1、Unit5 Travelling abroad（3）复习非限制性定语从句一、可以引导非限制性定语从句的引导词大 部 分 可 以 引 导 限 制 性 定 语 从 句 的 关 系 词 也 可 以 引 导 非 限 制 性 定 语 从 句 ， 但 是 关 系 代 词that 和 关 系 副 词why 通 常 除 外 。1. 关系代词 which先行词通常是指物的名词或代词，其中先行词还可以是短语或整个句子。The villa, which we saw yesterday, is very beautiful. 我们昨天看的别墅很漂亮。 （which 指代 the villa）Tom was alwa
2、ys late for school, which made his teacher angry.汤姆上学总是迟到，这一点令他的老师很生气。 （which 指代整个主句的内容）2. 关系代词 who,whom 与 whose先行词指人时，who 在引导的非限制性定语从句中作主语，whom 作宾语，whose 作定语。Bobs father, who worked on the project, spent four years in Egypt.鲍勃的父亲从事这项工程，在埃及度过了四年。 （who 作主语）A young man had a new girlfriend, whom he wa
3、nted to impress.一个年轻的小伙子新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下深刻的印象。 （whom 作宾语）I decided to write about Chaplin, one of whose films I had seen several years before.我决定写有关卓别林的文章，他的一部电影我几年前就看过了。 （whose 作定语）3. 关系副词 when 与 where关系副词在所引导的非限制性定语从句中作状语，where 表示地点，when 表示时间。Next month, when youll spend your summer holidays in you
4、r hometown, is approaching.下 个 月 即 将 来 临 ， 届 时 你 们 将 在 家 乡 度 暑 假 。（ when 指 代 表 示 时 间 的 名 词 短 语 next month， 并 作从 句 的 状 语 。）She is going to live in Macao, where she has some close friends.她要到澳门去居住，在那里她有几个密友。 （where 指代表示地点的名词 Macao，并在从句中作状语。 ）4. asas 可以引导非限制性定语从句，常有正如 的意思，所引导的从句既可置于主句之前， 也可置于主句之后。as 多用
5、于固定搭配中：as is known to all 众所周知as has been said before 如前所说as is often the case 情况常常如此as may be imagined 这可以想象得出as has been pointed out 正如已经指出的那样as often happens 这种情况常常发生as is mentioned above 正如上面所提到的As you know, David is a photographer.=David, as you know, is a photographer.= David is a photographer
6、, as you know.戴维是名摄影师，你是知道的。 （as 引导非限制定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。 ）【易混辨析】as 与 which 引导非限制性定语从句时的区别as which指代 指代整个主句所表达的内容既可指代整个主句的内容，又可指代主句中的一部分位置 as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、句中或主句之后which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后意义 常常有正如，正像，关于这一点的含义which 引导的从句常常说明主句的情况，和主句往往有逻辑上的因果关系。which 的意思相当于 and thisAs we know, smoking is harmful to
7、 ones health. 众所周知，吸烟有害健康。 （as 引导定语从句，位于句首，指代整个主句内容）Allen has made much progress in English, which delighted us.艾 伦 英 语 取 得 了 很 大 进 步 ， 这 使 我 们 很 高 兴 。（ which 引 导 定 语 从 句 ， 相 当 于 and this，表 示 因 果 关 系 ）二、非限制性定语从句中的介词+关系代词结构 介 词 +关 系 代 词 既 可 以 用 于 引 导 限 制 性 定 语 从 句 ， 也 可 以 用 于 非 限 制 定 语 从 句 ， 当 先 行词 表
8、 地 点 或 时 间 时 ， 其 还 可 以 与 关 系 副 词 where,when 转 换 。 注 意 ： 在 非 限 制 性 定 语 从 句 中 for which 不 可 以 用 why 代 替 。I still remember January 10th, on which/when he came to see me. 我仍然记得 1 月 10 日，那一天他来看我了。 （on which 引导非限制性定语从句，相当于 when）They thanked Tom, without whose support they would not have succeeded. 他们对汤姆表示
9、了感谢，因为没有他的支持他们就不会成功。 （介词+关系代词+名词引导非限制性定语从句）三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句意 义 起限定作用，指特定的人或物，从句不可省略，否则原句句意不完整仅作补充或说明，若去掉从句，主句意思完整结构要求紧跟先行词，从句与先行词之间不加逗号用逗号与先行词或主句隔开功 能 修饰先行词 修饰先行词或整个主句引导词所有的关系代词及副词 关系代词或关系副词，但是关系代词 that及关系副词 why 除外省略情况关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省去非限制性定语从句的所有关系词均不可省The house, which we bo
10、ught last month, lies in the center of the city. 那套房子位于市中心，是我们上个月买的。 （非限制性定语从句，不表明有多少套房子）The house (which/that) we bought last month lies in the center of the city. 我们上个月买的那套房子位于市中心。 （限制性定语从句，暗含可能有若干套房子之意）1.（2016江苏）Many young people, most _were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their
11、 dreams.A.of which B.of them C.of whom D.of those2.（2016浙江）Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of _has been proved.A.whom B.which C.what D.that3.（2016天津）We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, _the weather may be better.A.that B.where C.which
12、 D.when4.（2016湖南）It is a truly delightful place, _looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.A.as B.where C.that D.which5.（2015四川）The books on the desk, _covers are shiny, are prizes for us.A.which B.what C.whose D.that. 用适当的关系词填空1. Here are player
13、s from Japan, some of _ are our old friends.2. She lives in a small village, _ is only three miles from here.3. She is going to spend the summer holidays in Shanghai, _ she has some friends.4. Well put off the meeting till next week, _ we wont be so busy.5. The sun gives the earth light and heat, _
14、is very important to the living things.6. He was often late, _ made his teacher very angry.7. The ship, _ _ the Europeans sailed to the American continent, was called the Mayflower.8. He has written a book, the name _ _ I have completely forgotten.9. It is a family of 8 children, all _ _ are studyin
15、g music.10. The town, _ _ they came, was in the north of the province. 把下列句子合成一个含有非限制性定语从句的复合句1. He is waiting for his passport. He spent 100 dollars on his passport._2. Cuzoo lies in the south of Peru and it was once known as the City of the Sun._3. My brother, Jim, is working in Paris，and Paris is
16、 the capital of France._4. The poor cat lived through the cold and snowy winter. It was beyond my expectation._5. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year and 80% of them are sold abroad._K 真题1.C【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词是 young people, most 表示他们中的大多数,因此应该使用 most of whom。因为先行词指人 ,不能选择
17、of which。 2.B【解析】考查定语从句。句意 :科学家已经提出了许多关于人类为什么会流泪的理论 ,其中没有一个得到 了证明。该句中的先行词是 many theories,关系词在定语从句中作 of 的宾语,应该用关系代词 which, none of which 共同构成从句的主语 ,故选 B 项。3.D【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知 ,空处在此引导定语从句,先行词为 next week, 且关系词在定 语从句中作时间状语,故用 when。4.D【解析】句意:这实在是一个招人喜欢的地方。它看起来一定和 100 年前一样,有着蜿蜒的街道和美丽的 农舍。先行词是 place,非限制
18、性定语从句缺主语,故选 D。as 引导非限制性定语从句时往往有正如, 就 像的意思。 5.C【解析】考查定语从句。句意 :桌上的书是给我们的奖品 ,这些书的封面是光亮的。定语从句的先行词为 books,它与定语从句的主语是所属关系,所以用关系代词 whose 引导定语从句。K 好题. 用适当的关系词填空1.whom 2.which 3.where 4.when 5.which 6which 7.on which 8.of which 9.of whom 10.from which. 把下列句子合成一个含有非限制性定语从句的复合句1. He is waiting for his passport
19、, on which he spent 100 dollars.2. In the south of Peru lies Cuzco, which was once known as the City of the Sun.3. My brother, Jim, is working in Paris, which is the capital of France.4. The poor cat lived through the cold and snowy winter, which was beyond my expectation.5. The factory produces hal
20、f a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of which are sold abroad.书信往来仍是现代信息社会人际交流的重要手段。私人信件有别于公务信函，主要涉及个人感情、生活、交往、工作、学习等方面的事情。总的来说，英文私人信件并无固定的写法，且属于应用文的范畴，旨在考查学生在实际生活中应用语言的能力。但是书信又不是文学创作，所以在写作时，要注意遵循英语的惯例，比如私人信件的格式和常用语等。1. 称呼：Dear人名；写信给不相识的人时用 DearSir/Madam。2. 正文：信的正文是信函的主体部分，也是做书信类书面表达题时最为重要的部分，
21、写作时要把书信的要点表达清楚，使文章逻辑性强、语言通顺。可以根据需要分为若干个段落。3. 结束语：结束语的第一个词的首字母要大写，结尾用逗号。信函的结束语常用Sincerely(yours), Yours truly, Yours sincerely, Yours faithfully 或 Yours 等。4. 署名：署名写在结束语下面。1. 常用的开头语：Thank you for your letter dated September 1.I havent heard from you for a long time; how are you?Thank you very much for
22、 your letter and the gift you sent me.I have the pleasure/honor to inform/tell you that.I must apologize for not writing to you for so long.I am writing to you.I am excited/ glad/ happy to learn that.2. 常用的正文语有：Although I dont know how to deal with the trouble I have mentioned above, I have been ver
23、y happy recently because I got a chance to.Thats about it; Lets talk about.now.3. 常用的结束语有：I look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.I look forward to seeing you soon/our next meeting/hearing from you.Please write to me when you have time.Please remember me to your family.With best re
24、gards to your family.Please give my love/regards/best wishes to.假定你是李华，下个月你将去英国学习。请给你的笔友 Peter 写信，告诉他你想利用周末时间参加社区志愿活动，以便亲身体验生活。要点如下：1. 表达心情；2. 询问信息；3. 表达愿望。注意：1. 词数 100 左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Peter，How is everything going._Id appreciate your reply soon and I cant wait to s
25、ee you next month.Yours，Li Hua【审题谋篇】体裁 书信话题 志愿活动时态 一般将来时人称 第一、二人称【遣词造句】.词汇1. _ 盼望 2. _ 志愿者工作3. _ 社区 4. _ 指导5. _ 在周末 6. _ 帮助某人某事【答案】 1. look forward to 2. volunteer work 3. community 4. guidance 5. on weekends 6help sb with sth .句式1. I will come to Britain next month and see you finally. Its great.(把
26、这两个句子改成一个复合句)Its great that I will come to Britain next month and see you finally2. Would you kindly tell me what volunteer work I could do in the community close to my school？( 改成 beadj.enoughto do 结构)Would you be kind enough to tell me what volunteer work I could do in the community close to my sc
27、hool?【参考范文】Dear Peter，How is everything goingIt s great that I will come to Britain next month and see you finally. I feel excited and look forward to studying in your country.I heard that we could do some volunteer work as a student there. Would you be kind enough to tell me what volunteer work I c
28、ould do in the community close to my school？And I also want to know if there is any chance for me to it on weekends.I believe your valuable guidance can help with my study in Britain.Id appreciate your reply soon and I cant wait to see you next monthYours，Li Hua单元质量检测(考试时间：90 分钟 试卷满分：120 分)第一部分 阅读理解
29、(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADear Interested Pre-Applicant,On January 4, 2017, The Housing Authority of Cook County (HACC) will begin accepting pre-applications for one(1) bedroom standard and (1) bedroom Uniform Federal Accessibility St
30、andard units(UFAS)at the following Affordable Housing Community.North Suburban Housing215 W. Miner in Arlington Heights, IL&9238 Gross Point Road in Skokie, ILNote: Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards unitsThese apartments are all one bedroom, one bathroom units that include accessible features
31、such as lower cabinets in the kitchen as well as grab bars and a shower seat in the bathroom. These units also have wider doorways for easier access for wheelchairs and walkers and accessible controls for heating and air conditioning as well as the shower set at a height that is easier for a wheelch
32、air user to reach.To qualify for the wait list opening:The head of household or co-head/spouse must be eligible for one of following preferences: a person 62 years of age or older OR a person 18 years of age or older with a disability.The annual income for one person household cannot exceed(超过)$32,3
33、40 and the annual income for a two person household cannot exceed $32,960.Household will be required to pay rent equal up to 30% of their annual income.Please note that the HACC will only accept the first 300 completed pre-applications. Beginning January 4, 2017, Wait List Pre-Applications will be a
34、vailable at the following locations during noted business hours:HACC Wait List & Leasing Department175 West Jackson Blvd., Suite 350 Chicago, IL 60604, Fax (312) 542-4752North Suburban Housing Offices:215W. Miner In Arlington Heights, IL 60005 OR 9238 Gross Point Road in Skokie, IL 60077Business Hours For All Offices:Monday to Friday, 8:30 am to 4:30 PM, Closed WednesdaysImportantIf you or anyone in your household is a person with a disability and requires a specific
