1、Book 4 Unit 4 重点单词短语精讲1. represent vt . 代表,象征Mr Wu was chosen to represent the company at the conference. 吴先生被选为该公司出席会议的代表。The dove represents peace. 鸽子象征和平。【拓展】 represe ntative n. 代表;adj. 有代表性的【辨析】 represent / stand for / on behalf of:三者都有“代表” 的意思。represent 和 on behalf of 都有“ 代表某人或某团体”的意思,但是 repres
2、ent 用作谓语,而 on behalf of 只用作表语或状语;stand for 则常用于“符号或缩写代表某一名称 ”之义。如:She represented her fell ow-workers at the union meeting. 她在工会会议上代表她的同事们。Im speaking here on behalf of ou r class. 我代表我们班在这里讲话。WTO stands for World Trade Organization. WTO 代表世界贸易组织。2. approach v. n. (1) vt. vi. 接近,靠近,走近It is not allow
3、ed to approach the forbidden area. 这里是禁区,不许靠近。The May Day is approaching. 五一国际劳动节就要到了。(2) n. U 接近,靠近;C 方法,途径Our approach frightened all the birds away. 我们一靠近,鸟全部受惊飞走了。This is a new approach to teaching language. 这是一种教授语言的新方法。【妙语巧记】 Approach the perfumer (香料商) and you will be perfumed. 近馨者香。【注意】 表示“方
4、法”的词语除了 approach 外,还有 way,但是要表示“做某事的方法”时,approach 后接介词 to,而 way 后接介词 of。3. defend vt.(1) 防御,保卫,为辩护The army defends ou r country against attack. 军队保卫我们的国家以免受攻击。How can you defend the conduct of ki lling animals for pleasure? 你怎么能为杀死动物取乐的行为辩护呢?【拓展】 defence n. 防御, 保卫,辩护;defender n. 辩护人;d efendant n. 被告
5、人;defensive adj. 防御性的;defend oneself 自卫,为自己辩护;defend . against 保卫以免受4. likely adj. 可能的There are two likely explanations. 有两种可能的解释。 (likely 用作定语)Snow showers are likely in the next 24 hours. 未来的 24 小时内可能有阵雪。(likely 用作表语)【注意】 likely 用作表语时,经常被程度副词修饰。very / most likely 意为“很可能” ;less likely 意为 “不太可能” 。【辨
6、析】 likely / possible / probable :三者都是形容词,都表示可能性。从可能性大小来看,likely 最小, possible 稍大,probable 最大。从用法上看,三个词都可以用于 it 用作形式主语的句型“it is likely (possible / probable) that” 中。此外,likely 还可以用于句型“ be likely to”中, possible 还可以用于“it is possible for sb to do”句型中。5. rank n . vt.(1) n. 等级,军衔He was promoted to the rank
7、of captain. 他被提升为上尉。(2) vt. 把 分等,把评级She ranked her students according to their marks. 她按分数排列学生的名次。【拓展】 in the front rank 在前列,名列前茅;of (the) first rank 一流的,头等的;rank first / second 名列第一 / 二。1. In general, though, studying inter-national customs can certainly help avoid difficultie s in to days world o
8、f cultural crossroads! (P26)【归纳】 in general 意为“一般说来、总的说来、通常”等。【延伸】 generally speaking 一般说来;General Secretary 总书记;a general manager 总经理;a general el ection 大选;the general population 总人口。 【易错点】 (1) in general 在句中可以作状语。如:In general the plan is good.(2) 放在复数名词后作定语。如:Children in general, are fond of cand
9、ies.2. The most universal facial expression is, of course, the smileits function is to show happiness and put people at ease. (P 30)【归纳】 at ease 是个固定词组,意思是“处在舒适、自由自在的状态下” 。本句中 put people at ease 意为 “使人自由自在,不拘束” 。【延伸】 with ease (= easily) 熟练地,轻而易举地; be (feel) ill at ease 局促不安,心神不宁;put sb at his ease
10、使某人宽心,使某人感到无拘无束;stand at ease 稍息;take ones ease使自己舒服一下,休息 ,放松;ease oneself 使自己轻松。【易错点】 at ease 的意思是 “安逸地” 、 “安心地” 、 “自在地” (fe eling confiden t or relaxed) ;with ease 的意思是“轻松地” 、 “容易地” ;就使用场合而言,at ease 既可作表语,亦可作状语;with ease 只能作状语。3. There are unhappy smiles, such as when someone “loses face” and smil
11、es to hide it. (P30)【归纳】 lose face 意为“丢脸, 失面子” 。【延伸】 save face 保全面子; make a face / make faces 做鬼脸;in (the) face of 面对;face to face 面对面;face the music 勇于承担责任;be faced with 面临;wear / put on a long face板着脸,哭丧着脸。【易错点】 lose face 与 lose ones face 的意思基本相同,但是 lose heart 与 lose ones heart 的意思不一样,lose heart 灰心,丧气;lose ones heart to . 爱上。