1、1扎鲁特一中高二英全国卷高考常见的熟词新义时间：2016 年 5 月 19 日 命题人：贾永红单词 熟义 新义 例句1.absent adj.缺席的 adj.茫然的，恍惚的She looked at the picture in an absent way.2.ache vi.&n.疼痛 vi.渴望 Having left for ages, he was aching for home.3.address n.地址 vt.发表演说 The president will address his speech at 3:00 pm.4.absorb vt 吸收 vt 专心于 Absorbed i
2、n painting,John didnt notice evening approaching.5.add v. 增加，加起来v.补充说，接着说I would like to add that we are pleased with the test.6.against Prep.逆着，反对，倚，靠Prep.对面，映衬The bank stands against the post office.The picture looks nice against the white wall.7.allow vt.允许 vt.使可能 This diet allows you one glass o
3、f wine a day.8.announce vt.宣布 vt.显示，预示A warm sunshine announces the coming of spring.9.attend vt.出席，参加 vi.&vt.看护，治疗，陪同The nurse attended ( to ) him day and night.10.bear vt.忍受，容忍 vt.显示，带有He was badly wounded in the war and still bears the scars.11.better adj.&adv 较好的，较好地vt.改善，优化A key first step in b
4、ettering your evaluation ability it to look carefully at your sources of health information.12.blank adj.空白的 n.空白adj.没有表情的，空虚的，没有兴趣的The stranger returned my greeting with a blank look.13.blue adj.&n.蓝的，蓝色adj.忧伤的 His songs always make me feel blue.14.build vt.建造，建筑 vi.使增强，使强壮n.体形，身材One should receive
5、 training to build up ones confidence.Youre right,Josh. He may have a small build.15.bridge n.桥 vt. 消除隔阂I will try to pave the way between the worlds and bridge the gap of you.16.cause vt.促使，引起 n.原因，起因，事业，目标Even with a staff of volunteers,Tomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause(事业)pan
6、yn.公司 n.陪伴，伴侣I have no company on the journey.18.cloudy adj.阴的，多云的adj.不明朗的不清晰的Who will take his place still remains cloudy.19.coach n.教练 vt.辅导，指导She coached me in playing football.20.cover v.覆盖 v.行走（一段路程），The Red Army covered 25000 li. To cover the cost of hiring a bus,each student will 2足以支付，涵盖，涉及，
7、采访，掩护n.封面，盖子，卧底have to pay $10 each time.The library covers varieties of books.21.cross v .跨越，横穿 n.十字，adj.生气的Dont be cross with him-After all , he is a child.22.count n.&vt.计算，数 vi.有价值，重要It is how much you read but what you read that counts.23.course n.课程，过程 n.一道菜 The courses vary with seasons.24.da
8、mage vt.&n.损坏 n.赔偿金（复数）He claimed $7,000 damages from the taxi company.25.deal vi.处理，解决 n.交易 Having been cheated in a business deal, he was reduced to nothing.It a deal.26.desert n.沙漠 vt.抛弃，丢弃He deserted his wife and children and went abroad.27.develop vt.&vi.发展，开发，研制vt.冲印，患病Did you have the films d
9、evelop?The old man developed a lung cancer.28.divorce vt.与某人离婚 n.离婚vt.使分离，使脱离You cant divorce science from ethical questions.29.drive vt.驾驶 vt.迫使,驱使n.驱动力It is the same instinct that drives people to dress one way at home and another way at work.Even though I am a very positive person, I lost my driv
10、e to write.30.deliver vt.递送，接生小孩vt.讲话，发表The robot doesnt deliver general answers to questions.31.escape v.逃跑，逃脱 vt.被忘掉，被忽视 n.逃跑If he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong.Sometimes my old friends name escaped me.32.encouragevt.鼓励，激励 vt.促进，助长，刺激Good health encourages
11、clear thinking.33.excuse n.借口 vt.原谅 vt.免除某人的职责He was excused from piano practice.34.explode vi.爆炸，爆裂 vt.勃然大怒，大发雷霆Im about to explode! He broke his promise again.35.exploit vt.开发，开采，剥削vt.利用 You must exploit every opportunity to learn English.36.fail vi.失败 vi.（健康、视力）衰退，变弱William found it increasingly
12、difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail.37.fine adj. 美好的，很棒的，晴朗的n&vt.罚款， The man will get a fine if he parks the car there.38.foreign adj.外国的，外交的adj 不熟悉的The subject is foreign to all of us.39.freeze vi.结冰 vi.&vt.惊呆，不动，停止When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze an
13、d wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.340.fresh adj.新鲜的 adj.无经验的She is quite fresh to the work.41.function n.作用，功能 v.运转，起作用The sofa in the living room also functions as a bed at night.42.gain vi&vt.获得，赢得vt.增加（速度，重量）The car gained speed gradually.43.ground n.地面 n.理由 He has strong grou
14、nds for more money.44.govern vt.管理，控制 vt.影响，支配The law of supply and demand governs the prices of goods.45.heavy adj.重的 adj.（交通）拥挤的，（雨雪）大的Despite the thumbs-up given to the old lady,some argued that attention should be paid to our heavy road traffic.46.help vt.帮助 vi.避免，防止，起作用Try not to cough more tha
15、n you can help since it may cause problems to your lungs.47.house n.房子 v.给房子住，容纳These cottages once housed early settlers as they worked the dry Montana soil,now they hold Twitter engineers.48.ill adj.生病的 adj.&adv 坏的/地Its no good speaking ill of others.49.inspire v.激励，鼓舞 v.启发 His best music was insp
16、ired by the memory of his mother.50.interest n.兴趣 n.利益，股份，利润Our family has interests in the business.51.jump vi&n.跳 vi&n.大幅度上涨Last week the prices of goods jumped.52.kill v.杀死，弄死 v.消磨，打发How does the man killtime?53.key n.钥匙，答案 adj.关键的 The house structure is a key factor customers consider.54.land vi
17、.降落，着陆 n.陆地vt. 谋得（工作等）Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford, Ive watched one friend after another land high -ranking ,high -paying Wall Street jobs.55.last adj.最后的 adj.最不可能的He is the last man I want to see.56.match n.火柴 vt.般配，与匹配She matched the carpet with some very nice curtains in color
18、.57.measure n.措施，方法 vt.&vi.估量，判定Its hard to measure his ability when we havent seen his work.58.multiple v.乘，乘以 vt.成倍增加，迅速增加We can multiply our chances of success.59.narrow adj.狭窄的 vt.缩小，使变窄Parents and children should communicate more to narrow the gap between them so that they can understand each o
19、ther better.60.note n.笔记 v.注意，指出，提及I noted that her hands were dirty.61.nurse n.护士，保姆 vt.看护，照料While nursing her ill elder sister throughout the years, Charlotte discovered she had an interest in medicine.462.open v.开 ad.开着的，开放的adj.（问题，议事等）未解决的They left the matter open(悬而未决 ).63.operate vi.机器运转工作，做手术
20、 vt.操作，经营vi.起作用 The medicine operated quickly.64.picture n.画，照片 vt.描绘 I would like to picture my future life in ten years.65.position n.位置，职位 n.立场，观点Whats your position on the problem?66.promise vt.&n.许诺 vt.使有希望，使有可能The dark clouds promise rain.67.pronouncevt. 发音 v.宣称，宣布，判决The judge produced against
21、 her appeal.68.put v.放置 v.陈述， “He is a good girl”, the girls mother put.69.reach vt.到达，伸出 v.联系，延伸，达到（to,into）Ive been tying all day to reach him on the telephone.(reach=get through)70.read v.阅读 vt.理解，领会Its hard to read the expression on his face.I didnt readmothers thoughts at that time.71.respect v
22、t.&n.尊敬，尊重n.方面；pl敬意，问候I think you are wrong in every respect.Please give my respects to your parents.72.round Prep.&adv.环绕，围绕，adj.圆形的n.回合，局，轮We are losing the game in the last round due to our complacency(自满，沾沾自喜).73.save vt.挽救，节省，储蓄vt.省去，免去Setting down clear rules from the start will save arguments
23、 later on.74.say vt.说 vt.假定，显示，表明Say(假定 ) that war breaks out, what will you do?75.seat n.座，座位 vt.使就座；容纳We can seat 300 in the auditorium(礼堂，观众席).76.ship n.轮船 v.运送；运输The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.77.shape n.形状，样式 vt.使具有形状，塑造Corals were shaped into different palms.78.
24、shouldern.肩膀 v.承担 Young people should learn to shoulder the blame.79.shelter n.避难所 vt.保护 I was wrapped heavily and well sheltered from the freezing and blowing weather.80.sign n.符号；记号 n.迹象，预兆；v.签字，签署Bearing responsibility for his mistakes is a sign of a mans maturity.Therefore,students should be adv
25、ised to sign up as soon as possible.81.solid adj.固定的，坚硬的adj.可靠地，可信赖的The research lacks solid evidence,and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.82.stand vi.站立，直立 vt.忍受，n.货摊The author could not stand living in a wooden house.I found the fish stand surrounded in a sea of customers.83.sound n.声音 adj.
26、健全的， It is important to have a sound body.With heavy rain falling all night, she had 5健康的，酣睡的a sound sleep84.store n.（大型）百货商店vt.&n.贮藏，贮存，保存Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons.85.strength n.力量，体力 n.长出，优势A basketball coach must know the strengths
27、 and weaknesses of his players.86.subject n.科目，话题 n.试验对象adj.易受影响的The subjects of this experiment were men aged 18-35.The child is subject to colds.87.treat v.对待 vt.治疗；招待；n.款待The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients,so he has a good reputation.Lets
28、go out for lunch-my treat.88.taste v.品尝 n.味道；鉴赏力；爱好While she was in Paris, she developed a taste for fine art.89.voice n.声音 vt.说出 Moreover, I will open more channels for you to voice your opinions and needs.90.value n.价值，价值观 v.重视，珍视In his values, he value the conventional cultures of his country.91.
29、walk vi.&n.行走，步行n.行业 This society welcomes people from all walks of life.92.wear v.穿；戴 v.面带，流露；留（发，须等）I can still remember he was always wearing a smile and willing to help.93.weigh vt.称重量，称vi.重vt.考虑；权衡，斟酌Weigh the advantages and disadvantages before taking action.However, this must be weighed again
30、st the benefits for city children. 94.wander vi.漫游，游荡，漫步vi.走神，神志恍惚，思想开小差Her thoughts wandered back to her youth.95.work vi.&n.工作 vi.起作用 n.著作，作品The medicine works more effectively if you drink some hot water after taking it.Such poets as Shakespeare are widely read ,of whose works, however, some are
31、difficult to understand.96.wind n.风 v、使蜿蜒，上发条The river winds to the sea.97.undertakevt.承担；从事 vt.承诺；允诺；答应I cant undertake that you will make a profit.98.run vi. 跑 vt.经营；vi.运转 n.时期He has no idea of how to run a business.I cant make this machine run properly.This is unsustainable, in the long run.构词法1.
32、表示否定意义的前缀1) 纯否定前缀a-, an-, asymmetry（不对称）anhydrous（无水的） dis- dishonest, dislikein-, ig-, il, im, ir, incapable, inability, ignoble, impossible, immoral, illegal, irregularne-, n-, none, neither, never non-, noesenseneg-, neglect un- unable, unemploymentmis-,de-, defend, demodulation(解调) dis-, disarm,
33、 disconnect6un-, unload, uncover 2)表示错误的意义 mistake, mislead2.表示空间位置，方向关系的前缀 1) a- 表示“ 在之上”，“向” aboard, aside,2) by- 表示“附近，邻近，边侧” bypath, bypass(弯路 )3) circum-, circu-, 表示“周围，环绕，回转 ” ，circumstance, circuit7) extra-, 表示“额外”4) extraction （提取）5) fore- 表示“在前面”6) forehead, foreground7) in-, il-, im-, ir-,
34、 8)表示“向内，在内，背于”9)inland, invade, inside, import10)10out-, 表示“在上面，在外部，在外”outline, outside, outward11)over-, 表示 “在上面，在外部，向上 ”overlook, overhead, overboard12)post-, 表示 “向后，在后边，次”postscript(附言)， pre-, 表示“在前”在前面”prefix, preface, preposition13) pro-, 表示“在前，向前”progress, proceed,14) sub-, suc-, suf-, sug-,
35、sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-, 表示“在下面，下”subway, submarine, suffix, suppress, supplement1.名词后缀 (1) 具有某种职业或动作的人1) -an, -ain, 表示“地方的人，精通的人” American, historian,2) -al, 表示“具有职务的人“ principal,3) -ant,-ent, 表示 “者” merchant, agent, servant, student,4) -ar, 表示“的人” scholar, liar, peddler5) -ary, 表示“从事的人” secretary,
36、missionary 传教士6) -ant, 表示“具有职责的人” candidate, graduate7) -ator, 表示“做的人“ educator, speculator(投机者)8) -ee, 表示“ 动作承受者“ employee, examinee9) -eer, 表示“从事于 人“ engineer, volunteer10) -er, 表示“ 从事某种职业的人, 某地区，地方的人“ banker, observer, Londoner, villager11) -ese, 表示“ 国人， 地方的人” Japanese, Cantonese12) -ess, 表示“阴性人称
37、名词， actress, hostess, manageress13) -ian, 表示“ 地方人，信仰 .教的人，从事职业的人” Christian, physician(内科医生)， musician14) -ician, 表示“精通者， 家，” electrician, magician, technician15) -icist, 表示“家， .者, .能手” physicist, phoneticist, technicist16) -or, 表示“者“ author, doctor, operator, 2 形容词后缀 1) -able, -ible, movable, comfo
38、rtable, applicable, visible, responsible2) -al, natural, additional, educational3) -an, ane, urban, suburban, republican4) -ant, -ent, distant, important, excellent5) -ar, similar, popular, regular6) -ary, military, voluntary7) -ice, -atie, ical, politic, historic, physical,8) -ine, masculine, femin
39、ine, marine9) -ing, moving, touching, daring10) -ish, foolish, bookish, selfish11) -ive, active, impressive, decisive 73. 动词后缀1) -ize, ise, 表示“做成，变成，化“ modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize2) -en, 表示”使成为，引起，使有” quicken, weaken, soften, harden3) -fy, 表示“使化, 使成 ” beautify, purify, intensify 加强, signify 重要, simplify4) -ish, 表示“使，令” finish, abolish, diminish, establish5) -ate, 表示“成为，处理，作用” separate, operate, indicate 8
