1、2015-2016 高中英语重庆同步系列导学案（7）：Unit5 Music（人教新课标必修2）He made one big mistake, and_, lost his job.他犯了个大错，结果丢了工作。In San Francisco, four hundred people were killed _the earthquake在旧金山有四百人由于地震而死亡。思维拓展 result 作为动词常与 from 和 in 搭配，注意其含义：result from 因 产生，源自。例如：Nothing has resulted from his efforts. 他的努力终成泡影。The
2、terrible fire _.那次可怕的火灾因他的粗心大意引起。result in 导致，造成。 例如：The accident resulted in three people being killed. 这次事故造成三人死亡。短语as a result 结果，因此as a result of 因为，由于 的结果without result 毫无结果，徒劳with the result that 为此，因此学以至用（1）My friend Tom was very sick with a strange fever; _, he could neither eatnor sleep.Aas
3、 a result Bafter all Cany way Dotherwise解析as a result 表示“ 结果是 ”；after all 表示“毕竟”；anyway 表示“无论如何, 总之”；otherwise 表示 “否则；要不然 ”。根据句子意思，答案为 A。（2 ） Its his laziness that _ his failure in the last exam.A. resulted from B. resulted in C. led into D. brought in解析 result from 因产生，发生； result in 导致，造成；bring in
4、生出、产生或挣得（利润，收入） 。答案为 B。 die out要点导航 die out: disappear completely 灭绝。例如：Many animals have died out in the past在过去几年间，许多动物都灭绝了。This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed. 由于栖息地正受到破坏，这一物种正濒于灭绝。思维拓展 die out, die away, die down, die off 用法辨析：die out “灭绝，消失”。多指物种的灭绝或风俗、习惯的消失，
5、强调动作的结束。例如：This kind of plant has already died out. 这种植物已经绝种。die away something, especially a sound becomes less strong and then comes to a complete stop 慢慢消失。 （多指声音、光线、风等）逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊，逐渐消失。强调过程。例如：The wind had died away by dusk. 黄昏时分风停了。He hid behind the door until the footsteps had died away他一直躲在门后边，
6、直到脚步声（完全）消失。die down （多指火、兴奋、光线、暴风雨等）逐渐变弱、平息，逐渐暗淡，逐渐降低。表示过程，常可与 die away 替换。例如：The flames finally died down.（也可用 die away）火焰越来越小，最后熄灭了。die off （多指家族、草木）相继死去，先后死亡。例如：The leaves of this plant are dying off. 这植物的叶子正在凋落。2. There has been some progress in saving endangered wildlife in China. 中国在挽救濒于灭绝的野生
7、动植物方面已经取得了一些进展。要点导航 endangered adj. 濒危的，濒临灭绝的。是动词 endanger 的过去分词形式，用作分词形容词。例如：The whale is an endangered species.鲸鱼是一种濒于灭绝的动物。你还知道哪些其它濒于灭绝的物种呢？_思维拓展 endanger vt.危害，使受到危险。例如：The health of our children is being endangered by the polluted air.我们孩子们的健康正受到被污染的空气的损害。That one mistake seriously endangered t
8、he future of the company.仅那一个失误就严重地危及了公司的未来。3. loss of bamboo growing areas. 竹子生长区域的丧失。要点导航 loss UC 丧失，遗失；损失；减少，降低。例如：He reported the loss of his car to the police. 他向警察报案他的车丢了。来源: 学优高考网 gkstkHe suffered_ on the business. 那笔生意让他损失了 10000 美元。 思维拓展 lose (lost, lost) vt.迷失；丢掉；失败；损失；迟。例如：She has_ _ _ he
9、r work. 她对工作已经失去了兴趣。He _ _ _in the snowstorm. 他在暴风雪中迷失了路。We lost the match. 我们比赛输了。 My watch hardly loses a second a day. 我的表一天几乎慢不到 1 秒钟。 问题探究 你知道下面这个句子怎样翻译？We were at a loss what to do.提示：我们不知道该怎么办才好。at a loss 是一个固定词组， “困惑，不知所措” 。lost adj. 迷失的；丢失的。=missing=gone丢失的骆驼_ 迷路的小孩_That ship was lost at se
10、a._He was lost in thought._4. about 30 60 after being left in peace with no hunting在确保可以安稳地生活，不允许人们对它们（华南虎）进行捕猎之后，大约生活着 30到 60 只华南虎。这是一个省略句，相当于 There are about 30 60 South China tigers after being left in peace with no hunting.要点导航 in peace 和平地，和睦地，安静地（常与 with 搭配） 。The two communities live together
11、in peace.这两个社区和平相处。They simply cant seem to live _each other. 他们好像就是不能和睦相处。I wish youd leave me in peace-Ive got work to do.我希望你不要打扰我我有工作要做。思维拓展 peaceU 和平；宁静，安静；和睦，和谐。例如：After years of war, the people long for a lasting peace. 历经多年战乱之后，人民渴望永久和平。The countries have been_ for more than a century. 这些国家和
12、平共处已有一个多世纪。She lay back and enjoyed the peace of the summer evening.她轻松地躺着，享受夏日傍晚的宁静。问题探究 你说出 peace 构成的常用短语吗？提示：in peace 和睦的，安详的 at peace 处于和平状态；平静地 make peace 讲和，议和 peace of mind 心境的安宁make peace with sb.与和解 hold ones peace 保持缄默5. Why are they in danger of disappearing? 它们为什么面临消失的危险呢？要点导航 in danger
13、在危险中，病危。in danger of “有 危险”。例如：来源:学优高考网She was sick and in danger.她已病危。His life was in danger=He was_ _ _ losing his life. 他有生命危险。How many workers are in danger of losing their jobs? 有多少工人可能失业？问题探究 下面这两句话有何区别？ 老虎濒临危险（要采取措施保护老虎） 。_ 这是只危险的老虎（即要采取措施预防老虎，以免受其害） 。_Reading1.The chair began to rise. 椅子开始起飞
14、了。要点导航 rise (rose, risen) vi. 上升，起床，增加，增强。例如：The water in the river rose a lot after the rain. 雨后河水涨了许多。They rose from the table. 他们从餐桌旁站起身。His voice rose angrily. 他气得提高了嗓门。The river has_河水上涨了好几英寸。思维拓展 rise 和 raise 用法辨析：rise 是不及物动词，使用较广，可指日月、物价、数量、河水、地位等“升起，增长，上升” ， 还可以指人“起床，起立”等。其过去式、过去分词为 rose/ ri
15、sen。例如：Prices are rising steadily. 物价不断上涨。He has risen to the position of manager. 他已升至经理职位。raise 是及物动词，可用于被动语态。 可以指工资、数量、价格、荣誉、地位等的“提高，举起，抚养，筹募” 。其过去式、过去分词为 raised/raised。He was raised from clerk to manager.他由职员被提升至经理。I plan to _to set up a school.我计划筹募资金建一所学校。问题探究 你会翻译下面这两个句子吗？ Im going to ask for
16、 a rise. A girl came in, with a rose in her hand.两词的变化形式如下：rise _ _ _raise _ _ _2. She turned round and there was an antelope with a sad face looking at her. 她转过身来，看到一头羚羊带着忧郁的神色望着她。要点导航 with a sad face looking at her 是介词 with 后面跟有名词作宾语，其后又跟有动词的 -ing 形式（现在分词）作补语，我们称其为 with 的复合结构。该结构在句中常作方式状语、伴随状语及定语。
17、例如：They shouldnt leave the workshop with the machines still_.在机器还运转着的情况下，他们不应该离开车间。 （伴随状语） We are sure to find her house with the old man_ the way.有那位老人带路，我们一定能找到她的家。 （方式状语）The student with a cap on his head is our monitor. 戴帽子的那个学生是我们的班长。 （定语） 思维拓展 with 的复合结构是一个很常用的结构，作补语的除了是现在分词以外，还可以是形容词、副词、过去分词、
18、介词短语、动词不定式等。例如：The children fell asleep with the window_. 窗子还开着孩子们就睡着了。He left the room with the light still _. 没关灯（灯还亮着）他就离开了房间。With our work finished, we can have a rest. 既然我们的工作做完了，我们可以休息了。The teacher walked into the classroom with a book in his hand. 老师拿着一本书走进了教室。3. Our fur is being used to make
19、 sweaters like yours. 我们的毛被用来制作像你穿的那种毛衣。be being used to do 正在被用来做。是 be used to do 的进行时态形式。要点导航 注意辨别 use(d)构成的常用结构的用法：be used to do sth. 表示“被用来做某事” 。be used as 被用作。例如：The old building is now being_ a store. 那所旧房子现在正被用作仓库。The knife_ _ _ _ pencils. 这把小刀是用来削铅笔的。 used to do sth. 表示 “过去常常做某事” ，指过去经常性的、习惯
20、性的行为或状态，而现在已不复存在，只表示过去，不可指现在或将来。其否定形式为 didnt use to do sth. 或 usednt to do sth.；一般疑问句， 可以把 used 放在句首，或用助动词 did ；反意疑问句的附加问句用 did 或 used。例如：They used not to live in this city. 他们过去不住在这个城市里。 He _so thin. 他以前不这么瘦。Used you to go there? 你过去常常去那儿吗？There used to be a tree here,_ _? 以前这儿有一棵树，是吗？You used to s
21、wim in this river in summer,_ _? 以前你夏天常在这条河里游泳，不是吗？be used to sth./doing sth. 表示“习惯于某事/ 做某事” ，to 是介词，后面跟名词、代词或动名词，但不可跟动词原形。例如：She has been used to the weather here. 她已习惯这儿的天气了。Im used to_ to my office. 我习惯步行去办公室。You will be used to the city life. 你会习惯城市生活的。 问题探究 你知道怎样翻译下面这个句子吗？ You will soon get use
22、d to living in our ways.提示： 你很快会习惯于我们的生活方式的。 be used to sth./doing sth. 中的 be 可以换用 get, become, grow 等连系动词，表示一个慢慢习惯的过程。4. The tour companies applied to be allowed to hunt some for a fee, which made a lot of money for the farmers. 旅游公司申请，希望获准作有偿捕猎，这样农民就可以赚很多钱。which 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句， which 代指前面句子的内容 ,前后
23、两句有因果关系。他昨天上课来晚了，这使老师很生气。_比较：Thats better, but Id like to as the WWF suggests. 这样比较好。不过，我还想按照世界野生动物基金会（WWF）的建议来帮助你们。要点导航 apply vt.vi. 申请，请求。apply to do 申请做apply to sb 向某人提出申请apply (to sb) for sth （向某人）申请I have applied to go abroad for further study. 我已经申请出国深造。I applied to four universities and was a
24、ccepted by all of them.我申请了四所大学，全都录取我了。I want to_ the job. 我想申请这项工作。辨析 apply for, apply to, applyto（1 ） apply for 申请。例如：She is applying for an entrance visa. 她正申请入境签证。（2 ） apply to sth 适用于、运用于 。例如： 来源:学优高考网 gkstkThe principle of diligence and frugality applies to all undertakings.勤俭节约的原则适用于一切事业。The
25、rules of safe driving apply to everyone. 安全驾驶规则适用于每个人。（3 ） applyto 把应用于 。例如：You cant apply this rule to every case. 这个规则并不能适用于所有的情况。思维拓展applicant n. 申请人 an applicant for 申请的人 application n.申请，应征；适用 applied a.应用的，适用的 applied chemistry 应用化学学以至用 He decided to _for a position in the publishing house aft
26、er he graduated from the university.A. apply B. afford C. offer D. find解析apply for 申请;afford 提供, 给予, 供应得起;offer 提供, 出价。答案为 A。5. Thats better, but Id like to help as the WWF suggests. 这样比较好。不过，我还想按照世界野生动物基金会（WWF）的建议来帮助你们。要点导航 suggest vt.建议，提议（所接从句用虚拟语气） 。用法如下：suggest vt.建议，提议（所接从句用虚拟语气） 。（1）suggest +
27、 doing 建议。例如：May I suggest doing it in another way? 我建议换一种方式做这件事如何？（2）suggest sb/sbs doing sth 建议某人做某事（不说 suggest sb to do sth） 。例如：He suggested our going for a walk.他建议我们去散步。我建议李刚今年入党。_（3）suggest sth to sb 向某人提议 。 （不能说 suggest sb sth）例如：They suggested another shop to us. 他们向我们建议了另一家商店。（4 ） suggest
28、(to sb) that-clause (向某人) 建议。 （所接从句用虚拟语气：sb +should+动词原型，should 可以省略）例如：She suggested that we（should）have lunch at the new restaurant. 她建议我们在那家新开的餐馆吃午餐。我建议李刚今年入党。_suggest vt.暗示，表明。（1 ） suggest sth 暗示、表明。例如：That girls sun-tanned face suggests excellent health.那个姑娘被太阳晒黑了的脸表明她身体非常健康。（2）suggest + that-c
29、lause 暗示、表明 。例如：Her expression suggested that he had told a lie 她的表情表明撒了慌。（3）suggest sth to sb 使某人想起 。例如：An idea suggests itself to me. _思维拓展 suggestion, advice, proposal 均作“建议”讲，所接同位语从句和表语从句也要用虚拟语气。例如：My suggestion is that we (should) go to the cinema together. 我建议我们一块儿去看电影。My advice is that you (s
30、hould) stay here for another week.我建议你在这儿再待一个星期。He gave me an suggestion that I should go to Shanghai for a holiday.他建议我明年去上海旅游。学以至用（1）The parents suggested _ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.（2006 上海春招）A. sleep B. to sleep C. sleeping D. having slept解析 sugge
31、st doing sth 建议干某事。答案为 C。(2)Recently quite a lot of experts _ that another law on wildlife protection _ as soon as possible.A. suggested; must be passed B. have suggested; be passedC. were suggesting; was passed D. suggested; being passed解析 suggest (to sb) that-clause 表示 (向某人) 建议时, 后边的从句用虚拟语气,即(shou
32、ld)+动词原型。答案为 B。6. This protects me from mosquitoes. 这样做可以使我免受蚊虫叮咬。要点导航 protectfrom 后接较小的事情或危害，例如：frost, harm, catching cold 等。protectagainst后接较大的事情，如战争、灾害、重税、威胁等。He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.他正戴着太阳镜以免受强烈的阳光的刺激。You must learn to_ the danger. 你必须学会保护自己，免遭危险。思维拓
33、展 keep sb from doing sth, prevent/stop sb (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事keep sb doing sth 使某人一直干某事 defendfrom/against 保卫以抵御辨析 defend, protect, guard 和 preserve。defend 保卫；防护；防守（含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思） 。protect 常含有提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻的意思；guard 含有看守的意思； preserve 指采取措施维护、保护、保存。She had to defend herself against the guard
34、 dog.她不得不防备看门狗咬她。A policeman was guarding the entrance to the embassy.一位警察正看守大使馆出口处。It is one of the duties of the police to preserve public order.警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序。学以至用Put on more clothes so that you can _ yourself _cold.A. prevent, from B. protect, from C. defend, from D. protection, from解析prevent sb
35、 from doing sth 防止某人干某事，意思类似于 stop/keep sb from doing sth；protect sb from sth 保护某人免遭伤害；defend 保卫；防护；防守（含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思） 。答案为 B。7. It contains a powerful drug whish affects mosquitoes. 它含有一种强效的药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。 contain 要点导航 contain vt.包含；能容纳。不能用于进行时态。例如：That box _. 那个箱子里装了那个孩子的玩具。The hall can _. 这座礼堂可以容纳 200
36、0 人。思维拓展 contain 和 include 辨析：contain 指包含者是某物的组成部分。例如：The book contains a lot of illustrations. 这本书中有很多插图。Sea water contains salt. 海水里含有盐。include “包括，包含”。侧重指包含者是整体的一部分。例如： He had included a large number of funny stories in the speech. 他在讲话中加进了许多引人发笑的故事。The United Kingdom includes Northern Ireland an
37、d Wales. 联合王国包括北爱尔兰和威尔士。included 和 including。included 放在被修饰词的后边；including 放在其前。Price $14.90, postage included. 价格 14.90 美元，邮资包括在内。来源:学优高考网We 10 people including Tom,_ _ admitted into this university.包括汤姆在内，我们十人已经被这所大学录取。学以至用His new book which _ 10 chapters _ all the information you need.A. contains;
38、 includes B. including; contains C. includes; contains D. holds; includes解析 include “包括，包含”，侧重指包含者是整体的一部分；contain 指包含者是某物的组成部分。答案为 C。(2) affect 要点导航 affect vt.影响，感动，侵袭。Smoking affected his health greatly. 吸烟极大地影响了他的健康。They were all _. 他们都感动得流泪了。effect n.效果；影响；作用辨析 affect 和 effect 辨析affect 是及物动词，表示“影响， （病）侵袭”，多指不好的影响。当 affect 的宾语是人时，它表示引起心智上或感情上的影响，即“感动”。 effect 表示 “影响”时，是名词，常用于 have an effect on 等短语中。短语have an effect on 对 有影响 in effect 正在实行；实际上 side effect 副作用take effect 开始实行；开始生效 without effect 没有效果 come into effect 生效，实施 bring/carry sth int
