1、英语九下冀教版 Lesson 14 教材内容详细解析 重点难点详解1. I think it would be fun to have a clonea secret clone.我认为有一个克隆的自己 一个秘密的克隆自己将是非常有趣的。secret 在句中作形容词意为“秘密的” 。Secret 的用法：（1）作形容词1）保密的；只有少数人知道的Dont tell anyone about our plan, its a secret plan. 不要对任何人讲我们的计划，这是一个秘密计划。Someone has stolen the secret formula for the new dr
2、ug. 有人盗走了我们新药的秘密配方。2）秘密的；暗中的；内心里的He has a secret robot.他有一个秘密的机器人。They are making a secret plan in the meeting.他们正在会议室里制定一个秘密的计划。（2）作名词1）秘密，机密This is a secret of our army.这是我们军队的机密。There isnt a secret between her and me.她和我之间没有秘密。2）奥秘，神秘We want to know the secret of nature. 我们想了解自然的奥秘。I hope I can e
3、xplore the secret of the black forest some day.我希望有一天我能探索黑森林的秘密。3）秘诀，诀窍；秘方What is the secret of his success? 他成功的秘诀是什么？Can you tell me the secret about reciting English words.你能告诉我记英语单词的诀窍吗？辨析secret， covert 和 furtivesecret， covert 和 furtive 这三个词都有 “秘密的”意思，但用法不一样。1. secret 系常用词, 指“隐藏某事物以防他人知道或见到的 ”。
4、Theres nothing secret about it. 它没什么秘密的。2. covert 是正式用语, 指“(面目、意义、行动等)隐蔽的、伪装的或不公开的”。This old bridge has a covert danger. 这座旧桥存在隐蔽的危险。3. furtive 指“偷偷摸摸的，鬼鬼祟祟的”。Look! He is furtive in his action 看他的行动鬼鬼祟祟的。2. My clone is a copy of myself. 我的克隆人就是我自己的复制品。copy 在句作名词，意为“复制品” 。copy 的用法：（1） 作名词1）抄本；副本；复制品P
5、lease send a copy of this letter to Mr. Grey. 请把这信的副本送给格雷先生。Do you have a copy of this document? 你有这个文件的副本吗？2） （杂志、图书一次刊行的）部，册，本，份，张Yesterday he bought a copy of the Bible. 昨天他买了一部圣经。Can you give me a copy of the Morning Paper? 你能给我一份晨报吗？3）keep a copy of “留副本”Please keep a copy of that article.请保留那篇
6、文章的副本。Can I keep a copy of this record? 我可以保留这个记录的副本吗？（2）作动词（及物动词或不及物动词）1）抄写，复写，复制I copied the letters into my book. 我把信抄到我的书上。Please help me copy these sayings into my notebook.请帮我把这些谚语抄到我的笔记本上。2）模仿；抄袭Jean always copies the way I dress. 琼总是模仿我穿衣服的样子。You cant copy others answers.你不能照抄他人的答案。3）copy do
7、wn “把抄下来”I have to copy these sentences down from the blackboard.我不得不从黑板上把这些句子抄下来。I want to copy all classmates telephone numbers down.我想抄下所有同学的电话号码抄下来。辨析copy, duplicate 和 modelcopy, duplicate 和 model 都含“复制品”、“抄本”的意思1. copy 系常用词， 指“尽可能近似或精确复制出来的信件、文件或艺术品”。The secretary copied him 4 -pies of the lett
8、er. 秘书给他把信复制了四份。2. duplicate 指“内容、外表或功用完全相同的复制品”。I have a duplicate of my manuscript 我有我的原稿的副本。3. model 指“保持原物形状， 仅按比例缩小原物尺寸的复制品”。On this table you can see a model of the new theatre. 在这张桌上，你可以看到一个新剧院的模型。3. What does Katie mean by “a secret clone”? She means nobody would know about her clone.凯蒂的“一个秘
9、密的克隆人”是什么意思？她的意思是没有人将知道她的克隆人。（1）What do you mean by?意为“意味着，是什么意思”，表示询问某事或话语的原因或含义。其中 mean 作动词，意为“意指，意味着”，by 作介词，其后可接单词、短语或句子，且单词，短语和句子要加上引号。一般情况下也可以和句型 What doesmean?； What is meant by?或 What is the meaning of +?替换。-What do you mean by “intelligent”? = What does “intelligent” mean?=What is meant by
10、“intelligent”?=What is the meaning of “intelligent”? - It means “clever”. “intelligent”是什么意思？它意味着聪明。-What do you mean by “on show”?.= What does “on show” mean?=What is meant by “on show”?=What is the meaning of “on show”? -It means “on display”. “on show”是什么意思？它的意思是展览。（2）mean vt. & vi. “意谓, 想要, 预定；意
11、欲，打算” 。mean 的过去式和过去分词都是 meant. 固定词组：be meant to “必须；得要”You are meant to leave a tip. 你得留下小费。He was meant for to be a doctor. 本来是准备把他培养成为医生的。Money means nothing to her. 她视金钱如粪土。经典考例选择最佳答案。1.What is the meaning_ “decorate the tree”It means “Put up some lights and a star on the tree.A. of B. in C. by D
12、. /解答 固定句型 What is the meaning of +? 意为“意味着 ，是什么意思”。正确答案是：A2. What is _by “foolish”? It means “ silly or stupid”.A. mean B. means C. meaning D. meant解答 固定句型 What is meant by?。正确答案是：D（3）know about “知道 ，了解，听说过”辨析know, know about 和 know of1. know 作及物动词，意为“ 知道, 了解, 认识, 熟悉, 认出, 分辨, 确信”。表示“知道，懂得”的意思时，其后一般
13、接表示事物的名词，从句，不定式复合结构。但它表示“认识，了解，熟悉”的意思时，其后多接表示人的名词或代词，也可接事物名词。主要指“直接地知道、认识、了解某人或某物，对此人/物比较熟悉”。Do you know their names? 你知道他们的名字吗？I got to know him in the autumn of 1963. 我是在 1963 年秋天认识他的。2. know about 意为 “知道 ， 了解, 听说过”，表示对某人/事略有所知，I dont know Mr. Smith but I know about him.我不熟悉史密斯先生，但是我对他略有所知。Do you
14、know about that thing which happened yesterday?你了解昨天发生的那件事吗？3. know of 意为“知道（有），听说”其后可接表示人或事物的名词，指间接地知道某人或某物，对此人/物并不了解，相当于 hear of。How did you come to know of this? 你怎么知道有这事的？I dont know him but I know of him. 我不认识他，但听说过他。4. Thats foolish! I doubt what she says!太愚蠢了！我怀疑她说的话！（1）foolish adj. “愚蠢的，傻的，笨
15、的，鲁莽的” ，相当于 silly 或 stupid，作定语，用来修饰人或物。foolish 的副词是 foolishly, 名词是 foolishness。It was very foolish of you to park the car near the bus stop. 你真愚蠢,竟然把汽车停在公共汽车站附近。He left his home without telling his parents. That is really foolish behavior. 他没有告诉父母就离开了家。那真是一种愚蠢的行为。He took his all money and gave them
16、to that thief foolishly. 他愚蠢地拿出他所有的钱并给了那个贼。He had to apologize for his foolishness. 他不得不为他的愚蠢行为道歉。辨析stupid, foolish 和 sillystupid, foolish 和 silly 这三个词都有“愚蠢的，傻的”之意。但从语气上来说stupidfoolishsilly 1. stupid 指天生迟钝、缺乏正常的智力或理解力、接受能力差，有时也可指由于某种原因而失去正常的反应或感觉，可与另两个词替用，但语气很强，可用于责备或骂人。stupid既可修饰名词作定语又可做表语。Dont be
17、stupid enough to believe him. 别太愚蠢而相信他。He is stupid. 他很傻。2. foolish 常指没有头脑、智力不足、缺乏常识、心理薄弱、没有判断力，指行为时，常指举动愚蠢或思考不周。foolish 既可修饰名词作定语又可做表语。How foolish of her to spend so much time on it. 花如此多的时间在那件事上，是多么的愚蠢。Its foolish to waste the time. 浪费时间是愚蠢的。3. silly 常指头脑简单、不懂世事、明显的愚昧，含有单纯或低能的意味，有时也可指智力正常的人由于随心所欲的
18、说话或做事而显得荒唐可笑，可与 foolish 替用。silly 只可以做修饰名词，但不能做表语。He is a silly boy. 他是一个愚蠢的男孩儿。Dont ask your father so many silly questions. 别问你的爸爸如此多的傻问题。（2）doubt v. “ 怀疑，不信，拿不准” 1) vt. “怀疑，不信，拿不准”，后接宾语从句时, 疑问句和否定句用连词 that, but, but that, 肯定句一般用连接词 whether, if, what, when 等, 如肯定句用 that, 往往表示非常怀疑。I do not doubt (bu
19、t) that he can recite it. 我相信他能把它背下来。Can you doubt that he will win? 你不相信他会获胜吗?I doubt what he said. 我不相信他说的话2）vi. “怀疑”，常与 about 或 of 连用。I do not doubt of your success. 我不怀疑你会成功。Who can doubt your honest behavior? 谁会怀疑你诚实的行为？3）n. “怀疑, 疑惑, 疑问；疑虑, 疑惧”怀疑, 疑惑, 疑问，此时作不可数名词。There is no doubt that he is gu
20、ilty. 毫无疑问，他是有罪的。He has his doubt to this being true. 他怀疑这件事是否属实。常用复数表示“疑虑, 疑惧”。I have (my) doubts about whether he is the best man for the job. 我怀疑他是否是做这项工作的最好人选。I have grave doubts about his ability. 我对他的能力有很大怀疑。经典考例选择最佳答案。1. He is so_, that is he had a quite serious illness when he was a child.A.
21、 stupid B. foolish C. silly D. fool解答 由句意“他小时候得了一次严重疾病是造成他傻的原因” ，是智力不足，所以用foolish。正确答案是：B2. Please dismiss all _ about it.A. doubt B. doubts C. doubting D. to doubt解答 由空前的 all 可知此处应该用名词 doubts, 表示打消所有的疑虑。正确答案是：B5. She would feed my two cats, clean my room and practice my flute.她将喂我的两只猫。打扫我的房间和替我练笛子。
22、（1）feed 意为“喂养” ，它的过去式和过去分词都是 fed。I have fed pigs. I fed them an hour ago. 我已经喂过猪了，一个小时闪喂的。辨析feed, keep 和 raisefeed, keep 和 raise 这三个词都有“饲养，喂养”的意思，但用法不同：1. feed 喂养、饲养，指具体的喂养动作。We feed the birds every day. 我们每天给鸟喂食。 After I am away, please help me feed dogs. 我离开后，请帮我喂狗。2. keep=raise 指抚养人；饲养动物，且抚养（喂养）到
23、大。He made a living by keeping / raising pigs.The child was raised/ kept by his grandma 这孩子是靠他的奶奶养大的。（2）practise vt. “实践, 实行, 实施；实习, 练习, 使练习, 训练”You dont practise enough.你练习不够。Please practice speaking English every day.请每天练习说英语。辨析practice, practice 和 exercisepractise, practice 和 exercise 这三个词都有“练习”之意
24、。但用法不一样。1. practise 作及物动词，意为“实践, 实行, 实施；实习, 练习, 使练习, 训练”，指有规律的练习,特指反复练习,不断练习,其后只能接 v-ing，代词或名词。If you want to be famous, you must practice playing the piano for two hours every day. 如果你想成名，你必须每天练习弹钢琴两个小时。I like playing basketball, I often practise it.我喜欢打篮球，我常常练习它。Mom, I want to practise volleyball.
25、 妈妈我想练习排球。2. practice 既可以作动词也可以作 practise 的名词，作名词时，意为“实行，实践；实习，经验；练习” ，是不可数名词；当它作动词时，它的用法和 practise 相同。We must put our plans into practice. 我们必须将计划付诸实行。Have you had any practice in nursing the sick? 你有护理病人的经验吗？You need more practice before you can play for our team. 在你能为我们队打球前你需要更多的练习。We should prac
26、tice/ practice our spoken English. 我们应该每天练习口语。3. exercise 意为“练习”,一般用语,可指训练,锻炼,操练等。He needs spelling exercise. 他需要拼写练习。Tomorrow will have a field exercise 明天将有一个野外练习。（3）flute 乐器名， “长笛“，表示弹奏乐器时，乐器前均要加上 the 或形容词性的代词, 即 play the/ ones。When she was three years old, she began to play the guitar. 当她三岁时开始练习
27、弹吉它。Chinese people like to play the violin. 中国人喜欢拉小提琴。常见乐器的英文名电吉它 electronic guitar 电贝斯 electronic bass 古典吉它 classical guitar 民谣吉它 folk guitar 电子琴 electronic keyboard 口琴 harmonica 手风琴 accordion 钢琴 piano 竖琴 harp 小提琴 violin 大提琴 cello 钟琴 glockenspiel萨克斯 saxophone 长笛 flute 短笛 piccolo 小手鼓 tambourine 琵琶 C
28、hinese lute 架子鼓 drum 木鼓 log drum 中国大鼓 Chinese drum 长号 trombone 短号 cornet 铙钹 cymbals 铜锣 gong 沙槌 maracas 快板 bamboo clapper 古筝 Chinese zither 口哨 whistle 二胡 Chinese fiddle(urheen) 杨琴 Chinese dulcimer 拨浪鼓 rattle-drum 葫芦丝 Hulusi 6. She would play chess with me. Wouldnt that be great？她将会陪我下棋。那不是很好吗？（1）ches
29、s 象棋，在表示下各类棋和玩各种球类时，所有的棋类名词和球类名词前，均不加任何冠词。Can you play go with me? 你能和我下围棋吗？We play basketball after school every day. 我们每天放学后都打篮球。（2）Wouldnt that be great？此句是一个否定疑问句。表示肯定的意味 “那很好！”Wouldnt this be super? 这不是很棒吗？ 7. Shed better not! The dentist is quite expensive!她最好不去！牙医收费太高！（1）had better 意为“最好” ，常它
30、的简略式“d better”。它用于表示对别人的劝告、建议，表示一种愿望。其用法有以下几点：1）had better 后面必须接动词原形。Youd better go to hospital at once. 你最好立即去医院。She had better practice PingPong every day. 她最好每天练习乒乓球。2）主语不论是第几人称，都要用 had better 的形式。Now you (I, we, you, they, Lucy and Lily) had better listen to the teacher carefully.你（我，我们，你们，他们，露西
31、和莉莉）最好认真听老师讲课。He(She, It, Tom) had better go with you.他（她，它，汤姆）最好和你一起。3）had better 可用于的时态。You had better be quiet. 你最好安静点。Wed better be watching the TV play.我们最好现在就看电视剧。4）had better 的否定式。常用的否定形式是将否定副词 not 直接放在 had better 的后面。You had better not miss the last bus.你最好不要错过末班公共汽车。You had better not leave
32、 for Nanjing the day after tomorrow.后天你最好不要动身去南京。5）had better 的疑问式。Had better 通常不以普通疑问句的形式出现。但有时用于否定疑问句，常用 Hadnt +主语+better?结构，作为一种劝告形式，比肯定形式的语气更婉转一些。Hadnt you better take an umbrella?你不认为应该带一把伞吗？Hadnt you better ask him first? 你不认为应该先问问他吗？6）had better 的反意疑问句附加疑问句部分用 had,它仍然符合“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则。She had
33、better come early, hadnt she? 她最好早点来，好吗？You had better not cry any more, had you?你最好别再哭了，好吗？经典考例选择最佳答案。1.We _here, that baby is sleeping.A. hadnt better B. didnt have better C. havent had better D. had better not解答 had better 的否定形式是直接在 better 的后面加 not。正确答案是：D2. You had better not stay at home, _?A.
34、didnt you B. hadnt you C. did you D. had you解答 had better 的反意疑问句附加疑问句部分用 had,它仍然符合“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则， 因前面有 not，所以用 had you。正确答案是：D（2）quite adv. “相当，完全，十分，彻底” ，它用来修饰形容词或副词。归纳总结fairly, quite, rather, pretty 和 veryfairly, quite, rather, pretty 和 very 这几个词都可表示程度，用法区别如下：1. 含义上的区别：1）fairly 语气最轻，尽管经常与褒义词连用，但由于
35、语气较弱，往往不带明显的恭维或赞赏，通常译为“还算，相当”。This film is fairly good. 这部电影还算可以。（意指还勉强过得去，只是没有否定。）2）quite 语气稍重，意为 “颇，相当”。This film is quite good.这部电影相当不错. （意指虽不是最好，但至少值得看）3）rather 或 pretty 在语气上又稍重一点, 意为“十分，相当”(pretty 不如 rather 正式)。两者均可与褒义或贬义形容词连用。与褒义词连用，表示一种愉快的心情，与贬义(包括不褒不贬)词连用，表示一种不赞成或不满意的心情。This film is rather /
36、 pretty good. 这电影相当不错。（语气比较重，意指要高出一般水平或出乎意料地好）It was a rather difficult question. 这是个相当难的问题。Shut up! You are talking rather too much. 闭嘴！你说得实在太多了。4）very 语气最强，意为“很，非常”。very 多用于褒义形容词前。This film is very good. 这部电影非常好。（意指算得上是精品之作。）这些词语气的轻重可大致描述为:(not) fairly quite rather / pretty very2. 用法上的差别：1）以上各词中，只
37、有 rather 可以与比较级以及副词 too (太) 连用。Its rather warmer today. 今天暖和多了。This one is rather too large. 这个稍大了一点。2）rather 和 quite 有时可直接修饰动词, 而其他几个副词一般不这样用。I quite agree with you. 我完全同意你 (的意见)。We rather like the book. 我们很喜欢这本书。3）rather, quite 与“冠词形容词名词”连用时, 通常置于冠词之前，有时也可放在冠词之后。但遇此类似情况，very 或 fairly 则只能放在冠词之后 (形容
38、词之前)。若此结构中没有形容词，则 quite 和 rather 则只能放在冠词之前。Its quite / rather a good idea.= Its a quite / rather good idea. 那可真是个好主意。It was quite / rather a success. 那事相当成功4）修饰不可分级的形容词(如： right, wrong, ready, full, empty, perfect, impossible, alone, unique 等，通常只用 quite，此时 quite 并不表示“相当，很”，而表示“完全”。Youre quite right
39、(wrong). 你完全正确( 错了)。Thats quite impossible. 那完全不可能。（3）在英语中指价格时，常用“高或低”来修饰，指物品时，常用“贵或贱”来修饰。The prices of these shoes are too high. 这些鞋子的价格真是太高了。The price of this single room is very low. 这间单人间的价格很低。I cant afford to buy this car, its much too expensive.我买不起这辆车 , 它太贵了。This is quiet a cheap bike. 这是一辆很便
40、宜的自行车。经典考例选择最佳答案。1.This is _ a Christmas tree. I like it very much.A. very B. pretty C. rather D. fairly解答 只有 rather 和 quite 可以接冠词+形容词+ 名词。正确答案是：C2. Is your motorbike _? Yes, it only cost 3000yuan.A. high B. low C. expensive D. cheap解答 your motorbike 是物品，形容物品应该用“贵或贱”修饰，再根据后面的句意“是的，只花了 3000 元”可知，那一定是
41、问摩托车是否便宜。正确答案是：D8. I prefer a robot to a clone! 我宁愿要机器人而不要克隆人！prefer A to B，意思是 A 和 B 比较，我宁愿做 A, 而不做 B。prefer 和 to 后接 v-ing 形式。此句型也可以用 prefer to rather than来替换，在此句中 prefer to 和 rather than后接动词原形。也可以用 would rather than句型来替换，would rather 和 than 后的动词用原形。它们用以表达主语的意愿，强调经过选择后做其中一件事，而不愿做另一件事。I prefer swimm
42、ing to running.=I prefer to swim rather than run.=I would rather swim than run.我宁愿跑步，也不愿跑步。I prefer staying at home to going sightseeing.=I prefer to stay at home rather than go sightseeing.=I would rather stay at home than go sightseeing.我宁愿呆在家里，而不愿去观光。经典考例选择最佳答案。1. I prefer _ to_.A. reading, writi
43、ng B. reading, write C. read, writing D. to read, write解答 固定搭配 prefer doing to doing， 意为“宁愿做某事，而不愿做某事” 。正确答案是：A2. She prefers to_ in the school rather than_ home.A. stay , go back B. staying, going back C. to stay, to go back D. stay, to go back解答 固定搭配 would rather do than do，意为“宁愿 而不” 。正确答案是：A9. It
44、s fun because your mother cant tell you apart! 那是非常有趣的因为你的妈妈不能分辨。（1）tell apart 意为“分辨”I cant tell apart the two pairs glasses. 我无法分辨这副眼镜。Can you tell the twin girls apart?你能分辨出这对双胞胎女孩儿吗？（2）类似的词组还有：1）tellfrom “把 和 分开”Can you tell your daughter from these girls, if your eyes are covered? 如果蒙上你的眼睛，你能从这些
45、女孩中辨别出你的女儿吗？Can you tell Tom from his twin brother? 你能把汤姆和他的孪生兄弟分辨开吗 ?2）tell the differences betweenand“说出 和 的不同”Please tell the differences between the two pictures. 请说出这两幅图片中的不同点。（3）tell 常作“告诉”解, 有时含“嘱咐，命令”等义，它的过去式和过去分词都是 told； 除了在tell the truth (讲实话)；tell a lie (说谎 )； tell a story (讲故事) 等外，一般它的后面
46、总是接两个宾语。He told the news to everybody in the classroom. 他把这个消息告诉了教室里的每个人。I hope you can tell me a hero story. 我希望你能给我讲述一个英雄故事。Ten workers were told for special duty. 十名工人被分派去从事特殊任务。经典考例选择最佳答案。1. You must _ the truth. So we can find it.A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk解答 固定词组 tell the truth 意为“讲实话” 。正确
47、答案是：C2. Can you tell red_ green? Of course.A. apart B. from C. between D. of解答 由句意“你能分辨出红和绿吗”可知用 tellfrom “把 和 分开” 。正确答案是：B10. Make up a dialogue with a partner and act it out in front of the class. 同你的同伴编一个对话，并在同学们面前表演一下。（1）make up 意为“编造，虚构” 。She often makes up stories for her young daughter.她常常给她年
48、幼的女儿编故事。The teacher often ask us to make up dialogues in class.老师经常叫我们在课堂上编对话。（2）be made up of 意为“由 组成（构成） ”，强调由部分组成整体，可用于人或物。Our class is made up of 56 students. 我们班由 56 名同学组成。 A computer is made up of many different parts. 电脑由不同的部件组成。 （3）act out “将付诸行动” ，此词是用行动而不是语言。Please ask some people to act out your play. 请叫一些人表演你的戏剧吧。（4）act 的用法：1）作动词 vt. & vi.“扮演, 表演”He acted his part well. 他扮演的那个角色很成功。Many children act in TV shows. 有许多孩子在电视节目中进行表演。vt. & vi. “装作；以自居”He is always acting the
