1、UNIT 1 How do you study for a test?一、学习目标学会用英语谈论怎样学习。学会使用 by 短语,并列举出不少于 8 种学习英语的方法。二、知识概览图类别 课程标准要求掌握的内容必备单词名词:pronunciation,mistake,secret,trouble,duty,friendship,development,adult,soldier, psychologist 动词:memorize,frustrate,pronounce ,realize,matter,impress,solve,regard,influence,lose,face 形容词:spe
2、cific ,frustrating ,spoken,unfair ,unimportant 副词:differently,quickly,slowly,easily 连词;unless常考短语 make mistakes, later on, be afraid to, laugh at, look up, deal with, regard.as, be angry with, go by, try ones best, break off, not. at all, take notes, end up, spoken English经典句型1一 How do you study for
3、 a test?一 I study by working with a group. 2Its too hard to understand the voices.3Why dont you join an English language club to practice speaking English?4First of all,it wasnt easy for me to understand the teacher when she talked重点语法1how 引导的特殊疑问句及其答语2现在完成时三、新课导入 四、教材精华SECTION B1.I cant pronounce s
4、ome of the words.有些单词我不会发音。pronounce 为动词,意为“发音”。Please pronounce your words clearly请你把单词的音发清楚。pronounce 的名词形式为 pronunciation“发音”。He speaks English fluently,but his pronunciation is poor他英语讲得很流利,但他的发音不好。拓展动词 名词 动词 名词pronounce pronunciation satisfy satisfactionrepeat repetition decide decisionexplain
5、explanation operate operation2. I cant understand spoken English.我听不懂英语口语。(1)understand 为动词,意为“懂得,明白,理解”,过去式和过去分词都是understood。I understand how you feel我理解你的心情。Do you understand what he said? 你明白他说的话吗?(2)spoken 为 speak 的过去分词转化成的形容词,在句中作定语,修饰 English。许多动词的过去分词可转化为形容词使用,修饰名词,常表示被动意义。spoken English=Engl
6、ish which is spoken by people 英语口语a broken bikea bike that has been broken 一辆坏了的自行车拓展English-speaking 说英语的 spoken English 英语口语America is an English -speaking country美国是个说英语的国家。My spoken English is not too good我的英语口语不是大好。3I make mistakes in grammar.我犯语法错误。make mistakes 是动词短语,意为“犯错,出错”,还可以说 make a mis
7、take。“在某方面犯错误”用 make mistakes in.。Did you make a mistake again? 你又犯错误了吗?I used to make mistakes in spelling我过去常常犯拼写错误。拓展by mistake 由于差错,错误地 mistake.for.错把当成来源:xyzkw.Com中考链接(2010河北)I a mistakePlease dont be angry with meAmake Bmade C. will make Dhad made解析:本题考查一般过去时态。由下句“请不要生我的气”可知“我犯了个错误”,要用一般过去时,故选
8、 B。 答案:B4I read very slowly.我读得非常慢。slowly 为副词,意为“慢地,缓慢地 ”,在句中作状语,修饰动词或句子。She opened the door slowly她慢慢地把门打开了。The sky slowly changed from blue to red天空慢慢地由蓝色变成了红色。辨析:slowly 与 slowslowly 副词,意为“慢地,缓慢地”,更常用,更正式,在句中位置灵活。slow 形容词或副词,意为“慢慢的(地) ”,作副词时,仅限于几种情况:动词之后、与 how 连用、用于复合词中。He nodded slowly他慢慢地点了点头。来源
9、:学优中考网How slow he drives! 他开车开得好慢!read slower 读慢些 slow-moving traffic 缓缓移动的车辆中考链接【2011 陕西】27. When he heard a cry for help, he ran out as as he could. A. hardly B. quickly C. finally D. slowlyB 【解析】考查点:本题考查副词的词义。 hardly “困难的”;quickly “飞快地”;finally “最后地”;slowly “慢慢地” 。 句意为“当听到呼救声的时候,他尽可能快地跑了过去” 。故选B。
10、(2010新疆)Lets do it .We have only three minutes leftAhardly Bslowly Cquickly Dpolitely解析:本题考查副词辨析。hardly 几乎不;slowly 慢地;quickly 快地,迅速地;politely 有礼貌地。由下句“我们仅剩 3 分钟了”知空格处应填 quickly“快速地”。 答案:C(2009湖州中考) Would you mind speaking a little _? I cant follow you.A. quietly B. slowly C. quickly D. politely 【解析】
11、选 B。由关键信息“I cant follow you.” 可知“你说得再慢点儿,好吗?”,故选 B。5. cant get the pronunciation right 不能准确发音getright 的意思是“使正确”“纠正”,这里的 get 为例役动词,right 是形容词,作宾语补足语。这种“get+宾语+ 宾语补足语”的结构通常表示 “使某人/ 某事物处于某种状态或位置”。The work gets everyone tired这份工作使大家都很疲劳。注意这一结构中的宾语补足语还可以是现在分词、过去分词、不定式或介词短语等。Can you get the car started? 你
12、能把这辆汽车发动起来吗?( 过去分词作宾补)You must get the machine running all the time你必须让机器一直运行。(现在分词作宾补 )6Why dont you join an English language club to practice speaking English?你为什么不加入一个英语俱乐部练习说英语呢?(1)Why dont you.?意为“你为什么不呢?”用于说话人向对方提出建议,还可用“Why not+动词原形?”Why dont you go home now?=Why not go home now?你为什么不现在回家呢?(2
13、)join u.参加,加入辨析:join, take part in 与 join injoin 指参加某党派、团体或参军等,并且成为其中的一员。take part in 指参加某项活动(比赛)或在活动中负有责任。join in 指参加某项活动或会议,但多指正在进行的活动。He joined the army last year他去年参军了。Did you take part in the sports meeting yesterday? 你昨天参加运动会了吗?I hope you can join in the discussion我希望你能参加这次讨论。7.I dont have a p
14、artner to practice English with.我没有一个可以一起练习英语的伙伴。本句中,不定式 to practice English with 作 a partner 的后置定语,a partner 又是介词 with 的逻辑宾语,相当于 to practice with him/her,因为重复,故省去 himher,但介词必须保留。I have no pen to write with 我没有可以用来写字的钢笔。8. Fist of all, it wasnt easy for me to understand the teacher when she talked.首
15、先,当老师讲课时,要懂她讲的内容对我来说并不容易。(1)first of all 意思是“首先,第一”,常放在句首,后用逗号与句子隔开,用来强调事情的重要性。First of all,you must study hard首先,你必须努力学习。(2)It +be +adj.(+of/for sb)to do sth 意为“( 对某人来说)做某事是的”。此句型中,it 为形式主语,不定式在句中作真正的主语。It isnt easy for me to learn English well.学好英语对我来说不容易。拓展此结构中用 for 和 of 的区别: 如果形容词描述的是不定式的动作,则形容词
16、后常用 for,如 easy,hard,difficult, interesting,impossible 等词。Its hard for you to do so(不能说: You are hard to do so)这样做对你来说很难。 如果形容词描述的是人的感情或态度,并且当 sb.与形容词构成主谓关系(即逻辑主语)则形容词后应用 of。如 good,kind,nice ,clever,foolish,right 等词。it is very kind of you to help me(=You are very kind to help me)你能帮我真是太好了。9To begin w
17、ith, she spoke too quickly, and I couldnt understand every word.来源:xyzkw.Com开始,她说太快,我不能听懂所有的单词。(1)to begin with 在该句中意为“首先,第一”,相当于 first,常用来列举原因。We cant possibly goTo begin with,its too cold,and besides,we have no money我们是不可能去了。首先,天气太冷,此外我们没有钱。注意begin with 走动词短语,还可表示“以开始”,可与 start with 通用。Programmers
18、 begin with a song节目以一首歌开始。(2)I couldnt understand every word 为部分否定。当 every,all 等表示整体意义的词与 not 连用时,常表示部分否定或半否定。Not everyone can do it well并不是人人都能做好这件事。They dont know all our names他们并不知道我们所有人的名字。辨析:each, all 与 everyeach 指“各个”,以个体为主。all 指“所有”,概括全体。来源 :xyzkw.Comevery 相当于 each and all,不仅指“每个”,而且概括全体。来源:
19、xyzkw.ComThe teacher wants every student to succeedHowever ,each student will find hisown personal road to success老师希望每个学生都能成功,但每个学生都会找到他个人的成功之路。10.Later on, I realized that it doesnt matter if you dont understand every word.后来,我意识到,如果你不能听懂所有的单词也没有关系。(1)这是一个含有 that 引导的宾语从句的复合句,在宾语从句中又含有一个 if 引导的条件状语
20、从句。在这个含有宾语从句的复合句中,主句用的是一般过去时态,而从句却是一般现在时态,这是因为,在宾语从句中,当从句表达的是客观真理、客观事实、概念或不可改变的现象时,从句不受主句限制,即虽然主句用了一般过去时,从句仍然使用一般现在时。The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。(2)later on 意为 “以后,随后 ”,通常在句中作状语,可放在句首,也可放在句末。it will be colder later on以后天会更冷。注意later 作为 late 的比较级,还可表示“过后,后来”,常放
21、在表示数量意义的词的后面。如:many years later 许多年后;two months later 两个月后;some timelater 过些时候。(3)realize 为动词,意为“认识到;了解到”。I havent realized the importance of the article我还没有意识到这篇文章的重要性。The man laughed when he realized what had happened当那位男士意识到发生了什么时,便笑了起来。拓展realize 还可意为“(梦想、愿望等)实现”。I want to realize my dream by stu
22、dying hard我想通过努力学习来实现我的梦想。(4)it doesnt matter没关系不要紧matter 在此处为动词,意为“要紧,有关系”。What docs it matter? 这有什么关系?It doesnt matter to me what you do你做什么对我都无关紧要。matter 还可作名词,意为“事情,要紧”。Its of no matter这无关紧要。 来源: 学优中考网 xyzkw11. I was also afraid to speak in class我还害怕在课堂上发言(1)be afraid to do sth.意为“害怕去做某事”。Im afr
23、aid to travel by plane我害怕乘飞机旅行。Are you afraid to stay at home alone? 你害怕一个人待在家里吗 ?拓展be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事Im afraid of going out alone at night我害怕夜晚独自外出。 be afraid of sb./sth. 害怕某人某物Are you afraid of snakes? 你怕蛇吗?Im afraid+ that 从句,句中 afraid 意为“恐怕,担心”。Im afraid that you are wrong恐怕是你错了。在答语中,肯定
24、回答常用 Im afraid so,否定回答常用 Im afraid not用以有礼貌地表达可能令人不快的信息。一 Have we missed that train? 我们误了那班火车了吗?一 Im afraid so恐怕是误了。一 Do you have any milk? 你有牛奶吗?一 Im afraid not恐怕没有。(2)speak 指说话的能力,常用作不及物动词。作及物动词时宾语为表示语言的名词。He cant speak Japanese他不会讲日语。辨析:speak, talk, say 与 tellspeak 强调开口说话、发言的动作,后跟某种语言作宾语时是及物动词。ta
25、lk 强调双方说话。say 强调说话内容,不接“人”作宾语。tell 接双宾语或复合宾语。一言辨异After she spoke at the meeting,she talked with the students she told them thatwhat she said was very important在会议上发言之后,她跟学生们进行了交谈,并告诉他们她所讲的很重要。12. I couldnt always make complete sentences ,either. 我也不是总能表达出完整的句子。 (1)not always 是部分否定的用法,意为“不一定总未必总 ”。Th
26、ose who have a lot Of money are not always happy有钱人不一定总是幸福的。(2) complete adj. 意为“完全的、完整的”,作定语,修饰 sentences;作动词时意为“完成”。 Its a complete surprise to me这对我来说完全是件意外的事。We will complete the building next month下个月我们就将完成那座建筑物了。(3)either 副词,常置于否定句句末,意为“也”。John doesnt like it and l dont,either,约翰不喜欢它,我也不喜欢。13.
27、I think that doing lots of listening practice is one of the secrets of becoming a good language learner .我认为做大量的听力练习是成为一名好的语言学习者的秘诀之一。(1)本句是一个复合句,that 引导宾语从句。在宾语从句中,动名词短语 doinglots of listening practice 作主语,因此谓语动词用单数。第三个介词 of 后跟becoming a good language learner 作定语修饰 secrets。(2)本句中,secret 为可数名词,意为“机密
28、,秘密,诀窍,秘诀”。How old are you,lady?女士,您多大了?Oh,its a secret哦,保密。14. Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar.我感到非常困难的另一件事是英语语法。本句是含有 that 引导的定语从句的复合句,I found very difficult 修饰主语 another thing。that 是关系代词,代指先行词 another thing,在从句中作 found 的宾语,very difficult 是宾语补足语。The book that the boy
29、is reading is very interesting那个男孩正在读的那本书很有趣。15. So I decided to take lots of grammar notes in every class.因此我决定在每一节课上都做大量的语法笔记。(1)decide 是及物动词,意为“决定,下决心”,在句中的常用结构为:decide sth( 决定某事);decide to do sth(决定做某事) ;decide +that 从句(决定)。I cant decide anything at the moment此刻我不能作出任何决定。 来源:xyzkw.ComHe decided
30、to learn medicine他决定学医。I decided that l would tell you about it.我决定要告诉你那件事。(2)take notes 做笔记,做记录Youd better take notes in class你最好在课堂上做笔记。五、课堂检测.完成 16 的短语并从中选择合适的短语完成 712 的填空1没关系_ 2犯错_ 3嘲笑_4以后,随后_ 5做笔记_ 6害怕去做不敢去做_7Most English 1earners_to talk with foreigners8The sun will come out_.9The girl learns
31、English by _.She often takes down what the teacher says10Dont _the people in troubleWe should give them a hand11Everyone will _in his lifeP1ease correct them 来源:xyzkw.Com12一 Im sorry to trouble you 一_ .单项填空1The children were _When they heard the _newsAexcited ;exciting Bexciting;excited Cexcited; ex
32、cited Dexciting; exciting2My teacher thinks is a great way to learn EnglishAstudy grammar BI study grammarCstudying grammar D. studies grammar3It helps_.Aa 1ot of B1ots of Ca 1ot Da 1ots of4I had trouble _complete sentences at firstAmakes Bmade Cto make Dmaking答案速递1it doesnt matter 2make a mistakemistakes 31augh at 41ater On5take notes 6be afraid to 7are afraid 81ater on 9taking notes101augh at 11make mistakes 12It doesnt matter14 ACCD六、学后反思学(优 中考,网