1、1情态动词特殊用法大集合情态动词除了基本的用法以外还有许多特殊之处，列举如下：1 can 和 could Can 和 could 可以表示某人或某物一时的特点，表示 “客观有可能”可以翻译为“有可能，有时会” 。It can be very warm in this area 。这个地区有时可能非常暖和.He can be very friendly at times 。他有时会非常友好。can 表示能力时，可以与 be able to 换用。但是在将来时和完成时中必须用 be able to ；表示经过努力而成功地办到了某个具体的事情时，只能用 be able to ，不可以用 can。 这
2、种用法的 be able to 相当于 succeed in 或 manage to。I am sure we shall be able to get you a job soon 。 （不能用 can）He has been able to finish the work on time 。 （不可用 can）After years of hard work he was able to win the prize 。 （不可以用 could）He couldt climb the mountain 。 （没有能力爬，因而也没有爬）He was not able to climb the
3、mountain 。 （尝试爬过，但是没能爬上去）另外：对 Were you able to find the pen？做否定回答应该用：No, I couldnt（find it ）.不能说：No, I wasnt able to find it.could 可以用来表示过去习惯性动作的完成，而 was able to 却没有这种用法。I could run after a bus and catch it twenty years ago ，I cant do that now 。二十年前，我能在后面跑着追上公共汽车，现在不行了。cannot cant 与 tooover（)enough
4、perfectly sufficiently 等词连用，意思是“越越” “无论怎样 也不为过” 、 “决不会 够(过)” 。You cant praise him too much 。你无论怎样称赞他都不过分。You cannot be over careful 。你越细心越好。I cant thank you enough 。我对你感激不尽。This point cannot be overemphasized 。这一点无论如何强调都不过分 。 “cannot wait 不定式 ”意思是“be eager to 急于做” ，表示强调的肯定意思 。I cannot wait to read t
5、he book 。我非常渴望读这本书 。He couldnt wait to see her 。他渴望见到她 。练习题：Please remind your grandpa to take medicine on time，for a man of his age_ be very forgetful 。 2Ashould B. must C. shall D. can You cannot be_ careful when you drive a car .A.very B.so C.too D.enough The car broke down on the way ,but we_get
6、 out of the desert at last.A.might B.would C.were able to D.could2 must 有一种含义：“偏要” “硬要” 。表示说话人对句子主语所发出的动作或行为是不希望的、不满的甚至是生气的。通常指令人不愉快的事情。must 用于第二人称时，常常含有讽刺挖苦的意思：Why must you be so stubborn （固执）？He must come and worry her with questions ，just when she was busy cooking the dinner 。 If you must smoke,
7、at least you could use an ashtray（烟灰缸）.As I was sitting down to lunch ，the electric bell must ring 。Why must you be so late ？你为何非要这么晚来呢 ？练习题：Why _you always interrupt me ？ A. can B. will C. may D. must Naturally ，after I told her what to do ，my daughter _go and do the opposite ！ A .may B.can C. must
8、 D. should 注意：(1)must 可以表示客观必然性，意思为“必然（会） ，总是会” ，而 have to 则不可以这样用。All men must die 。人固有一死。Competition must happen 。竞争总会发生。Truth must be out 。真相总会大白 。There must be a day for revenge 。总有报仇的那一天 。(2)对 must 所在句子变反意疑问句时，应注意以下习惯搭配：must 作“必须”解时，反意疑问句中重复 must 。All the children must respect their parents ，mu
9、stnt they ？ 孩子必须尊敬父母，对吗？ “must be ”表示推测时，反意疑问句用 be 的适当形式 。You must be thirsty ，arent you ？你一定渴了，是吗 ？“must have done ”表示推测时 ，附加疑问句一般用 have 或 has ，但是有明确表示过去的时间状语时，反意疑问句用过去时态。He must have finished the work ，hasnt he ？He must have gone abroad last week ，didnt he ？3You must have been told about it that d
10、ay ，werent you ？3.used to 的意思是 “过去常常 ”，已经含有 always, often, sometimes, from time to time 等意思，但是它却可以和它们连用。He always used to come by bus. 他过去总是坐公共汽车来。He often used to work late at night.他过去经常工作到深夜。She always used to get up at four oclock in the morning.她过去总是早晨 4 点起床。但是 used to 不可以与表示具体次数或一段时间(即特定的时间段)的
11、词语连用。He went to abroad three times.He lived in the countryside for three years.但是可以和过去确定的时间壮语连用。He used to live here in 1995。He used to be devoted to her when she was a little girl.另：would 和 used to 的区别如下：两者都可以表示过去的习惯性动作。但是 would 只强调过去特定情况下的习惯性动作(由动态动词表示)，单纯的过去和现在无关；而 used to 即可以强调过去的习惯性动作(由动态动词表示)，
12、也可以强调过去的事实或状态(由静态东此表示)，且与现在形成对比，即可表示持续的状态，也可表示过去重复的行为。I used to have an old car 。过去我有一辆旧轿车。I didnt use to like opera ，but now Im getting interested 。我过去不喜欢歌剧，但现在逐渐有了兴趣。上面两句话的动词均是静态动词，说明过去的事实或状态，不能用 would 代替 used to 。但是 would 可以和 sometimes/now and then/from time to time 等词组（表示过去有时或偶尔的时间状语）连用。She woul
13、d sit there for hours sometimes, doing nothing at all .他有时一连坐好几个小时，什么事情也不干。练习题：When he was there ,he_go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day .A.would B.should C.had better D.might 4.shall 可以用在第二、三人称，要重读，不可以缩写，表示说话人的意图、意志、允诺、命令、命运或必然结果等；在法律、条约、协定等文件中可以表示义务、规定等。You shall have a lot o
14、f money .(意图/允诺)你会有很多钱的。Each citizen shall carry his identification card when traveling.(规定)旅游时每个市民务必带上身份证。4You shall arrive there before sunset .(命令)你们要在日落前到达那儿。If you dont behave yourself, you shall be punished .(威胁)如果你行为不轨的话，你会受到惩罚的。He shall get what he deserves .(警告)他会得到他应该得到的。Death is certain t
15、o all; all shall die .(命运)死必临万物；万物皆必死。Better days shall soon follow .(预言)好日子不久会来到。The time shall come when they shall be avenged .(意志)为他们伸冤的时候会来的。Who touches pitch shall be defiled .(必然结果)玩火者必自焚。POWs shall not be ill-treated .(法律用语)战俘不得受虐待。练习题：It has been announced that candidates _remain in their s
16、eats until all the papers have been collected.A.can B.will C.may D.shall Havent I told you already that you _have my answer tomorrow morning ?A. will B.shall C.should D.would Nobody _throw away rubbish everywhere !A.can B.need C.shall D.must 5.will表示意愿或固执坚持。用于非人主语时，表示固有性质，倾向。She wont lend me the mon
17、ey .她不愿把钱借给我。He is the man who will go his own way.他是一个自行其事的人。The window wont open .窗子打不开。The door wont shut .门关不上了。在含有 if 从句的主从复合句中，如果 if 引导的条件状语从句表示的是一般将来时或过去将来时， 不能用 will 或 would ,而要用一般现在时或一般过去时来代替。If you dont come here , I will go to find you .(1)下面句子中的 will 表示“难免” 。Accidents will happen.事故难免会发生
18、。Boys will be boys .男孩子总是男孩子。(2)will 可以用来表示某些根据自然规律必定会发生的事情，并且此时可以用一般现在时来代替它。Oil will float on water .油能在水上漂流。Stainless steel will not rust .不锈钢是不会生锈的。5Matches will not strike if they are damp.火柴如果潮湿，就划不着。6.need作为情态动词时主要用在否定句和疑问句中，但是也可以用在用条件的肯定句中，这个条件是：肯 定句中必须含有某些含某种否定含义的词语，例如 only ,but ,all,before
19、等或者说句子中暗含某 种否定含义。One need only consider the facts .否定含义是：只需考虑这些事实，不必去做别的事。He need do it but once .否定含义是：他不必做两次以上。All he need do is state his opinion clearly.didnt need to 和 neednt have done 的区别：前者表示没有必要做实际上也没有做某事，后者表示做了不该做的事情。They didnt need to come here.他们不必来这儿（实际也没来） 。They neednt have come here.他们
20、本来不必来这儿（但是实际来了）7.may / might well动词原形或 may/ might as well动词原形May /might well动词原形意思为“理应，有足够的理由” ；may / might as well 动词原形 意思为“还不如，不妨，还是的好” ，表示某人应该做某事，因为没有更好的事、没有更有趣的 事或没有更有用处的事可以做。May as well 可能比 might as well 更加肯定一点。He may well be proud of his son .他大可以他的儿子为荣。It is very late ,so you may / might as w
21、ell go to bed .夜深了，不妨去睡吧 。We may / might as well have something to eat .我们还不如吃点东西。 8.should 可以表示估计或推测上的应该 ，还可以翻译成可能，该，估计，按理应当等等。The report is written after careful investigation , so it should be reliable .这份报告是经过周密调查写成的，所以该是可靠的。They should be there by now ,I think .我想他们现在该到那儿了。表示惊讶，不以为然等情绪，用于某些句型中，
22、多译为竟然 ；I think it is dreadful that anyone should be so miserable .我想非常糟糕，每个人都竟然如此悲伤。You cant imagine that such a good student like him should fail in the exam .你无法想象像他这样如此好的学生竟然在考试中失败了。 Why should I fear ? 我会害怕？（=I dont fear at all .）What should I see but misery ?所见皆是一片凄惨。(=I could see nothing but m
23、isery .)Should you be so silly ? 你会这么傻吗？（ =You are not so silly .）I was thinking of going to see John when who should appear but John himself .6我还想着去看约翰，想不到约翰来啦。全国各地高考情态动词试题汇编（ ）55.My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared .Who_ have taken it ?A. should B. must C. could D. would（ ）56. Children u
24、nder 12 years of age in that country _ be under adult supervision when in a public library. （2004 年上海）A. must B. may C. can D. need（ ）57. -Isnt that Anns husband over there?-No, it_ be him Im sure he doesnt wear glasses. A cant B must not C wont D may not（ ）58.You_ be tired youve only been working f
25、or an hour。 A. must not B. wont C. cant D. may not（ ）59.I often see lights in that empty house .Do you think I_ report it to the police ?A. should B. may C. will D. can（ ）60.Mr White _ at 8:30 for the meeting , but he didnt show up.A. should have arrived B. should arrive C. should have had arrived D
26、. should be arriving（ ）61. Who is the girl standing over there?Well, if you_ know ,her name is Mabel. A. may B. can C. must D. shall（ ）62. Mum, Ive been studying English since 8 oclock . _I go out and play with Tom for a while？ No，Im afraid not. Besides, its raining outside now.A. Cant B. Wouldnt C.
27、 May not D. Wont（ ）63. I dont mind telling you what I know. You _ Im not asking you for it. A. mustnt B. may not C. cant D. neednt（ ）64. I_ pay Tracy a visit ,but Im not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.A. should B. might C. would D. could7（ ）65.Ill tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.You_
28、 her last week .A. ought to tell B. would have told C. must tell D. should have told （ ）66.Excuse me ,but I want to use your computer to type a report .You_ have my computer if you dont take care of it.A. shant B. might not C. neednt D. shouldnt（ ）67.“The interest_ be divided into five parts , accor
29、ding to the agreement made by both sides,”declared the judge.A. may B. should C. must D. shall （ ）68.You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _ not like the design of the furniture.A. must B. shall C. may D. need（ ）69Excuse me . Is this the right way to the Summer Palace ?Sor
30、ry , I am not sure . But it _ be .Amight Bwill Cmust Dcan （ ）70.I have lost one of my gloves. I_ it somewhere.A. must drop B. must have dropped C. must be dropping D. must have beet dropped（ ）71.According to the local regulations, anyone who intends to get a drivers licence _ take an eye test.A. can
31、 B. must C. would D. may（ ）72.Tom, you _ leave all your clothes on the floor like this ! Awouldnt B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not（ ）73. John, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour ? A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need （ ）74.He _ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoyin
32、g himself by the seaside. A. should B. must C. wouldnt D. cant（ ）75.There _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. A. mustnt B. shant C. shouldnt D. neednt （ ）76.I _ have been more than six years old when the accident happened. A. shouldnt
33、 B. couldnt C. mustnt D. neednt （ ）77.This cake is very sweet. You _ a lot of sugar in it. Ashould put Bcould have put Cmight put Dmust have put8（ ）78. - The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.- Oh, dear! She _ a lot of difficulties! A. may go thr
34、ough B. might go throughC. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through（ ）79.The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _be very slow. A. should B. must C. will D. can（ ）80Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.Thanks. You _it. I could manage it myself
35、. Aneednt do Bneednt have done Cmustnt do Dshouldnt have done（ ）81Do you know where David is? I couldnt find him anywhere.Well . He _have gone farhis coats still here. Ashouldnt B mustnt Ccant Dwouldnt（ ）82If I _ plan to do anything I wanted to , Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of
36、it as possible. Awould Bcould Chad to Dought to （ ）83. -Lucy doesnt mind lending you her dictionary.-She _. Ive already borrowed one. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt（ ）84. -Ive taken someone elses green sweater by mistake.-It_ Harrys. He always wears green. A. has to be B. will be C. mustnt
37、D. could be（ ）85. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They _ at least 150 km an hour. A. should have been doing B. must have been doing C. could have done D. would have done（ ）86. He paid for a seat, when he _ have entered free. A. could B. would C. must D. need（ ）
38、87.-Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today? -Something _to him. Amust happen B. should have happened C. could have happened D. must have happened （ ）88. Helen _ go on the trip with us, but she isnt quite sure yet. A. shall B. must C. may D. can9（ ）89.- Dont you think it necessary that he
39、 _ to Miami but to New York?- I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to. A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what（ ）90.-Tom graduated from college at a very young age.-Oh, he_ have been a very smart boy then.A could B should C might D
40、must( ) 91 . - Whats the name?- Khulaifi. _ I spell that for you? A. Shall B. Would C. Can D. Might ( ) 92. Theres no light on - they_ be at home. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt ( ) 93. As you worked late yesterday, you _have come this morning. A. maynt B. cant C. mustnt D. neednt ( ) 94. W
41、e hope that as many people as-possible _ join us for the picnic tomorrow. A. need B. must C. should D. can ( 95. If it were not for the fact that she _ sing, I would invite her to the party. A. couldnt B. shouldnt C. cant D. might not ( ) 96. - Must he come to sign this paper himself? - Yes, he .A.
42、need B. must C. may D. will ( ) 97.Some aspects of a pilots job _be boring, and pilots often _work at inconvenient hours. A. can; have to B. may; can C. have to; may D. ought to; must ( ) 98. - I think Ill give Bob a ring.- You _. You havent been in touch with him for ages. A. will B. may C. have to
43、 D. should ( ) 99The weather turned out to be fine yesterdayIthe trouble to carry my umbrella with me A should have taken Bcould have taken Cneednt have taken D，mustnt have taken ( ) 100. -May I smoke here ?- If you _, choose a seat in the smoking section. A. should B. could C. may D. must ( ) 101.-
44、Is Jack on duty today? -It _ be him. Its his turn tomorrow.10A. mustnt B. wont C. cant D. neednt ( ) 102. - Could I have a word with you, mum? - Oh dear, if you _.A. can B. must C. may D. should ( ) 103. You know he is not going to let us leave early if we _ get the work done.A. cant B. may not C. s
45、houldnt D. mustnt ( ) 104. -May I smoke here ?- If you _, choose a seat in the smoking section. A. should B. could C. may D. must ( ) 105. We have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years. A. neednt B. may not C. shouldnt D. mustnt ( ) 106. -Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?-It _ be, but it is now heavily polluted. A. will B. would C. should D. must( ) 107. - She looks very happy. She _ have p
