1、Unit 4 Pygmalion 单元测试（人教版选修 8，课标通用）(满分：120 分，时间：120 分钟)第一部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分 45 分)第一节 单项填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1When they got there, they found the people suffering the storm were_food and water supplies.Ain need of Bin praise ofCin honor of Din place of解析 句意：他们到那儿时，
2、发现遭受暴风雨的人们需要食物和水。in need of 需要。答案 A2If we all agree to make_with each other when we are in disputes, wars are forever gone and we are surely to live in peace. Aadjustment BcompromiseCpromise Dacquaintance解析 句意：如果我们彼此之间做出妥协和让步。make compromise with 与妥协，符合句意。 答案 B3Good technique in medicine means less
3、pain and fewer deaths and, _it is our duty to master it.Aaltogether BotherwiseChowever Dtherefore解析 考查副词辨析。altogether 总的说来； therefore 因此； otherwise 否则； however 然而。句意：医药方面的好技术意味着减少痛苦和死亡， 因此掌握它是我们的职责。答案 D4On hearing the horrible noise，they all went out and looked at what was happening in_.Aamusement B
4、enjoymentCamazement Dembarrassment解析 in amazement 惊愕地。答案 C5Some can never go above 4,000 meters, because their body is unable to_these extreme conditions.Aadopt to Badjust Cadapt to Dadmire解析 句意：有些人永远不能到达超过 4000 米的地方，因为他们的身体无法调整以适应这种极端状况。adapt to 调整以适应。答案 C6He seems to_one important fact，but no one
5、wants to point it out.Alook down BoverlookCfind out Dset out解析 句意：他似乎忽略了一个重要的事实，但没有人愿意指出来。overlook 忽略。 答案 B7Advertising companies are always having to think up new ways to_products.Adesign Bclassify Cpromote Didentify解析 句意：广告公司一直得想出新办法来促销。 promote products 促进产品销售。答案 C8Her lack of knowledge_her to do
6、 the kind of work that needs strength.Acondemns BmakesCorders Dconducts解析 condemn sb to do sth 某人注定做某事。句意：因为知识贫乏，这注定了她从事力气活。答案 A9She cried her heart out after her husband had passed_.Aby Baway Coff as Don解析 句意：她的丈夫去世后，她痛不欲生。pass away 去世，离世。答案 B10Having had a fight with his girlfriend last week，Tom h
7、esitated_her to the birthday party.Ato inviting Bon invitingCfor invite Dto invite解析 句意：因为上周和女朋友吵架，汤姆不想邀请她去参加生日宴会。hesitate to do sth 不想做某事，犹豫不决做某事。答案 D11The University of Tokyo is the oldest university in Japan and has always been in the lead when it comes to_new challenges.Abe faced BfaceCfacing Df
8、aced解析 句意：东京大学是日本最古老的大学，当面临新的挑战的时候，它总是走在前列。when it comes to 当谈论到的时候，后跟 v.ing。答案 C12He was_upset over her illness.Ahorrible BhorriblyCpossible Dpossibly解析 句意：他为她的病而忧心忡忡。horribly 修饰形容词 upset。答案 B13What he said in the meeting_everybody present.Adisgusted BdismissedCdisposed Ddisgusting解析 句意：他在会议上的话让每个在
9、场的人反感。disgust 使反感；dismiss 开除，解散；dispose 清除，解决。选 A。答案 A14I need to advertise for a roommate for next term._？ Mary is interested.AWhy bother BWhat ifCSo what DWhat for解析 句意：我需要登广告找个下个学期的室友。费那个劲做什么？玛丽对此事感兴趣。why bother 何必那么麻烦； what if 将会如何； so what 那又怎么样；what for为什么。根据语境可知选 A 项。答案 A15_history of the Ame
10、rican South is_history of suffering，also one of hope and success.AA；the BThe；theCA；a DThe；a解析 考查冠词。第一空强调美国南方的历史，用定冠词表特指；第二空表示“一段的历史” ，用不定冠词。答案 D二、完形填空 (共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面两篇短文，掌握大意，然后从 1635 各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。(A)When I was a law professor，a student reported that I made an error
11、in grading his exam by giving him too many points.He was right，and after_16_him for his honesty，I changed the grade in my records.His beaming face turned to shock.“Youre_17_my grade？”he said angrily.“I would never have come in if.”It was obvious that his display of honesty was_18_.He thought hed hav
12、e it allpraise and the higher grade.Several colleagues thought I should have let the higher grade_19_because all Id accomplished was to discourage him from being honest in the future.But I cant see how I could worsen my_20_in grading by undermining(损害)the honesty of all my grades by failing to corre
13、ct an error.The grade itself would be a dishonest_21_of his knowledge and it would have been_22_to other students.I know_23_reporting an error in ones favor is unusual，but，like_24_too much change， its clearly the right thing to do.For people with real honesty，a good conscience and reputation is_25_e
14、nough for the cost of doing the right thing.Perhaps lowering the students grade did_26_him from being honest in the future，but bribing(贿赂)him to be honest so that he does the right thing when its costfree would have_27_him even more.The duty to be honest is about right and wrong，not risks and reward
15、s.16A.apologizing Breplacing Cthanking Dblaming解析 教授认为学生非常诚实，因此将分数改了过来，并因此而表示感激(thanking)。答案 C17A.lowering Bcorrecting Cchanging Dmaking解析 由上下文语境可知，看到自己的分数降低(lowering)了，学生感到生气。 文章最后一段可找到提示。答案 A18A.good Bfalse Cspecial Dimpressive解析 根据上文可知，学生表现出的诚实是虚伪的(false)。答案 B19A.remove Bchange Cstand Dadd解析 几位同事
16、认为，分数不应该改动。stand 意为“保持不变” 。答案 C20A.crime Bmistake Cdoubt Dguilty解析 教授认为，他不能靠不改分数，损毁分数的真实，再去加深这一错误 (mistake)。答案 B21A.reaction Bsense Csign Dreflection解析 假如这样，分数本身就是他的知识方面非真实的反映(reflection)。答案 D22A.unfair Bcruel Ctough Dfunny解析 对其他学生来讲也是不公平的(unfair)。答案 A23A.actively Bsecretly Cvoluntarily Dcuriously解析
17、 主动汇报对个人有利的错误非寻常现象。voluntarily 意为“自愿地” ， 符合句意。答案 C24A.receiving Bpaying Cearning Dreturning解析 然而，像退换(returning)找多的零钱，那也显然是值得做的事情。答案 D25A.pleasure Breward Ccontent Dhonor解析 对于一个真正的诚实者而言，良知和声誉就是对他们正确行为的最好 回报(reward)。答案 B26A.protect Binfluence Cdiscourage Dseparate解析 可能降低学生的分数的确会使得这个学生以后不再诚实。根据上文 all I
18、d accomplished was to discourage him from being honest in the future 可知答 案。答案 C27A.improved Bencouraged Cblamed Druined解析 本来是免费的，假如依靠贿赂，教会了他诚实，才知道怎么做，那他 会被毁掉(ruined)得更为严重。答案 D(B)Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents.Every day they are very busy trying to earn money to pay
19、 the high tuition for my brother and me.They dont act in the_28_ways that I read in books or I see on TV.In their opinion， “I love you” is too_29_for them to say.Sending flowers to each other on Valentines Day is even more out of_30_.One day，my mother was sewing a quilt.I sat down beside her.“Mom，is
20、 there_31_between you and Dad？”I asked her in a very low voice.She didnt answer immediately.She_32_her head and continued to sew the quilt.But at last I heard my mother say the following words：“Susan， ”she said thoughtfully， “Look at this thread.Sometimes it_33_，but most of it disappears in the quil
21、t.The thread really makes the quilt strong and durable.If life is a quilt，then love should be a thread.It can hardly be seen anywhere or anytime，but its really there.Love is_34_.”Once I thought love meant flowers，gifts and_35_.Now I understand that love is inside，making life strong and warm.28A.magi
22、c Bromantic Cfantastic Dattractive解析 他们从未像我在书中读到，或在电视中看到的那样“漫” 。Fantastic 奇异的，怪异的；magic 魔法，有魔力。答案 B29A.simple Beasy Crelaxing Dluxurious解析 从上下文得知，说出“我爱你”是奢侈了，而不是太简单、容易、轻 松。答案 D30A.the question BquestionCreach Dcontrol解析 out of the question 是固定短语，意为“毫无可能” ；out of question 有可能；out of reach(伸手)够不着；out
23、of control 失控。答案 A31A.feeling Blove Cquarrel Dsmile解析 根据上下文，此处指“你和爸爸之间有没有爱情” 。答案 B32A.raised Bshook Cnodded Dbowed解析 因在缝被子，母亲低下头。答案 D33A.happens Bcomes aboutCappears Doccurs解析 由下文的“disappears”得知此处是“appears” 。苏珊，看看这线。有时候，你能看得见，但是大多数都隐藏在被子里。答案 C34A.inside Boutside Cfaraway Dnearby解析 由上句推出：爱是内在的。下文有提示。
24、答案 A35A.fresh roses Bgold ringCsweet kisses Dbeautiful jewelry解析 四个选项中 A、B、D 与前面提到的“鲜花、礼物”同类，只有 C 项 不同类。我曾经认为爱情就是鲜花、礼物和甜蜜的亲吻。答案 C第二部分 阅读理解 (共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。ANext time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when youre doing your ho
25、liday shopping online, make sure youre holding a large glass of iced tea.The physical sensation (感觉) of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John ABargh
26、.Psychologists have known that one persons perception (感知) of anothers “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even trumping evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very
27、early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness.Classic studics by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of w
28、ire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle. Harlows work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills.Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments
29、 appear to be universal.Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm”， or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries.To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth,
30、 Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students. A research assistant who was unaware of the studys hypotheses (假设 )，handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form. The drink was then handed back. Af
31、ter that, the students were asked to rate the personality of“Person A”based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink.“We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly， ” says Bar
32、gh.【语篇解读】 最近的心理学研究发现，人们对“温暖”或者“寒冷”的感受可以改变人们的情感。36According to Paragraph 1, a persons emotion may be affected by_.Athe visitors to his officeBthe psychology lessons he hasChis physical feeling of coldnessDthe things he has bought online解析 细节理解题。由文章第一段的第三句话可知，温暖的感觉激发温暖的情感，而冷饮在手则会阻止你做出不明智的决定，因此可以说一个人的情
33、感可能会受到冷的感觉的影响。答案 B37The author mentions Harlow s experiment to show that_.Aadults should develop social skillsBbabies need warm physical contactCcaregivers should be healthy adultsDmonkeys have social relationships解析 细节理解题。在试验中，猴子喜欢去靠近布制的“妈妈”而不喜欢“金属线”做的“妈妈” 。这使心理学家们强调养育者应该让孩子们多接触一些令人感觉温暖的东西，以帮助孩子们成长
34、为有正常社交技能的健康的成年人，故 B 项正确。答案 B38In Bargh s experiment, the students were asked to_.Aevaluate someones personalityBwrite down their hypothesesCfill out a personal information formDhold coffee and cold drink alternatively解析 细节理解题。由文中倒数第二段中的“After that，the students were asked to rate the personality ofPe
35、rson A based on a particular description.”可知选A。在试验中，学生被要求评价某人的性格。答案 A39We can infer from the passage that_.Aabstract thinking does not come from physical experiencesBfeelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwideCphysical temperature affects how we see othersDcapable persons are often cold to
36、 others解析 推理判断题。全文都在论述人们对“温暖”或“寒冷”的感觉可以影响人们对事物的评价。因此，物理温度会影响我们看待他人的方式。因此选 C。答案 CBChildren start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; theres no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share
37、 your childrens curiosity(好奇 ). Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of sevenyearolds to talk about science as a job.The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling, salary(薪水) and whether I liked my job.When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in sil
38、ence. Finally I said, “Now that were finished with your lists,_do you have questions of your own about science？” After a long pause, a boy raised his hand, “Have you ever seen a grasshopper(蚱蜢) eat? When I try eating leaves like that, I get a stomachache. Why？” This began a set of questions that las
39、ted nearly two hours. Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give
40、more logical(符合逻辑的), complete and creative answers.Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, dont jump in with “Thats right” or “Very good”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior(行为). But in talking about science, quick praise ca
41、n signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying “Thats interesting” or “Id never thought of it that way before”， or coming up with more questions or ideas.Never push a child to “Think”. It doesnt make sense, children are always thinking, without your telling them to. Whats mor
42、e, this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want, in as few words as possible, so that he will be a smaller target(目标) for your disagreement.Lastly, show; dont tell. Reallife impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can
43、learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜),and theyll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸发), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.【语篇解读】 本文阐述
44、了如何激发孩子们对科学的兴趣，以引导孩子们学科学。40. According to the passage, children are natural scientists, and to raise their interest, the most important thing for adults to do is_.Ato let them see the world aroundBto share the childrens curiosityCto explain difficult phrases about scienceDto supply the children with lab equipment解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句中的.share your childrens curiosity可推知答案为 B。
