1、英语八下外研版 Module 8：学案【状语从句讲解及练习题】 状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句， 原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。1. 时间状语从句表达一件事情或一个行为发生的时间(1)时间状语从句常用 when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as 等连词来引导。例如：It was raining hard when I went to school yesterday.While h
2、e was doing his homework, the telephone rang.As he walked along the lake, he sang happily.He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.(2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：Ill ring you up as soon as I get to New York.I will
3、tell him everything when he comes back.He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.(3)在带有 till 或 until 引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到时” ，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到才”, “在以前不”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：The young man read till the light went out.Lets wait until the rain stops.We wont start until
4、Bob comes.Dont get off until the bus stops.2. 条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句通常由 if, unless 引导。例如：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?Dont leave the building unless I tell you to.(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：Ill help you with your English if am free tomorrow.He wont be late unless he is ill.(3)“祈使句 + and
5、(or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：Hurry up, or youll be late.=If you dont hurry up, youll be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam.=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.3. 原因状语从句(1)原因状语从句通常由 because, since, as 引导。例如：He didnt come to school because he was ill.As it is raining, we shall no
6、t go to the zoo.Since you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else.(2)because 表示直接原因，语气最强。 Because 引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由 why 提出的问题，只能用 because。As 和 since 语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由 as 和 since 引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：-Why arent going there?-Because I dont want to.As he has no car, he cant get there easily.Sin
7、ce we have no money, we cant buy it.(3)because 和 so 不能同用在一个句子里。4. 结果状语从句结果状语从句由 sothat, suchthat, so that 引导。例如：He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldnt see it.5. 比较状语从句比较状语从句通常由 asas, 比较级 +
8、 than等连词引导。例如：Tom runs faster than John does.This classroom is as big as that one.6. 目的状语从句(1)目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that 引导。例如：We started early so that we could catch the first train.He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.We used the computer in order that we might save tim
9、e.(2)so that 既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词 can, could, may, might 等。2) 从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句 )Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句)7. 让步状语从句(1)让步状语从句通常由 although, though 等连词引导。例如：Though he is young, he kn
10、ows a lot.Although I am tired, I must go on working.(2)although(though)和 but 不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.应该说：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或 It was raining hard, but he still went out.8. 地点状语从句地点状语从句常常由 where 来引导。例如：Go where you like.Where th
11、ere is a will, there is a way.【实例解析】1. (2004 年北京市海淀区中考试题 )You will stay healthy _ you do more exercise, such as running and walking.A. if B. how C. before D. where答案：A。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看，从句应是一个条件状语从句，在这四个选项中只有 if 能引导条件状语从句，所以选 A。2. (2004 年江西省中考试题)-Shall we go on working?-Yes, _ I prefer to h
12、ave a rest.A. when B. if C. because D. though答案：D。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看，只有选 though才能说得通。3. (2004 年徐州市中考试题)None of us knew what had happened _ they told us about it.A. when B. until C. after D. though答案：B。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词选择。本句的意思是“在以前我们没人知道这件事。 ”要表达着一意思应用“notuntil” 这一句型。4. (2004 年泉州市中考试题)-I hop
13、e youll enjoy your trip, dear!-Thank you, mum. Ill give you a call _ I get there.A. until B. as soon as C. since D. till答案：B。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。本题的意思是“一到那里，我就给你打电话。 ”要表达这个意思应选用 as soon as。一. 单项填空1. _ hes old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. -Do you know if he _
14、to play basket ball with us?-I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow.A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be3. In the zoo if a child _ into the water and cant swim, the dolphins may come up _ him.A. will fall; to help B. falls; to helpC. will fall; help D. falls; hel
15、ping4. I dont remember _ he worked in that city when he was young.A. what B. which C. where D. who5. We will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow.A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The police asked the children _ cross the street _ the traffic lights turned green.A. not; before B
16、. dont; when C. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike.A. when B. that C. until D. because8. Ill go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow.A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was9. In the exam, the _ you are, _ the _ mistakes you will make.A
17、. careful; little B. more careful; fewestC. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less10. You should finish your lessons _ you go out to paly.A. before B. after C. when D. while11. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless12. When you read the book, youd better ma
18、ke a mark _ you have any questions.A. which B. that C. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voice _ all the students could hear him.A. for B. so that C. because D. in order14. He took off his coat _ he felt hot.A. because B. as C. if D. since15. It is _ that wed like to go out for a walk.A. a l
19、ovely day B. too lovely a dayC. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day16. Mary had _ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day.A. such B. so C. too D. very17. _ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if18. _ the day went on, the weather got worse.A
20、. With B. Since C. While D. As19. _ well you can drive, you must drive carefully.A. So long as B. In order thatC. No matter how D. The moment20. Write to me as soon as you _ to Beijing.A. will get B. get C. getting D. got【练习答案】一. 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B
