1、单元质量评估( 一)时间：100 分钟 分数：120 分第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B 、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。AIt is never too early，or too late，to encourage a child to read.With the chill (寒冷 ) of winter upon us，the following is a list of wonderful stories with winter or snow themes.Waiting f
2、or WinterIt was written by Sebastian Meschenmoser.A little squirrel (松鼠) ，who has never seen snow， is determined that he will not miss it this year.He gets the help of his good friends，a bear and a hedgehog， trying to stay awake until they can all see the first snowfall of winter.This book is a wond
3、erful story to read aloud to young children or for older children to read by themselves.The Snowy DayThe Snowy Day by Ezra Jack Keats is a short read，but since its first publication it has been loved by millions.It tells about a beautiful story about the magic and possibility of the first snowfall o
4、f winter，which appeals to young and older children.The Polar ExpressPopularized by the 2004 Warner Brothers alldigital film，The Polar Express was first published in 1985.The hero of this story is a boy who is given the opportunity to receive a gift from Santa himself.A magical train appears outside
5、his bedroom window，taking him away on a fantastic journey to the North Pole.Mr Willowbys Christmas TreeIt was written by Robert E Barry.Mr Willowby orders a lovely new Christmas tree，and when it is delivered to his home he finds it far too tall.He has the top of the tree cut off in order to make it
6、just the right height.This book follows the treetop on its journey through the forest，where it brings the joy of the holidays for some woodland creatures.This book teaches us a valuable lesson about the joy of giving，and happiness that it can bring to the hearts of recipients (接受者) 【语篇解读】 本文为应用文，主要介
7、绍了四本适合儿童阅读的、与严寒和风雪有关的书籍。1Waiting for Winter and The Snowy Day are similar in that _Athey are intended for older children and adultsB they are centred around the first snowfall of winterCthey are short novels and are loved by millionsDthey are fairy tales about talking animals解析：细节理解题。根据第一本书的介绍的第三句“H
8、e gets the help of his good friends，a bear and a hedgehog，trying to stay awake until they can all see the first snowfall of winter.”和第二本书的介绍的第二句“It tells about a beautiful story about the magic and possibility of the first snowfall of winter.”可知，这两本书都与冬天的第一场雪有关。答案：B2Which of the following was made i
9、nto a popular film?AWaiting for Winter.B The Snowy Day.CThe Polar Express.DMr Willowbys Christmas Tree.解析：细节理解题。根据第三本书的介绍的第一句“Popularized by the 2004 Warner Brothers alldigital film.”可知 The Polar Express 已被拍摄成电影，故选 C。答案：C3What can we learn about Mr Willowbys Christmas Tree?AIt tells us giving can br
10、ing pleasure for us.B It was written by Sebastian Meschenmoser.CIt tells about a boys journey through the forest.DIt tells us Mr Willowby received a magic gift from Santa.解析：细节理解题。从第四本书的介绍的最后一句“This book teaches us a valuable lesson about the joy of giving，and happiness that it can bring to the hear
11、ts of recipients.”可知，付出和给予能给我们带来幸福感。答案：ABWe all have our ways of marking time.As a photographer，my life is measured from one story to the next.My eldest son was born in the middle of a long story about the Endangered Species Act.My daughter came along with a pack of gray wolves.Twenty stories later，
12、though，its the story in Alaska that Ill remember best.It was the story about the loss of wildernessand the story during which my wife Kathy got cancer.Thats the one that made time stand still.I stopped taking pictures on the day when she found that tumor (肿瘤)Cruelly，it was Thanksgiving.By Christmas，
13、she had become very weak.Some days she was so sick that she couldnt watch TV.Early examination saves time.But ours was not early.By the time you can feel the tumor yourself，its often bigger than the doctor wants it to be.Cancer is a thief.It steals time.Our days are already short with worry.Then com
14、es this terrible disease.But cancer also has the power to change us，for good.We learn to simplify，enjoying what we have instead of feeling sorry for what we dont.Cancer even made me a better father.My work had made me a stranger to my three kids.But now I pay attention to what really matters.This is
15、 not a race.This is a new way of life and new way of seeing，all from the cancer.In the end each of us has so little time.We have less of it than we can possibly imagine.And even though it turns out that Kathys cancer has not spread，and her prognosis (预断) is good.We try to make it all count now，enjoy
16、ing every part of every day.Ive picked up my camera again.I watch the sky，searching for beautiful light.When winter storms come，Kathy and I gather our children and take the time to catch snowflakes (雪花) on our tongues.After all，this is good.This is what were living for.【语篇解读】 文章介绍作者为了摄影忽略了家人，不幸的是，他的
17、妻子得了癌症，为了多陪陪她，作者放弃了摄影。癌症给作者带来的最大的改变是他懂得了珍惜和家人在一起的点滴时间，学会了享受生活。4. As a photographer，the author used to _Adevote much more to his career than his familyB express his love for his family in a special wayCmiss a great many important historical momentsDleave his daughter with a pack of gray wolves解析：细节理解
18、题。根据第四段中的“My work had made me a stranger to my three kids.But now I pay attention to what really matters.”可知，作者过去将更多的精力投入到了工作中而不是家里。答案：A5Why did the author decide to stop taking pictures?ATo cure his own disease.B To seek a better position.CTo spend more time with his wife.DTo leave the wildness alo
19、ne.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“.and the story during which my wife Kathy got cancer.Thats the one that made time stand still.I stopped taking pictures on the day when she found that tumor.”可知，作者停止拍照是因为他的妻子得了癌症，他想多陪陪她。答案：C6What is the biggest change the cancer has brought to the author?AHe focuses more on medic
20、al care.B He has become a stranger to his children.CHe takes his work more seriously.DHe treasured every bit of time with his family.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“But cancer also has the power to change us，for good.We learn to simplify，enjoying what we have instead of feeling sorry for what we dont.Cancer even m
21、ade me a better father.”可知，癌症给作者带来的最大的改变是他学会了珍惜和家人在一起的点滴时间。答案：D7The author and his family catch snowflakes on their tongues probably because _Athe snowflakes taste very goodB they regard that as a way to enjoy lifeCsnowflakes are what they feed onDthere is beautiful light in the snowflakes解析：推理判断题。根
22、据文章最后两句“After all，this is good.This is what were living for.”可知，作者和家人一起用舌头捕捉雪花，因为他们觉得这是享受生活的一种方式。答案：BCA newlypublished study has shown that loneliness can spread from one person to another，like a disease.Researchers used information from the Framingham Heart Study，which began in 1948.The Framingham
23、study gathers information about physical and mental health，personal behaviour and diet.At first，the study involved about 5，000 people in the American state of Massachusetts.Now，more than 12，000 individuals are taking part.Information from the Framingham study showed earlier that happiness can spread
24、 from person to person.So can behaviours like littering and the ability to stop smoking.John Cacioppo，a psychologist in the University of Chicago，led the recent study.He and other researchers attempted to show how often people felt lonely.They found that the feeling of loneliness spread through soci
25、al groups.Having a social connection with a lonely person increased the chances that another individual would feel lonely.In fact，a friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness.A friend of that person was 25% more likely.The researchers say this shows that a person
26、 could indirectly be affected by someones loneliness.The effect was strongest among friends.Neighbours were the second most affected group.The effect was weaker on husbands and wives，and brothers and sisters.The researchers also found that loneliness spread more easily among women than men.The New Y
27、ork Times reports that，on average，people experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year and that every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about 5%，or two and a half fewer lonely days.Loneliness has been linked to health problems like depression and sleeping difficulties.The researc
28、hers believe that knowing the causes of loneliness could help in reducing it.The study suggests that people can take steps to stop the spread of loneliness.They can do this by helping individuals they know who may be experiencing loneliness.The result can be helpful to the whole social group.【语篇解读】
29、孤独具有“传染性” ，会通过人际交往传播，且“朋友圈”的变化比“家庭圈”的变化更容易引发孤独。找出孤独蔓延的原因将对社会有利。8What is true about the Framingham study?AIt was only conducted in 1948.B It involves more than 12，000 participants.CIt was led by John Cacioppo.DIt showed that any behaviour could spread.解析：细节判断题。由第二段中的最后一句“Now，more than 12，000 individu
30、als are taking part.”可知这个实验现在仍在进行，所以 A 项错误，B 项正确；由第四段第一句可知 C 项错误；并非所有的行为都会传播，D 项错误。答案：B9From the passage，we can learn that _Athe habit of littering doesnt spreadB a lonely person wont have friendsCeveryone may be affected by others lonelinessDlonely people dont know the cause of their loneliness解析：推
31、理判断题。由第五段中的最后一句“The researchers say this shows that a person could indirectly be affected by someones loneliness.”可知 C 项正确。答案：C10If you make 10 more friends in a year，the days of your feeling loneliness will be reduced by _A48 days B25 daysC20 days D15 days解析：细节理解题。根据第七段的描述可知， 纽约时报报道说人一年平均有 48 天会感到孤
32、独，而且多一个朋友，人的孤独感就会降低约 5%或减少两天半，那么多 10 个朋友就能减少约 25 天。答案：B11What is the main idea of the passage?AAction should be taken to help lonely people.B People feel lonely for many reasons.CWays to fight against loneliness.DLonely people can affect others.解析：主旨大意题。文章主要讲的是孤独会传染，孤独的人会使别人也感到孤独。答案：DDPaul Salopek i
33、s an oldfashioned explorer，setting out on foot to circle the world.He is also a modernday explorer.On_top_of a few clothes，a small firstaid kit and notebooks，he is carrying a recorder，a video camera，a small computer and a satellite phonea telephone that connects to a satellite and can be used in man
34、y places where cell phones dont work.The journey is 21，000 miles! It will take seven years to complete it.Salopek was born in California and spent his childhood in Mexico.He said he liked to travel and didnt like to rush.At the age of fourteen， he climbed Mount Whitney in California and crossed the
35、states Sierra Nevada Mountains alone.When he was fifteen years old， he walked the length of Death Valley.He once rode a mule 2，000 miles through mountains in Mexico.As a longtime reporter，Salopek has reported from Africa，Asia and Mexico.Now 51 years old，he plans to keep writing.As he travels around
36、the world，he is writing stories about the people he meets and the way they live.He looks for how people find local solutions to big problems such as lack of food and water.He also records the sounds he hears and takes photos of the sky and the Earths surface.The long walk started in the Rife Valley
37、in Ethiopia in East Africa.Many consider East Africa to be home to the first humans，who lived 160， 000 years ago.Salopek is retracing the paths our ancestors took as they left Africa and settled in parts of the Middle East，Europe ，Asia and the Americas.As Salopek is walking，he is learning more about
38、 himself and all of humankind.【语篇解读】 本文为记叙文。主要介绍了作为记者的萨洛佩克的旅游探险经历。12. The underlined phrase “on top of” in the first paragraph can be replaced by _Ain addition to Bin the light ofCin reference to Din the service of解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段“On top of a few clothes，a small first aid kit and notebooks，he is carrying a recorder，a video camera，a small computer and a satellite phone”可知，一位探险家外出探险，应该随身带上一些衣物、急救箱和笔记本外，还需要带上录音机、摄像机、小型电脑以及卫星电话等，故 on top of 可以被 in addition to 替代，意为 “除之外” 。答案：A
