1、SENTENCE EXPLANATIONS1. Burns are called first, second or third degree burns, depending on which layers of the skin are burned. (P34)【分析】本句是一个主从复合句。主句的主干为：主语（Burns）+谓语（are called）+主语补足语（first, second or third degree burns） 。depending on are burned 作状语，其中 which layers of the skin are burned 是由_引导的宾语从
2、句，作 on 的宾语。【句意】根据皮肤烧伤的层次，烧伤分为一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。【仿写】我们可能需要更多的食物，要视有多少人来而定。_2. Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. (P34)【分析】本句是一个主从复合句。主句是祈使句，using scissors if necessary 是动词-ing 形式短语作方式状语，其中 if necessary 是个省略结构，其完整形式为_ 。从句是 unless 引导条件状语从句。unless 意为“除非，如果不” ，相当于 if
3、 . not。【句意】除非依附粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。【仿写】我总是开着窗户睡觉, 除非天气非常冷。_3. For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad. (P34P35)【分析】本句
4、是一个主从复合句。主句是 keep cloths cool by about an hour；until 引导_从句。主句的主干是 keep cloths cool；by 后接三个并列的动词-ing 形式短语 putting . water, squeezing . out 和 placing . area 作_。【句意】对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉，需把湿布放回冷水盆中，拧出水后再放在烧伤面上，这样要反反复复地做一个小时左右，直到不太痛时为止。【仿写】对于这样的伤口，要先用洁净的干绷带包扎伤口处来止血，再用力按住伤口，直至流血停止或救护车到达。_4. If the injuries are
5、second or third degree burns, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once. (P35)【分析】本句是一个主从复合句。主句是 it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once；If 引导条件状语从句。主句中的 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是_。【句意】如果属于二度或三度烧伤，就必须立即把患者送去看医生或送往医院。【仿写】如果你想保持健康，经常锻炼是至关重要的。_Keys:1.【分析】which【仿写】We
6、might need more food depending on how many people come.2.【分析】if it is necessary【仿写】I always sleep with the window open unless it is really cold / if it is not really cold3.【分析】时间状语；宾语【仿写】For wounds like this, stop the bleeding first by covering the wounded area with a dry, clean bandage and apply pressure to it until the bleeding stops or the ambulance arrives.4.【分析】to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.【仿写】If you want to keep healthy, it is vital to take regular exercise.
