast rural population. Same time, the current and coming period, is the County into
7、 a crucial period of the South Gate of XX beautiful, environmental regulation directly affects the effectiveness of the strategic objectives can not be achieved. Therefore, the focus on rural work and “five water treatment“, “three to split“, the XX economic and social development has an important r
8、ole. Last year, through the joint efforts of the County, reform of the agricultural and rural development has made great progress in our County, environmental remediation and achieved initial results. “Three agriculture“ agricultural modernization level continues to increase, new 4-level modern agri
9、culture Park, released 20 agricultural leading enterprises above the county level, the County area of 200 acres of land more than eco-leisure, investments of more than 5 million Yuan reached more than more than 100 agricultural projects. Rural development has improved continuously, boutique line 1 c
10、ompleted the beautiful countryside, fine village 17, beautiful rural development conference was held in lingxi peach Lake in the city. Promote comprehensive rural reform, included in the provinces building “three in one“ system of farmers cooperative economic organization first promoting the County.
11、 Improvement of farmersliving standards, poor farmers in less than complete elimination of 4600 Yuan, 8949, 19008. “Five waters rule“: the County invested 2.169 billion yuan, similar counties line the citys first complete the 42 km of sewage pipe network construction, completion rate ranked first in
12、 the city, won the provincial rural sewage treatment work better; key pollution sources such as electroplating, papermaking, chemical industry management through verification and acceptance of the municipal government, the County removed Black and odorous River, River waste, beginning of river ecolo
13、gical restoration effects. “Three modified a split“ aspects: County total demolition illegal area up 2.759 million square meters, completed City issued annual task of 153%, split against area ranking city second; completed “three modified“ area 4.846 million square meters, completed City issued annu
14、al task of 403%, ranking city third, which village in the a target completed total city ranking first; County Government was named city level “three modified a split“ work advanced. These achievements are hard won and should be appreciated. However, we are fully aware, the new period, and work in th
15、e countryside and the environment facing higher standards and requirements, provincial party Committee offered to high level build a comprehensive well-off society goal requires “no filth, dirty environment illegal buildings, into a well-off“; municipal party Committee also proposes to build into th
16、e well-off benchmark goals of the city. Compared with the superior claim, “South Gate of XX beautiful“ goal, my County “San Nong“ and environment there are a number of weaknesses and gaps, highlighted in the following five aspects: first, agriculture remained “low“ pattern. “Low“ is reflected in the
17、 quality and low; short, value added of the industry chain is low; 123 fusion yield low employee age, low quality. “Small“ is reflected in smaller, specialized cooperatives throughout the County there were 3,396, but on the scale of too little. “San“ is reflected in production, management, services,
18、 decentralized, centralized, standardized, brand, information and organizational level is not high. Second, the countryside is still in “dirty“ phase. “Dirty“ is dirty of rural sanitation situation has not changed. “Chaos“ is a village in rural housing construction planning, construction of disorder
19、, no drawings, no construction, no vetting “four no“ phenomenon, heap lying there. “Bad“ is the weak rural base, village governance is poor. Thirdly, farmers continued to be “persistent“ look. “Old“ is aging, rural labor force accounted for 70% over the age of 50. “Big“ is that the reform measures g
20、round resistance, such as the transactions of property rights, land replacement; public service supply gap, rural education, health care, pensions and other services can not meet the demand still difficult for poverty alleviation, with emphasis on poverty alleviation and 191. “Hard“ is a “peasants,
21、peasants. Four water effects still lacks第八章 矿山安全评价8.1 矿山安全评价的理论基础8.1.1 矿山灾害的分类1、矿山类别依矿产种类不同，矿山可分为煤矿、冶金矿山、黄金矿山、有色金属矿山、化工原料矿山、核工业矿山、建材矿山和轻工矿山。还有煤矿矿山与非煤矿山、金属矿山与非金属矿山之分。2、矿山灾害按伤害方式分类（1）冒顶片帮、地面塌陷、露天滑坡；（2）瓦斯爆炸、煤尘爆炸、硫化矿尘爆炸；（3）矿山火灾：外因火灾和自然火灾；（4）矿山水灾：地面水灌井和巷道透水；（5）中毒、窒息；（6）火药燃烧爆炸、放炮；（7）平巷、斜井的运输事故，竖井提升事故；（8）高
22、处坠落：井架坠落、坠入溜井；（9）机械伤害；（10）触电：电击和电烧伤；（11）物体打击；（12）矿区污染。3、矿山灾害按事故性质分类分为责任事故和非责任事故。8.1.2 事故的基本特征主要包括：事故的因果性，事故的偶然性、必然性和规律性，事故的潜在性和再现性。8.1.3 防灾五原则1、可能预防的原则2、因果继承原则事故原因分为直接原因和间接原因：直接原因又称一次原因，分为物的原因和人的原因；间接原因是二次、三次以至多层次继发来自事故本源的基础原因，分为技术的原因、教育的原因、身体的原因、精神的原因、管理的原因、社会或历史的原因等。3、损失偶然性原则4、对策选择性原则3E 对策：技术的对策、教
23、育的对策和法制的对策。5、危险因素防护原则（1）消除潜在危险原则；（2）降低潜在危险因素原则；（3）距离防护原则；（4）时间防护原则；（5）屏蔽原则；（6）坚固原则；（7）薄弱环节原则；（8）闭锁原则；（9）不予接近原则；（10）取代操作人员的原则；（11）警戒信息原则。8.1.4 矿山事故模型1、矿山中以人失误为主因的事故模型2、矿山事故起因物施害物模型8.2 矿山安全评价的主要依据8.2.1 煤矿开采的一般规定每个生产矿井必须至少有 2 个能行人的通达地面的安全出口，各个出口的距离不得小于 30 米。井下第一个水平到上一个水平和各个采区都必须至少有 2 个便于行人的安全出口，并与通达地面的
24、安全出口相连接。未建成 2 个出口的水平或采区严禁生产。井巷交岔点必须设置路标，标明所在地，指明能往安全出口的方向。能达地面的安全出口倾角等于或小 45 度时，必须设置人行道。倾角大于 45 度时必须设置梯道间或梯子间，斜井梯道间必须分段错开设置，每段斜长不得大于 10 米；立井梯子间的梯子角度不得大于 80度，相邻两个平台的垂直距离不得大于 8 米。安全出口应经常清理、维护，保持畅通。主要绞车道不得兼作人行道。巷道净断面必须满足行人、运输、通风和安全设施及设备安装、检修、施工的需要。巷道净断面的设计，必须按支护最大允许变形且的断面计算。Last week, our economic work
25、 Conference held today, held the Countys rural areas for work and “five water treatment“, “three to split“ Conference, which this year was a matter of “Thirteen-Five“ important meeting of our Countys economic and social development. The main task of the meeting was, on rural work and conscientiously
26、 implement the Central, provincial and municipal “five water treatment“, “three to split“ series of important conferences, learn from the past, study deployment priority tasks this year. Just now, the XXX Deputy head and Deputy County magistrate, respectively, on the work of the XX was fully deploye
27、d, and put forward specific measures and requirements about is in place. County Environmental Protection Bureau, the XX town, town of XX 3 units for a position statement, resounding, demonstrated determination and confidence. Conference also recognition has advanced representative, this, I also repr
28、esentative County, and County Government, to by recognition of advanced said warm of congratulated! to rural, and water and three modified a split front General cadres workers extend sincere of greeting! following, I again told five points views: a, and deepening awareness, further enhanced work of
29、sense and urgency since party of 18 session v plenary proposed has “innovation, and coordination, and green, and open, and shared“ five big development concept Hou, rural and environment governance work can said was upgrade to has more high of strategy level, is “ Thirteen-Five “build well-off a top
30、 priority task. XX, County besides lingxi, Longgang, jinxiang, the Treasury, the hills, several industrial town outside the city centre, is basically belong to other rural areas, area, the vast rural population. Same time, the current and coming period, is the County into a crucial period of the Sou
31、th Gate of XX beautiful, environmental regulation directly affects the effectiveness of the strategic objectives can not be achieved. Therefore, the focus on rural work and “five water treatment“, “three to split“, the XX economic and social development has an important role. Last year, through the
32、joint efforts of the County, reform of the agricultural and rural development has made great progress in our County, environmental remediation and achieved initial results. “Three agriculture“ agricultural modernization level continues to increase, new 4-level modern agriculture Park, released 20 ag
33、ricultural leading enterprises above the county level, the County area of 200 acres of land more than eco-leisure, investments of more than 5 million Yuan reached more than more than 100 agricultural projects. Rural development has improved continuously, boutique line 1 completed the beautiful count
34、ryside, fine village 17, beautiful rural development conference was held in lingxi peach Lake in the city. Promote comprehensive rural reform, included in the provinces building “three in one“ system of farmers cooperative economic organization first promoting the County. Improvement of farmerslivin
35、g standards, poor farmers in less than complete elimination of 4600 Yuan, 8949, 19008. “Five waters rule“: the County invested 2.169 billion yuan, similar counties line the citys first complete the 42 km of sewage pipe network construction, completion rate ranked first in the city, won the provincia
36、l rural sewage treatment work better; key pollution sources such as electroplating, papermaking, chemical industry management through verification and acceptance of the municipal government, the County removed Black and odorous River, River waste, beginning of river ecological restoration effects. “
37、Three modified a split“ aspects: County total demolition illegal area up 2.759 million square meters, completed City issued annual task of 153%, split against area ranking city second; completed “three modified“ area 4.846 million square meters, completed City issued annual task of 403%, ranking cit
38、y third, which village in the a target completed total city ranking first; County Government was named city level “three modified a split“ work advanced. These achievements are hard won and should be appreciated. However, we are fully aware, the new period, and work in the countryside and the enviro
39、nment facing higher standards and requirements, provincial party Committee offered to high level build a comprehensive well-off society goal requires “no filth, dirty environment illegal buildings, into a well-off“; municipal party Committee also proposes to build into the well-off benchmark goals o
40、f the city. Compared with the superior claim, “South Gate of XX beautiful“ goal, my County “San Nong“ and environment there are a number of weaknesses and gaps, highlighted in the following five aspects: first, agriculture remained “low“ pattern. “Low“ is reflected in the quality and low; short, val
41、ue added of the industry chain is low; 123 fusion yield low employee age, low quality. “Small“ is reflected in smaller, specialized cooperatives throughout the County there were 3,396, but on the scale of too little. “San“ is reflected in production, management, services, decentralized, centralized,
42、 standardized, brand, information and organizational level is not high. Second, the countryside is still in “dirty“ phase. “Dirty“ is dirty of rural sanitation situation has not changed. “Chaos“ is a village in rural housing construction planning, construction of disorder, no drawings, no constructi
43、on, no vetting “four no“ phenomenon, heap lying there. “Bad“ is the weak rural base, village governance is poor. Thirdly, farmers continued to be “persistent“ look. “Old“ is aging, rural labor force accounted for 70% over the age of 50. “Big“ is that the reform measures ground resistance, such as th
44、e transactions of property rights, land replacement; public service supply gap, rural education, health care, pensions and other services can not meet the demand still difficult for poverty alleviation, with emphasis on poverty alleviation and 191. “Hard“ is a “peasants, peasants. Four water effects
45、 still lacks采区结束回撤设备时，必须编制专门措施，加强通风、瓦斯、防火管理。8.2.2 煤矿通风要求井下空气成分必须符合下列要求：1、采掘工作面的进风流中，氧气浓度不低于 20%，二氧化碳浓度不超过 0.5%。2、有害气体浓度不超过表 8-2 规定。表 8-2 矿井有害气体最高允许浓度名 称 最高允许浓度/%一氧化碳 CO 0.0024氧化氮（换算成二氧化氮 NO2） 0.00025二氧化硫 SO2 0.0005硫化氢 H2S 0.00066氨 NH3 0.004设有梯子间的井筒或修理中的井筒，风速不得超过 8m/s。无瓦斯涌出的架线电机车巷道中的最低风速不得低于 0.5m/s。进
46、风井口以下的空气温度必须在 2以上。采掘工作面的空气温度超过 30、机电设备硐室的空气温度超过 34时，必须停止作业。矿井必须有完整的独立通风系统。采区进、回风巷必须贯穿整个采区，严禁一段为进风巷、一段为回风巷。矿井通风系统必须标明风流方向、风量和通风设施的安装地点。矿井应绘制矿井通风系统立体示意图和矿井通风网络图。矿井必须采用机械通风。主要通风机必须安装在地面，装有通风机的井口必须封闭严密；必须保证主要通风机连续运转；必须安装 2 套同等能力的主要通风机装置；严禁采用局部通风机或风机群作为主要通风机使用；装有主要通风机的出风井口应安装防爆门，防爆门每 6 个月检查维修 1 次；至少每月检查一
47、次主要通风机；新安装的通风机投入使用前，必须进行一次通风机性能测定和试运转工作，以后每 5 年至少进行 1 次性能测定。8.2.3 煤（岩）与瓦斯突出的安全规定突出矿井在编制年度、季度、月生产建设计划的同时，必须编制防治突出措施计划。开采突出煤层时，必须采取预测、防治突出措施、防治突出措施的效果检验、安全防护措施等综合防治突出措施。主要巷道应布置在岩层或非突出层中，应尽量减少层中的掘进工作量；在同一煤层的同一区段的集中应力影响范围内，不得布置 2 个工作相向回采或掘进。突出煤层严禁采用放顶煤采煤法、水力采煤法、非正规采煤法采煤。突出煤层的采煤工作面严禁使用风镐落煤。8.2.4 煤矿防火一般规定
48、生产和在建矿井必须制定井上、下防火措施。矿井的所有地面建筑物、煤堆、矸石山、木料场等处的防火措施和制度，必须符合国家有关防火的规定。木料场、矸石山、炉灰场距离进风井不得小于 80m。木料场距离矸石山不得小于 50m。不得将矸石山或炉灰场设在进风井的主导风向上风侧，也不得设在表土 10 m 以内有煤层的地面上和设在有漏风的采空区上方的塌陷范围内。新建矿井的永久井架和井口房、以井口为中心的联合建筑，必须用不燃性材料建筑。对现有生产矿井用可燃性材料建筑的井架和井口房，必须制定防火措施。矿井必须设地面消防水池和井下消防管路系统。井下消防管路系统应每隔 100 m 设置支管和阀门，但在带式输送机巷道中应
49、每隔 50m 设置支管和阀门。地面的消防水池必须经常保持不少于 200m3的水量。如果消防用水同生产、生活用水共用同一水池，应有确保消防用水的措施。 开采下部水平的矿井，除地面消防水池外，可利用上部水平或生产水平的水仓作为消防水池。进风井口应装设防火铁门，防火铁门必须严密并易于关闭，打开时不妨碍提升、运输和人员通行，Last week, our economic work Conference held today, held the Countys rural areas for work and “five water treatment“, “three to split“ Conference, which this year was a matter of “Thirteen-Five“ important meeting of our Countys economic and social development. The main task of the meeting was, on rural work and conscientiously implement the Central, provincial and municipal “five water treatment“, “three to sp
