1、第四单元过关检测(时间:90 分钟 满分:120 分)第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分)第一节(共 12 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 30 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项。AMany people will remember the flight of the space shuttle(航天飞机) Challenger,in June,1983.The achievement of Sally Ride,Americas first woman astronaut to fly into space,made this flight
2、 especially memorable.Students from two high schools in New Jersey,however,are likely to remember Norma rather than Sally whenever they think about the flight.Norma didnt travel alone.She brought about 100 companions along with her.Norma was an ant,a queen ant who,with her subject,made up the first
3、ant colony(群体)to travel into space.The ants were part of a science experiment designed by the students to test the effects of weightlessness on insects.The equipment designed by the students for their colony functioned perfectly throughout the long space trip.The young scientists and their teachers
4、were very sad to find that their insect astronauts had all died at some point before the container was returned to the school and opened.The problem did not happen in space,but on the ground after Challenger had landed.The container remained in the desert for nearly a whole week before the ant colon
5、y was moved.Thehot,dry desert air dried out the colonys container and the ants died from lack of water.The project was termed success because it did provide useful information.Students will continue their efforts to find out what went wrong.They will try to prevent the same difficulties from reoccur
6、ring on future missions.They dont want to be discouraged either by the demise of the ants or by the $10,000 shuttle fare they will have to pay to send the next colony of ants into space.1.What does the passage mainly tell us?A.Americas first woman astronaut Sally Ride.B.How to keep ants alive in spa
7、ce.C.How to make equipment for insects in space.D.An experiment with ants in space.解析:通读全文后不难发现这篇文章主要讲用蚂蚁在太空做的实验,故 D 项正确。答案:D2.According to the passage,we know that the underlined word “demise” means “ ”. A.death B.colonyC.insect D.moisture解析:词义猜测题。文章第三、四段提到 ,蚂蚁在太空中没有死掉,却在沙漠中因缺水而死亡,但学生们并没有因为蚂蚁的死亡而气馁
8、,demise 意为“死亡”。答案:A3.The project wasnt a failure because . A.everything went as smoothly as expectedB.the students had exactly found out the reasonC.something important had been learnedD.the students had succeeded in the experiment解析:细节理解题。根据文章末段的“Theprojectwastermedsuccessbecauseitdidprovideusefuli
9、nformation”可知这个项目还是成功了,因为它提供了一些有用的信息,即人们从中了解到了一些事情,故 C 项正确。答案:C4.We can conclude that ants on the next space trip. A.will have to be kept alive in a container full of waterB.will have to be sent into space with the first woman astronautC.should be put into a container where there is enough foodD.sho
10、uld be put into a container which is not too dry解析:推理判断题。文中指出 ,在太空试验中的蚂蚁虽然安全返回了地面,却在沙漠中因容器中缺水而死亡,可见 D 项正确。答案:DBOn July 20,1969,Americans Neil Armstrong and Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin became the first humans to set foot on the moon.It was an important moment in American history.More US missions to the moon
11、followed.Now,two congresswomen want to protect the lunar landing sites by granting them the same protection given to national historical parks.On July 8,a bill called the Apollo Lunar Landing Legacy Act was introduced,which would set up a national park on the moon.The purpose of the act is to protec
12、t the sites for scientific research and to improve public understanding of the Apollo program.Apollo is the name of the spacecraft used by American astronauts between 1969 and 1972.If passed,the bill would protect artifacts,such as footprints and equipment,left behind during the seven Apollo mission
13、s.It would also require the United States to ask the United Nations to name the Apollo 11 landing site as a World Heritage Site.“In the light of other nations and private beings developing or already having developed the ability to go to the moon,the United States must be active in protecting artifa
14、cts left by the seven Apollo lunar landings,” Congresswoman Johnson said in an e-mail message.“This bill will help ensure that this unique aspect of our cultural heritage is preserved.”Some critics say that the bill does not require immediate attention because NASA does not have plans to return to t
15、he moon.Countries like China and Japan have only predicted about sending people there around 2025,but no one knows whether that will happen.Other critics question whether the bill can be carried out and say that it may even break an international treaty.In 1967,the United States and the Soviet Union
16、 agreed that no country could make a claim on the moon.Now,more than 40 years since the last Apollo mission,the Apollo Lunar Landing Legacy Act is making its way through Congress.“I know that it can sound impossible to say that we are going to have a national park on the moon,”said Congresswoman Joh
17、nson.But she believes its important to protect the lunar landing sites.“These are an important reminder of what has made America great and serve as an inspiration for future generations.”5.The bill Apollo Lunar Landing Legacy Act was introduced to . A.celebrate the first landing on the moonB.set up
18、a national park on the moonC.send a manned spacecraft to the moon againD.emphasize the moment in American history解析:细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的 “whichwouldsetupanationalparkonthemoon”可知,该法案的目的是在月球上建立一个国家公园。答案:B6.According to the passage Apollo Lunar Landing Legacy Act . A.is to be presented to the UNB.is part
19、 of the Apollo programC.is cultural heritageD.is meant to preserve artifacts解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Ifpassed,thebillwouldprotectartifacts,suchasfootprintsandequipment,leftbehindduringthesevenApollomissions.”可知 ,D 项正确。答案:D7.Some critics who doubt the bill argue that . A.the bill itself is against an interna
20、tional treatyB.China is sure to send people on the moon around 2025C.the bill should require immediate attentionD.NASA should plan to return to the moon解析:细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Othercriticsquestionwhetherthebillcanbecarriedoutandsaythatitmayevenbreakaninternationaltreaty.”可知,A 项正确。答案:A8.From the last paragr
21、aph we can learn that . A.the bill is going to be passedB.Johnson is confident of the billC.the lunar landing sites will be destroyedD.the landing sites make the American proud解析:推理判断题。从文章的最后一句话可知 ,登月遗址使美国人感到骄傲并且能够激励未来的人。答案:DCEdmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago.He stu
22、died the observations of comets(彗星)which other scientists had made.The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem.He could not figure it out.Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.However,Halley had a friend named Isaac Newton,who was a brilliant mat
23、hematician.Newton thought he had already worked out that problem,but he could not find the papers on which he had done it.He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse (椭圆形 ).Then Halley set to work.He figured out(计算出)the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by
24、scientists.He made a surprising discovery.The comets that had appeared in the years 1531,1607,and 1682 all had the same orbit.Yet their appearance had been 75 to 76 years apart.This seemed very strange to Halley.Three different comets followed the same orbit.The more Halley thought about it,the more
25、 he thought that there had not been three different comets as people thought.He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times.The comet had gone away and had come back again.It was an astonishing idea!Halley felt certain though to make a prediction(预言)of what would happen in the futur
26、e.He decided that this would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halleys prediction could be tested.In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky.Halley did not see it,for he had died some years before.Ever since then that comet had been called Halleys comet,in his honor.9.Halley made h
27、is discovery . A.by doing experimentsB.by means of his own careful observationC.by using the working of other scientistsD.by chance解析:细节理解题。根据文章第一段的 “Hestudiedtheobservationsofcomets(彗星)whichotherscientistshadmade”可知,哈雷的发现是在研究其他科学家们的观察的基础上得出来的。答案:C10.Halley made a surprising,but correct prediction i
28、n the year . A.1704 B.1705C.1706 D.1707解析:推理判断题。文中的“Hedecidedthatthiswouldappearintheyear1758.Therewere53yearstogobeforeHalleyspredictioncouldbetested”这句话告诉我们: 他预言彗星出现的时间是 1758 年,而这个预言还要经过 53 年才能验证,由此可以推断出哈雷做出这个预言的时间是 1705 年。答案:B11.This passage in general is about . A.Halley and other scientistsB.th
29、e orbit of a cometC.Newton and HalleyD.Halley and his discovery解析:主旨大意题。纵观全文 ,不难看出,文章主要讲述哈雷以及他的发现。答案:D12.Which of the following is TRUE?A.Edmund Halley was an American scientist.B.Halley made his discovery by doing experiments.C.Isaac Newton was a famous mathematician.D.The orbit of a comet had the
30、shape of a round.解析:细节理解题。从文章首句可以看出 A 项错误;从第一段可知 B 项也错误;牛顿告诉哈雷,彗星的轨道是椭圆形的,可排除 D 项。答案:C第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 10 分)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Have you heard about leap years?A leap year is a year that has 366 days instead of the usual 365.It normally occurs every four years,always
31、 on an even-numbered year.The extra day is added to our shortest month.That is the second month of the year,which in non-leap years has 28 days,two fewer than any other month. 13 We also call the leap year the bissextile year. 14 In our calendar system there is a need for a leap year because the sol
32、ar year(the time it takes the earth to go around the sun once)is actually slightly more than 365 days long.That extra dayFeb.29 every four yearshelps correct the difference between our calendar and the solar calendar. It is said that the leap year was first made part of the calendar by the ancient R
33、oman leader Julius Caesar.His astronomers had calculated the length of the solar year to be 365 days and six hours.So Caesar declared that an extra day be added to the calendar. 15 However,Caesars adjustment was not completely accurate because his astronomers year exceeded the true solar year by ele
34、ven minutes and fourteen seconds.By 1582,a difference of ten days had developed between the calendar year and the true solar year.To correct this error,Pope Gregory ruled that every fourth year would continue to be a leap year except for century years that could not be divided evenly by 400.By this
35、system,century years such as 1700,1800,and 1900 were not leap years,but the year 2000 was a leap year. 16 People born on Feb 29 celebrate their growing up a little differently from the rest of us.17 But if they go strictly by the calendar,they have only one-fourth as many birthday celebrations as mo
36、st people. A.They acknowledge that they get older each year.B.When you see Feb.29 on a calendar,you know that year is a leap year.C.This is its formal,or scientific title.D.This may seem complicated,but it works.E.In a leap year,the extra day is added to the second month,giving it 29 instead of the
37、usual 28 days.F.The leap year was introduced in the Julian calendar in 46 BC.G.This is done every four years.答案:1317 BCDGA第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节,满分 45 分)第一节 完形填空(共 20 小题 ;每小题 1.5 分,满分 30 分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从 1837 各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项。During World Space Week(October 4-10),you may learn about some of t
38、he spaces myths.Oneis:“The Great Wall of China is the only man-made object 18 from space with the naked eyes.” You might be 19 this claim,but its not true.Infact,astronauts say that the Great Wall is just one of many man-made 20 can be seen from space.From an orbit 217 kilometres 21 the earth,it is
39、22 to see highways,airports,bridges,dams and even large 23 . Cities can even be seen clearly from the International Space Station (ISS,国际空间站), 24 circles about 400 kilometres above the planet.“You can see the 25 pyramids from space with a pair of binoculars(双筒望远镜).They are a little difficult to 26 w
40、ith just your eyes,”said Ed Lu,a US astronaut 27 the ISS. “With binoculars you can also see roads,harbours and even very large 28 in the ocean.From the moon,astronauts cannot 29 any man-made features on the earth and the continents are very hard 30 .On Mars,the earth would appear to the naked eyes a
41、s 31 but a bright star.” So 32 the Great Wall?“You can see the Great Wall from space,”Lusaid.“But its 33 clear than a lot of other objects.You can only see it in radar images, 34 in ordinary photographs.” No one knows who 35 the Great Wall story.The earliest reference to it comes in a book by a US w
42、riter Richard Halliburton,published in 1938.He wrote,“Astronomers say that the Great Wall is the only man-made thing on our planet visible to the human eyes from the moon.” Halliburtons books 36 quite well during the first half of the 20th century.So,if he didnt 37 the story himself,he certainly cou
43、ldnt spread it widely. 18.A.invisible B.visibleC.is visible D.is invisible解析:形容词(短语)做后置定语 ,如用定语从句,则需用关系代词引导。再从意义上判断应为“看得见的”。答案:B19.A.proud of B.pride ofC.against D.for解析:从意义上判断应为“ 你可能会对这种说法感到自豪”。beproudof“为感到自豪”。答案:A20.A.object that B.objectsC.objects all D.objects that解析:前面有 oneof,后面的可数名词应用复数形式。其后又
44、有一个定语从句,that 在从句中做主语。答案:D21.A.on B.underC.across D.above解析:指从太空离地面的垂直距离。答案:D22.A.possible B.impossibleC.unlikely D.interesting解析:从意义上判断应为“ 是可能的”。答案:A23.A.animals B.insectsC.vehicles D.birds解析:从逻辑上判断应为“ 甚至能看到大型的交通工具”。答案:C24.A.that B.whichC.where D.whose解析:此处关系代词引导非限制性定语从句 ,在从句中做主语。答案:B25.A.Egyptian B
45、.EuropeanC.Chinese D.American解析:由后面的 pyramids 来判断应为“埃及的金字塔”。答案:A26.A.find out B.pick upC.pick out D.take up解析:findout“弄清楚 ”;pickup“捡起”;pickout“辨认出”;takeup“拿起”, 由后面的 withjustyoureyes可知,C 项符合句意。答案:C27.A.board B.abroadC.absorb D.aboard解析:此题考查对形近词的辨析 ,aboard 意为“在船( 飞机、车等)上”。答案:D28.A.ships B.housesC.fish
46、 D.seashell解析:此题按逻辑推理来判断 ,应为“ 海洋里的大型船只”。答案:A29.A.break out B.make outC.take out D.hand out解析:makeout“看出来,辨认出”。答案:B30.A.to be seen B.to lookC.to watch D.to see解析:在句型“sth+be+adj.+不定式” 中形容词为 good,bad,hard,difficult 等时,用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。答案:D31.A.something B.nothingC.everything D.anything解析:nothingbut“ 仅仅是
47、, 只有”,相当于 only。答案:B32.A.how is B.as toC.what about D.far is解析:此句有转换话题之意,意为 “长城又是怎么样呢?”答案:C33.A.a lot of less B.a lot moreC.a lot less D.much more解析:从意义和结构上分析,有 “更不清晰”之意,用 alot 表示程度。答案:C34.A.and B.even thoughC.nor D.not解析:从意义上判断应为“ 不像在普通的照片中看到的( 那么清晰)” 。答案:D35.A.first told B.firstly toldC.first spoke
48、 D.first said解析:first“ 最先,最初”;firstly“第一,首先”(列举条目时用) 。另外要注意与 story 搭配的动词应用 tell。答案:A36.A.were sold B.are soldC.sold D.sell解析:sellwell“畅销”, 不用被动语态。即主动结构表示被动意义。答案:C37.A.make B.make upC.make up of D.make out解析:makeup“捏造,编造” 。答案:B第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。In anc
49、ient times,many people believed the earth was a flat disc.Well over 2,000 years ago,the ancient Greek philosophers were able to put forward two good arguments 38. (prove) that it was not.Direct observations of heavenly bodies were the basis of both these 39. (argue). First,the Greeks knew that during eclipses(月食) of the moon,the earth was 40. the sun and the moon,and they 41. (see) that during these eclipses,the earths shadow on the moon was
