1、2014-2015 学年高中英语【精品】同步教案（4 ）：Unit4 （人教新课标必修 3）Period 。 (见学案第 5760 页)自我评估。( 见学案第 56页) 1crash vi.& vt.碰撞；坠落；使撞毁 n(汽车的) 撞车事故；(飞机的) 失事；突然发出的巨响Other scientists believe that a comet crashed into the earth long ago and caused the disappearance.(P29)其他科学家认为很久以前一颗彗星与地球相撞导致恐龙灭绝。He witnessed a serious car cras
2、h today.Two cars crashed into each other and let out a loud crash.今天他目睹了一起严重的撞车事故。两辆车撞在了一起，发出了很大的爆裂声。完成句子汽车撞在一块大石头上并燃烧起来。The car_and burst into flames.许多旅客在火车车祸中丧生。A lot of passengers_.【答案】 crashed into a big stone were killed in the train crash2climate n气候，风气，潮Since the last ice age，the climate of
3、the earth has not changed very much.(P 29)自从上一个冰川世纪以来，地球上的气候变化不大。I dont like the moral climate in some countries.有些国家的道德风气我不喜欢。climate/weather词语 词义climate指某个地方长期、平均或固定的气候状况，包括气温、湿度等。可用不定冠词修饰，如 a cold climate 寒冷的气候。weather指一天或一段时间内的晴雨、寒暖变化。不可用不定冠词修饰，如 weather report 天气预报。North China has a mild climat
4、e.中国北部地区气候温和。The weatherman said the weather would be fine tomorrow.天气预报员说明天天气很好。用 climate/weather 填空The climbers reached the top，in spite of bad_conditions.We can sum up the_of Britain as mild winter，cool summer，and rain all the year round.【答案】 weather climate3block out 挡住( 光线)，不去想(回忆)As a result o
5、f this event，a great dust cloud formed in the sky blocking out the sunlight.(P29)正因为这一事件，天空中形成了一团巨大的尘云，挡住了阳光。The heavy curtain blocks out the light.这厚窗帘把光挡住了。block off 封闭；封锁(道路)block ones way 挡住某人的路block up 阻塞；阻挡We found that a big elephant blocked our way.我们发现一头大象挡住了去路。The traffic is very heavy and
6、 has begun to block up the streets.交通量很大，已经开始把街道阻塞了。根据句意用 block 的适当短语填空我们把一块布横挂在窗子上遮住阳光。We put a piece of cloth across the window to_the sunlight.他们用大石头堵住了洞口。They_the entrance to the cave with big rocks.雪阻碍了高速公路上的交通。Snow has_traffic on the motorway.【答案】 block out blocked up blocked off观察下列从 Reading
7、中选取的句子，并说出其引导的从句在主句中充当的成分及引导词的功能。What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down
8、，water began to appear on its surface.It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life.What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.自我总结 1.引导词 what/whether
9、/that 引导的从句在句中均可作主语。2what 引导从句，并在从句中充当表语() 、主语()、宾语( )。3that 引导从句，但在从句中不充当成分，也无意义( )。4whether 引导从句，在从句中不充当成分，但是有“是否 ”的意义()。名词性从句：主语从句在复合句中作主语的从句叫做主语从句。1主语从句的引导词类别 例词 说明从属连词 that， whether两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用；that 无实义， whether 表示“是否” 。连接代词who，what，which，whoever ，whatever 等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。连接副词 when，w
10、here ， how，why 等在从句中作时间、原因、地点、方式状语等成分。Who will do it doesnt matter.( 连接代词 who 在从句中作主语 )谁做这件事都没有关系。What we need is more water.(连接代词 what 在从句中作 need 的宾语)我们需要的是更多的水。2it 作形式主语为保持句子平衡，常把主语从句后置，而用形式主语 it 代替。 it 作形式主语时常用于以下句型：句型 说明It系动词形容词that 从句常用于此句型的形容词有 important，(un)likely， possible，necessary，natural
11、，wrong 等。It系动词名词that 从句常用于此句型的名词有fact，idea，honor，question，pity 等。It系动词过去分词that 从句常用于此句型的分词有known，proved，said，decided，suggested，thought 等。It特殊动词that 从句常用于此句型的动词有 appear，happen，seem，occur等。It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪儿开会并不要紧。It is said that Mr.Green has arrived in Beijin
12、g.据说格林先生已抵达北京。3主语从句中应注意的问题(1)从句的语序要用陈述语序。Whoever leaves the room last is expected to turn off the lights.无论谁最后离开房间都要把灯关掉。(2)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。有时受表语的影响用复数形式。Who has left so many sweets on his table makes him curious.谁在他的桌上留下了那么多糖块令他很好奇。What he wants to read now are some magazines.现在他想读的是一些杂志。(3)从句的
13、时态一般要取决于主句。What made people excited was that the solar ship had completed aroundtheworld trip.让人们激动的是太阳能船已完成了环游世界的旅行。.单项填空1(2013江西高考)_one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.AWhoever B WhateverCWhichever DWherever【解析】 句意：你们当中无论哪一个打破窗户都必须赔偿。此处指从“you” 这一范围中作出选择，故选 C 项，表示“ 无论哪一个” 。【答案】 C2(
14、2013陕西高考)It remains to be seen_the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice.Athat BwhichCwhat Dwhether【解析】 句意：新组建的委员会的政策是否会付诸实施还有待观察。该句包含一个由whether 引导的主语从句“whether the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice”，该主语从句不缺成分，所以排除 B 和 C；由语境中的 remains to be seen 可知， “是否实施新政策”还
15、有待观察，所以此处要用 whether。故选 D。【答案】 D3Was_decided that they should start the project the next week?Ahe BthisCthat Dit【解析】 本句可还原为“It was decided that.”，it 为形式主语， that 引导真正的主语从句。【答案】 D4It matters little_a person dies，but_matters much more is_he lives.Ahow；what ；how Bhow；it；howCwhy；it；why Dwhich；what；that【解析
16、】 句意为“一个人怎么死的不太重要，但重要的是他是如何活着的” 。第一空用 how 引导主语从句，it 作形式主语；第二空 what 引导主语从句；第三空用 how 引导表语从句。【答案】 A5Which topics you are interested in_none of my business._about is the present problem.Ais；What I am concernedBare；What I am concernedCis；What am I concernedDare ；What am I concerned【解析】 which 引导的从句作主语时通常按
17、单数处理，主句谓语应用单数形式，排除B、D 两项；主语从句要用陈述句语序，故选 A 项。【答案】 A6The villagers have already known_well do is to rebuild the bridge.Athis BthatCwhat Dwhich【解析】 句意：村民们已经知道我们要做的事是重修这座桥。分析句子结构可知，known 后的宾语从句中含有一个主语从句，该从句缺少引导词并且从句中 do 缺少宾语，故用what，意为“ 的事情” 。this 不能引导从句；that 在名词性从句中不作句子成分；which强调“哪一个” ，不符合句意。【答案】 C7It r
18、emains to be seen_the plan can be put into practice.It depends on your determination.Awhether BwhereChow Dthat【解析】 It remains.中的 it 是形式主语， “_the plan can be put into practice”是真正的主语，根据句意，空格处应有“是否”的含义，所以选用 whether。【答案】 A8_all the inventions have in common is_they have succeeded.AWhat；what BThat；thatC
19、What；that DThat；what【解析】 句中 is 前面的部分为主语从句，从句中含有 “have.in common”短语，因此前一空格中的词应引导主语从句并作 have 的宾语；后一空格中的连词引导表语从句，从句中succeeded 为不及物动词，因此该连词不充当句子成分。that 引导名词性从句时不在从句中充当句子成分。【答案】 C9_he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.AThat B WhatCWhether DWhere【解析】 句意：文章中他所提及的内容一般读者不知道。此主语从句中
20、referred to 后面明显缺宾语，所以应该选连接代词，故 C、D 项被排除；that 在从句中不充当成分，故选B 项。【答案】 B10It is obvious to the students_they should get well prepared for their future.Aas BwhichCwhether Dthat【解析】 that 引导从句为真正的主语，it 作形式主语。【答案】 D.用适当的连接词完成下列句子1_he got the first prize in the English Contest surprised all of us.2_we will g
21、o to visit Hong Kong in this winter vacation remains unknown.3_will take the place of Mr.Li as our new headmaster hasnt been decided.4_caused the accident to happen hasnt been made clear yet.5_has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.6It is said_Peter will have a chance to travel abroa
22、d next month.7_Liu Yang ate her food in space is_we want to know.8_he found the way home after he lost his way in the deep forest is not clear to us.9_he didnt come yesterday is unknown.10I read about it in some book or other.Does it matter_it was?【答案】 1.That 2.Whether 3.Who 4.What 5.Whoever 6.that
23、7.How ；what 8.How 9.Why 10.wherePeriod Using Language(教师用书独具)教学目标(1)掌握本学案中所给出的词汇，能够理解并能熟练运用。(2)理解课文。(3)听懂课文中所给出的听力材料。(4)能够根据课文中所提出的问题，询问别人的看法和给出自己的看法。(5)用英语写解决问题作文。教学地位学生通过本课的学习，进一步增加天文学方面的知识。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议展示科幻影片中与太空有关的片段，激发学生的兴趣。教学流程设计检查上堂所布置作业。导入新课。学生快速阅读课文(见课本第 3031 页) 并根据学案所设置的问题做出判断。 学生共同讨论。师生统
24、一答案。让学生再次仔细阅读课文，并完成学案中“文本感知”部分。( 见学案第 57 页)学生就学案中的问题相互交换意见。老师指导学生统一答案。学生完成“要点讲练”部分。(见学案第 5759 页) 学生共同讨论，并让学生发表各自见解，最后统一答案。学生完成“情景交际”部分。(见学案第 59 页)自我评估。(见学案第 60 页)学生完成“写作提升”部分。 (见学案第 5960 页)老师指导学生共同找出答案。讲解本单元交际话题，并从高考命题角度来分析本交际话题。让学生做“课时作业” 。老师布置作业：让学生课下做“单元归纳提升”部分(见学案第 6162 页)和 Workbook 第 63 页 Using
25、 words and Expressions 第 1、2、3、4 题。.判断正误阅读 P3031 课文，判断正误1The spaceship cant fall back to the earth because it is too far away from the earth.( )2When I was on the moon I felt I was heavier than I am on the earth.( )3At the very beginning ，the author felt strongest of the gravity of the earth.( )【答案】
26、 1.T 2.F 3.T.语篇理解阅读 P3031 课文，选取最佳答案1The passage is mainly about_.Aan introduction of the moonBthe gravity that I felt on my way to the moonCmy visit to the moon2From the text，we know that the force of the gravity would change_times.A2 B3 C43If a baby is growing on the moon，when he grows up，he will g
27、row_than he is on the earth.Ataller Bshorter Cfatter【答案】 1.C 2.B 3.A1pull nC & vt.拉( 力)；拖；牵引力As the rocket rose into the air，we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earths gravity.(P30)随着火箭升空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。She pulled his sleeve to get his atten
28、tion.她拉拉他的袖子以引起他的注意。He gave a strong pull at the rope.他用力拉了拉绳子。【助记】pull down 摧毁、推翻、拆除pull in 进站停靠；驶向路边(或某处)停靠pull out 离站；(使)摆脱困境pull through 恢复健康；渡过危机pull up 停车；停住The doctor is sure that he will pull through.医生确信他将恢复健康。Has the train pulled in (out)?火车进(出) 站了吗？在下列各句中填入恰当的介词、副词The train has already pu
29、lled_，and the passengers are boarding it now.His home was pulled_by fire.The driver pulled_at the gate of our school.【答案】 in down up2cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋；高兴起来；振奋起来I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.(P31)
30、我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的) 月球越来越大。I wrote that song just to cheer myself up.我写那首歌只是为了让自己高兴。cheer 可用作及物动词或不及物动词，意为“欢呼，喝彩” 。cheer sb.on 为某人加油cheers 干杯(用于祝酒 )；谢谢cheerful adj.令人高兴的；愉快的cheering n欢呼，喝彩 adj.令人振奋的，令人高兴的【提示】 cheerful 多用来形容人的天性热情、快乐或和蔼的举止。The spectators cheered the runners
31、on.那些观众为运动员们加油。The cheerful girl always wears a sweet smile on her face.这个快乐的女孩脸上总是挂着甜甜的笑。填入与 cheer 有关的词及短语这个令人鼓舞的消息使得这个小男孩高兴起来，他的父母也感到高兴。The_news made the boy_，which made his parents_，too.当他将要放弃时我们尽最大努力鼓励他。We did our best to_him_when he was about to give up.【答案】 cheering ；cheerful ；cheer up cheer；on3But when I tried to step forward，I found I was carried twice_as_far_as on the earth and fell over.(P31)而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在
