1、-,冠词的用法：,什么是“冠”词？,冠词,The woman with a large hat on her head is beautiful.,冠词，顾名思义，就是戴在名词头上的一顶帽子。它是虚词，本身不能单独使用，只能附在一个名词上帮助说明这名词的含义。英语中冠词有两个，一是定冠词（the Definite Article），翻译成“这个”或“这些”；一是不定冠词（the Indefinite Article） 译作“一个”或“一类” 比如：我们说“书” 用“book”是对的，但是，放在一个句子里，如： There is book on the desk.This is book I b
2、ought there.以上两句就是错句,a,the,定语从句,注意“a”和“an” a boy an hour a hero an island a useful tool an honest girl a university an effective method 元音音素发音的词前用“an” _European country There is _”s” in this word. There is _ silent “b” in this word.,a,an,a,不定冠词的基本用法： 1.用来表示“一”这个数量，意思和one差不多 Eg:Rome was not built in
3、a day. The work will be finished in a day or two.,2.也可以用来表示“某一个” This poem was written by a peasant. A nurse is coming to see you. This story happened on a cold winter morning .3.代表一类人或东西 Even a child can answer this question. A horse is a useful animal.,4.在作表语的名词前加不定冠词的情形很多，主要说明某个人或东西属于哪一类。 The man
4、 is an engineer. Is this a book or a magazine? 5.表示“同一” Mary and Rose are of a height. I and she are of an age.,6.表示“像 样的人” He is a Lei Feng in our class. 7.表示“每一”，相当于“every” We have eight classes a day. I go home three times a term.,8.表示“又一，再一”,The cakes are delicious. Hed like to have a fourth one
5、. I would like to a second glass of water, because Im too thirsty.,9,用于一些数词中（或者用 one); a hundred, a thousand,a half-holiday,a third,10,用于表示价钱，速度，比率等的短语中；5 pounds a kilo, 60 kilometres an hour,four times a day.,11,用于感叹句中的可数名词前； What a pretty girl! What an interesting book!,12,. 用在称呼前，含有“我不认识的感觉”A Mr.
6、 Smith is waiting to see you.一位史密斯先生正等着要见您。,13.用在一些固定搭配中和习惯用法中，要注意记忆！,all of a sudden=suddenly as a matter of fact=in fact in a hurry at a time pay a visit to play a trick on have a try play a joke on have a rest take a look Studying English is a must. Its really a bargain.,a kind of a sort of a lot
7、 of=lots of a number of=numbers of a large quantity of=large quantities of a great deal of,It is a pleasure.=Its my pleasure. As a writer, he is a great success. The meeting proves to be a failure. You really gave me a surprise. What a pity/shame!,使用定冠词的场合：,1。特指某些人和物 Beijing is the capital of the PR
8、C. 2。指谈话双方都知道的人和物 Please open the door. 3。指前文中提到的人和事 I met a girl yesterday.The girl is a nurse. 4。用在世界上独一无二的事情或方位的名词前。 The earth moves round the sun.,5.用在play后的西洋乐器名词前,She plays the piano very well, but her sister plays the violin very well. 6.按”日、月、年”等等付款等 This cleaner is paid by the hour. 7.表示“hi
9、t/ catch ”某人的某个部位 She caught me by the arm. He hit his son in the face.,8.用在单数可数名词前，用来表示一类人或事。 The tiger is in danger of dying out. The telephone was invented by Bell. 9.用在序数词和形容词最高级前 He directed the first and also the best film in his country 10.the+adj 表示一类人 The young should help the old. the poor
10、/rich/dead/living/wounded 11用在江河、湖泊、海洋、山脉和群岛的名称前 the Yellow River the Pacific Ocean 12.用在某些由普通名词和其它一些词组成的专有名词前:the Great Wall,13.用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示全家人或这一姓的夫妇二人 the Turners the Greens the Smiths The Lis 14.在某些国名前 the United States the United Kingdom 15.表示朝代和年代的词前 the Ming Dynasty in the 1980s 16.在好多习惯用法中,
11、in the morning/afternoon/evening in the end in the beginning at the end of at the beginning of In the front of in the middle of on the contrary on the other hand In the hope of,不用冠词的场合,1。在专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词前一般不用冠词： This kind of machine is made in China. Glass can be made into bottles. without hesitation
12、/delay/mercy,2.在表示一类人或事物的复数名词前，一般不用冠词 She likes reading stories. They are all teachers. Children like holidays.,3。名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或名词所有格时，不再用冠词 Our country is a socialist one. -Have you any sister? -No,I have no sister. Peters brother is an engineer.,4。在节日、星期、月份、季节等名词前一般不用冠词 但是在中国的传统节日前要用冠词 Nation
13、al Day May Day New Years Day Sunday spring June the Mid-autumn Festival the Spring Festival the Dragon-boat Festival the Lantern Festival,5。担任的头衔、职务的名词在句子中作表语、补语和同位语时，要省略冠词： Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the US. He is chairman of the meeting. Xiao Li,monitor of our class,often helps me.,比
14、较： Water boils at 100C The water in this well has been polluted.I like drinking tea. Long-jing is a wonderful tea.Coffee is served here. Id like three black coffees.Failure is the mother of success. The Asian Games is a great success.,在好多固定搭配中： husband and wife body and soul knife and fork day and n
15、ight after school/class/work go to hospital/work/school/prison in front of at table on foot by car go to town out of question 在三餐饭，球类和棋类游戏名词前,一、单句填空 1. Have you heard _ news that the price of petrol is going up again. (湖南)2. We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving across _ co
16、ntinent. (江苏),the,the,3. My neighbor asked me to go for _ walk, but I dont think Ive got _ energy. (辽宁)4. Its not _ good idea to drive for four hours without _ break. (全国)5. Students should be encouraged to use _ Internet as _ resource. (山东),a,the,a,a,the,a,6. I ate _ sandwich while I was waiting fo
17、r _ 20:08 train. (陕西)7. _ apple fell from the tree and hit him on _ head. (浙江)8. In many places in China, _ bicycle is still_ poplar means of transportation. (重庆),a,the,An,the,the,a,9. I looked under _ bed and found _ book I lost last week. (北京)10. -How about _ Christmas evening party?-I should say
18、it was _ success. (福建)11. Many people have come to realize that they should go on_ balanced diet and make room in their day for exercise. (江西),the,the,the,a,a,12. -Could you tell me the way to_ Johnsons, please? (全国II)-Sorry, we dont have_ Johnson here in the village. 13. Some people fear that air p
19、ollution may bring about changes in _ weather around the world. (2009江西卷) 14. We can never expect _ bluer sky unless we create _ less polluted world. (2009安徽卷),the,a,the,a,a,15. This area experienced _ heaviest rainfall in _ month of May. (2009辽宁卷) 16. In order to find _ better job, he decided to st
20、udy _ second foreign language. (2009四川卷) 17. Lets go to_ cinemathatll take your mind off the problem for_ while. (2009全国I),the,the,a,a,the,a,18. The biggest whale is _ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters longthe height of _ 9-story building. (2009北京卷) 19. What _ pity that you couldnt be th
21、ere to receive_ prize! (2009陕西卷) 20. I dont understand what the engineer means, but Ive got_ rough idea of_ project plan. (2009浙江卷),the,a,a,the,a,the,21. First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _ second chance to make _ first impression. (2010北京卷) 22. The visitors here are g
22、reatly impressed by the fact that people from all walks of life are working hard for _ new Jiangsu. (2010江苏卷) 23. If we sit near _ front of the bus, well have_ better view. (2010山东卷),a,the,a,the,a,24. In most countries, a university degree can give you _ flying start in life. (2010四川卷) 25. It took u
23、s quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was _ three-hour journey. (2010上海卷),a,a,24. In most countries, a university degree can give you _ flying start in life. (2010四川卷) 25. It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was _ three-hour journey. (2010上海卷),a,a,二、语篇填空 AThe
24、re once was a king who offered 1 _ prize to 2_ artist who would paint 3 _ best picture of peace. Many artists tried. The king looked at all 4 _ pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them.,a,the,the,the,One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect m
25、irror for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhead was a blue sky with fluffy white clouds. All who saw this picture thought that it was 5 _ perfect picture of peace.,a,The other picture had mountains, too. But these were rugged(崎岖的) and bare. Above was 6 _ angry sky, from which rain fell and
26、 in which lightning played. Down 7 _ side of the mountain tumbled(翻腾) a foaming(水泡) waterfall. This did not look peaceful at all.,an,the,But when the king looked closely, he saw behind 8 _ waterfall a tiny bush growing in a crack (裂缝)in the rock. In the bush 9_ mother bird had built her nest. There,
27、 in the midst of the rush of angry water, sat the mother bird on her nest - in perfect peace.The king chose 10_ second picture.,the,a,the,goodbye,Thank you very much!,Have a try,Who _ you are talking to is the young fellow?,that,He made the same mistakes again ,_ made his parents very angry. Yesterd
28、ay I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 yuan . Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again. My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for a long time.,which,which,who,whom,注意：如何判断介词,The girl _ whom he had struggled all his life no longer seemed important to him. The ca
29、se which the police are looking _is a trouble.,1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配,for,into,3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配,The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased. This is our classroom ,_ which there is a teachers desk.,at,in the front of,4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词/名词 + of + 关系代词”的结构，如： e.g. The
30、re are 50 students in our class, _have been to Beijing.(其中2/3),two-third of whom,The committee consists of 20 members, _ are women. (其中5个) The book contains 50 poems, _ was written in 1930s. (其中大部分) There are two left, _ is almost finished ,and _ is not quite. (其中一个，另一个) I have a sentence , _ I dont
31、 understand. (句子的意思),5 of whom,most of which,one of which,the other of which,the meaning of which,高考复习指导定语从句中应注意的几个问题,Hello!,5.定语从句和强调句(1) It is in this room _I lived last year.It is the room _I lived last year.(2) It was at seven oclock _he wentto school this morning.It was seven oclock _he went to
32、 school this morning.,that,where,that,when,高考命题导向： 1._is known to everyone, the moon travels round the round the earth once every month. (NMET2001)2.The film brought the hours back to me _I was taken good care of in that far-away village.NMET2001)3.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in t
33、he play,_,of course,made the others unhappy.(NMET2000) 4.Carol said the work would be done by October,_ personally I doubt very much.(NMET99),As,when,which,which,5.After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town_ he grew up as a child. (NMET96)6.The weather turned to be very good,_ was more than we could expect. (NMET94 )7.In the dark street , there was not a single person _ she could turn for help.(NMET 92) 8. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of _hadnt been cleaned for at least a year. (NMET90),where,which,to whom,which,Thank you very much!,
