1、Unit 1 Great scientists,Learning Goals:,What will we learn in Unit 1?,Period 1&2 Warming up and Reading I,Warming up,What impress you most in 2003?,Which person impress you most during the SARS?,Zhong Nanshan (钟南山),Lets have a competition!,Do you know other scientists?,The following is a quiz and le
2、ts find out who knows the most.,1.Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?,B. Archimedes,C. Thomas Edison,A. Charles Darwin,(287-212 BC) an ancient Greek mathematician & physicist,2. Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed
3、as the environment changed?,A. Marie Curie,C. Charles Darwin,B. Gregor Mendel,Charles Darwin (1808-1882) British author of The Origin of Species,3.Who invent the first steam engine?,A. Thomas Newcomen,C. Thomas Edison,B. Archimedes,(1663-1729) British, improved the first steam pump and turned it int
4、o a steam engine for taking water out of mines in 1712.,4. Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children.,A. Thomas Edison,C. Archimedes,B. Gregor Mendel,Czech (1822-1884),5. Who discovered radium?,A. Marie Curie,C. Newton,B. Zhang Heng,(1867-1934) (Pol
5、ish and French, won two Nobel Prizes),6.Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?,A. Stephen Hawking,C. Thomas Edison,B. Archimedes,(1847-1931) an American inventor,Thomas Edison,The Inventions of Thomas Edison,Phonograph 留声机,Lightbulb,Motion Pictures,7.Who was the pai
6、nter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people?,A. Gregor Mendel,C. Marie Curie,B. Leonardo da Vinci,(1452-1519) Italian artist,8. Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground?,A. Sir Humphry Davy,C. Faraday,B. Thomas Newcomen,(1778-1829) British,9. Who invented the earliest
7、instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened?,A. Charles Darwin,C. Watt,B. Zhang Heng,(78-139) Chinese, invented seismograph,10.Who put forward a theory about black holes?,A. Stephen Hawking,C. Copernicus,B. Archimedes,(1942-) a British astronomer,John Snow,British ( 1813 1858) a legendary(传
8、奇的) figure in the history of public health, epidemiology（流行病学） and anesthesiology（麻醉学）,What is Cholera?,Cholera is the illness caused by a bacterium called Vibria cholerae. It infects peoples intestines(肠), causing diarrhea(腹泻), vomiting and leg cramps.,Do you know how to prove a new ideain scientif
9、ic research?,seven stages,Make a conclusion Think of a method Collect results Make up a questionFind a problem Analyse the results Repeat if necessary,John Snow defeats “King cholera”,Reading,Do you know what was this map used for in 1854?,Finding out the cause of Cholera.,What happened in 1854?How
10、many people died in 10 days?Why is there no death at No. 20 and 21 Broad Street as well as at No. 8 and 9 Cambridge Street?,Task 1:Skim and Scan,1. What happened in 1854?2. How many people died in 10 days?,Cholera outbreak hit London.,500,3. Why is there no death at No. 20 and 21 Broad Street as wel
11、l as at No. 8 and 9 Cambridge Street?,These families had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump.,Task 2,detailed reading,Read and answer:,Paragraph 1:1 Why couldnt the cholera be under control at first? Neither its cause, not its cure was understood.True or false:1. John Snow was glad to hel
12、p ordinary people. 2. John Snow thought cholera would never be controlled.,T,F,Paragraph 2,Whats the two theories? In your words.Which one is more reasonable?,John Snow finally proved the theory he believed by _. A. gathering information with the help of a map B. looking into the source of the water
13、 for Broad Street and Cambridge Street C. separating those who suffered cholera from those who didnt D. both A and B E. both A and C,Paragraph 3&4,Paragraph 3&4,Whats the result?,He found the cause of cholera was the polluted water.,Paragraph 5,When the cause was found, what did the people do？,Remov
14、e the handle from the water pump so it could not be used.,Paragraph 6,What s the extra evidence?,Two other deaths in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.,Paragraph 7,What are John Snows suggestions?, The source of all water supplies should be examined. New methods of
15、 dealing with polluted water should be found. The water companies were also instructed not to expose people to polluted water anymore.,Whats the main idea of the passage?John Snow was a well-known doctor in London.The cause of Cholera was polluted water.The source of all drinking water should be exa
16、mined.How did John Snow collect, analyze data and find the cause of the disease and solved it .,Task 3,Mind Map of the text,John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”,Paragraph 1: Introduction of John Snow and Cholera,Paragraph 2: Two theory,Find a Problem: What cause the cholera?,Make up a question: Which is
17、 right?,Paragraph 3-6: Study of the breakout in 1854,Paragraph 3: Study of the breakout in 1854,Think of a method: Test two theoryCollect the result: Mark the death,Paragraph 4: Study of the breakout in 1854 Analyse the result: Reason for death and no death,Paragraph 5: Study of the breakout in 1854
18、,Paragraph 6: Study of the breakout in 1854 Repeat if necessary: Find more evidence.Draw a conclusion: Cholera was spread by germ Polluted water carried cholera,Analyse the result: Find the resource of the water,Paragraph 7: Prevention of Cholera John Snow defeat King Cholera,Read the passage again
19、and fill in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _ in London in the _ century. He wanted to find the _ of cholera in order to _ it. In 1854 when a cholera _ out, he began to gather information. He _ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty w
20、ater from the _ died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He suggested that the _ of all water supply be _ and new methods of _ with polluted water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated.,doctor,19th,cause,defeat,broke,marked,pump,source,examined,dealing,(in 5 minutes),Hom
21、ework,Master new words & expressions导与练 P4-P10,Grammar,Grammar,past participle used as the attribute & the predictive,一、过去分词作定语1、单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义。 eg：a lost animal a used stamp an injured finger a broken coin a lighted candle,一只迷路的动物一枚用过的邮票一个受伤的手指一枚破损的硬币一支点燃的蜡烛,注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义。 e.g.：spok
22、en English 英语口语 written exercises 书面练习少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义fallen leaves 落叶 the risen sun 升起来的太阳a returned student 一名留学生 a retired teacher 一名退休教师an escaped prisoner 一名逃跑的囚犯,2、过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和或完成意义。 e.g.：How I regretted the hours wasted in the woods!我多懊悔在树林浪费的时光啊I like wearing clothes made of
23、this kind of cloth我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。e.g.：The books written by Lu Xun are popular鲁迅写的书很受欢迎Well go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。,想一想,什么时候用前置定语？什么时候用后置定语？,单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词前过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面,Practice: Change the following Past Participle into clauses.1） The question
24、discussed was very important.= The question _ was very important.,which had been discussed,注：本句中的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成。,2） The United States is a developed country. = The United Stated is a country _ .,which has developed,注：本句中的过去分词作定语，只表示完成。,3） Have you noticed the bridge being built there?= Have you no
25、ticed the bridge _ there?,which is being built,注：本句中的过去分词作定语，表示被动的动作正在进行。,二、过去分词作表语1、过去分词作表语，表示主语的特点或所处的状态，其前的系动词有包括be在内的多种形式。 e.g.：Everyone present is very inspired at his speech 听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋。 You seem frightened. 你似乎受了惊吓。,系动词,appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, go, grow, keep,look, prove, re
26、main, rest, run,seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn,2、过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构与被动语态的区别： 过去分词作表语，强调特点或状态；而被动语态中，强调动作。 e.g.：This shop is now closed 这家商店现在已经关门了。(状态) This shop is closed at 6 pm everyday 这家商店每天6点关门。(动作）,Practice: Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative.,1. 丢了钱他自责不已。
27、He _ about losing the money.2、你为什么总是看上去很疲劳？这些日子睡得好吗？ Why do you always _ ? Do you sleep well these days?,got blamed,look so tired,3.我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。 I _ the film I saw last night, I had expected it to be better.4.听说那位明星死了，人人都很惊讶。 Everybody _to hear the death of the famous film star,was disappoi
28、nted with,was shocked,5.要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋。 The children _ going to the zoo6.他的伤口感染了一种新病毒. His wound _ a new virus,are really excited about,became/was infected with,Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, _ as 3M. A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known,高考链接,B,解析：答案B。此
29、处考查过去分词作后置定语，3M与know之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动。,2. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded,高考链接,A,解析：答案A。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，disc与record之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示。,3. Dont use words, expressions, or phrases _ only to peopl
30、e with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known,高考链接,D,解析：答案D。know与words，expressions，phrases构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。,4. The flowers _ sweet in the botanical garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt,高考链接,B,解析
31、：答案B。此处为现在分词作定语，修饰flowers。smell为系动词，不能用于被动语态，相当于which/that smells sweet。,现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别,现在分词：主动，正在进行过去分词：被动和或完成,There are 220 children studying in the art school.The experience gained will be of great value to us.,现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别,V-ing 形式表示“令人的”V-ed 形式表示“某人感到的”,The story is interesting.I am interes
32、ted in the story.,语法专练,1. China is _ .a developed countrya country which was developinga developing countrya country which is developed,2. look! A _ woman was coming.,A. beautiful dressed B. dressed beautiful C. beautifully dressed D. dressed beautifully,3. Mr smith, _ of the _ speech, started to re
33、ad a novel.,tired; boring tiring; boredtired; boredtiring; boring,4. After the fight, a caretaker found that a young man _ so he telephoned for an ambulance immediately.,seriously injuredwas injured seriouslywas serious injuredwas seriously injured,5. It is believed that if a book is_, it will surel
34、y _ the reader.,interested; interestinteresting; be interestedinterested; be interesting interesting; interest,6. He held the _ stick high and went on in the dark cave.,litlightedburnt firing,7. We had our picnic lunch in the forest next to a _ tree.,fallenfalling being fallingbeen fallen,8. If the building project _ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.,is completedto be completedbeing completedcompleted,Homework,导与练16-17页语法专练导与练17-18页单项填空,
