1、1.however weak we are, we are not completely powerless.gkstk 名师剖析（1 ） however weak we are 是让步状语从句。However 意为“ 不管怎样”，在语义上相当于“no matter how”。（2 ） “no matter +疑问词”和“疑问词+-ever”都意为“无论 ”，都可以用来引导让步状语从句，但后者（如：whoever, whatever, whenever 等）还可用于引导名词性从句。【例句】He will never succeed however hard he tries.=he will
2、never succeed no matter how hard he tries.I will give the book to whoever wants it. 谁想要这本书，我就把它给谁。2.They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbondioxide.他们也同意，正是燃烧越来越多的化石燃料，导致了碳排放量的增加。gkstk 名师剖析本句中 agree 后跟的是一个 that 引导的宾语从句。It istha
3、t是一个强调句型，强调句子的主语 the burning of more and more fossil fuels.(强调句型是对句子的成分而不是某个词进行强调)【例句】It is a small village where he was born.(定语从句，where 指代 a small village,在句中作状语)It is in the small village that he was born.(强调句型，强调句子的状语)3. It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it-if
4、 not,turn it off! 只要你在使用电气设备，便可以让它开着。如果不用就把它关掉。gkstk 名师剖析leave sth. on 让某物开着；as long as 引导条件状语从句。If not(=if you are not using it)若不是，若没有（省略结构）类似的结构还有：if so 如果这样的话； if any: 假如有，即使有。4. It takes a lot of energy to make things from new materials, so, if you can, buy things made from recycled materials.制
5、造新材料需要消耗大量的能量，所以，如果可以的话，买那些由再生材料制成的东西。gkstk 名师剖析It takes time/ energy/ imagination/ patience/effort/ strength to do sth. 为了做成某事需要时间/精力/ 想象力/耐心/ 努力/体力等。5. Do not be disappointed if you have to try several times before you finally stop smoking.即使你非得经过多次戒烟才能最后把它戒掉，你也不要失望。句 型 公 式 ： before引 导 时 间 状 语 从 句
6、before 用作连词，引导时间状语从句，除了表示“在之前” 以外，还可以表示“（之后）才；（不多久）就；不等就”。句型归纳：（1 ） It wont be.before.用不了多长时间就会（before 从句用一般现在时）（2 ） It will be.before.得过多久才 （before 从句用一般现在时）gkstkgkstkgkstk.Com（3 ） It wasnt.before.没过多长时间就 （before 从句用一般过去时）（4 ） It was.before.过了多长时间才（before 从句用一般过去时）Write down the telephone number be
7、fore you forget it. 记下电话号码以免忘记。It was not long before he learned to use the computer. 不久他就学会了使用计算机。gkstk 夯实基础(1)写出下列句子中 before 的汉语意思Before he came here，he was in England.在 之前It will be some time before we know the full results.得过多久才Before we had walked five miles，Anne complained of sore feet.不到就Put
8、that away before it gets broken.以免(2)完成句子The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times before it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”(直到最后它才包含 pleasant 的含义)The young couple，who returned my lost wallet，left before I could ask for their names(还没有来得及问他们的名字)gkstkgkstkgkstk6. Why doyouthink
9、some adolescents start smoking?你认为有些青少年为什么会开始吸烟？gkstk 名师剖析do you think 在句中做插入语。这种句式也可叫做双重疑问句。其构成有两种情况：(1)做主语的疑问词do you think/suppose/believe/imagine/say/suggest谓语部分？(2)非主语的疑问词do you think/suppose/believe/imagine/say/suggest主语谓语部分？【例句】Which film do you think will win the Golden Lion of the 66th Venic
10、e International Film Festival？你认为哪一部电影会赢得 66 届威尼斯国际电影节金狮奖？When do you suggest we hold a meeting to talk about the problem？你建议我们什么时候举行会议谈论这个问题？Who do you suppose we shall ask to attend our party? 你想我们会邀请谁来参加我们的宴会？提示：(1)如果插入语是 do you suggest 时，句中的谓语要用 shoulddo 或省略 should。(2)do you know 不能作为插入语。如：Do yo
11、u know which team will win? 你认为哪个队会赢呢？7 I knew itwastimeto quit smoking.我知道我该戒烟了。gkstk 应试指导常考句型归纳。Its time to do. 到了干的时间了。Its time for sth. 到了的时间了。Its time (for sb.) to do sth. 到了某人干的时间了。Its (high/about) timethat 从句 到了某人干的时间了。It/This is the first/second.time that. 这是第一/二 次【例句】Its time for lunch/to h
12、ave lunch. 到吃午饭的时间了。Its time that the kids were/should be in bed. 到了孩子们睡觉的时间了。This is the first time that I have been to the Great Wall. 这是我第一次参观长城。提示：（1 ） “Its (high/about) timethat 从句”中，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时或 “should动词原形”，且 should 不能省略。（2 ） “It/This is the first/second.timethat 从句”中，从句的谓语动词要用完成时态，当句型为 It
13、is the first time that 时，从句谓语动词用现在完成时，当句型为 It was the first time that 时，从句谓语动词用过去完成时态。8.With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，students may eventually want to write poems of their own.因为有许多不同类型的诗可以选择，学生们可能最后都想写他们自己的诗歌了。gkstk 应试指导句中的 with so many different forms of poetry to choose fro
14、m 为 with 的复合结构作状语。(1)with宾语doing (doing 表主动或正在进行)(2)with宾语adj.(adj.表状态)(3)with宾语adv.(adv. 表状态 )(4)with宾语done (done 表完成或被动)(5)with宾语介词短语(6)with宾语to do (to do 表将来，有时用主动形式表示被动意义)【例句】With a lot of homework to_do，I cant go skating with you.因为有很多作业要做，我不能和你一起去滑冰了。With more and more forests/trees cut down，s
15、ome animals are facing the danger of dying out.由于越来越多的森林/树木被砍伐，一些动物正面临着灭绝的危险。With a local guide leadingtheway，we got there easily. 有地方向导带路，我们很容易就到了那儿。In summer，she usually sleeps with the windows open. 夏天，她通常开着窗子睡觉。9.There are various reasons why people write poetry.人们写诗有许多原因。gkstk 应试指导需要注意的知识点。(1)本
16、句为主从复合句。why people write poetry 作 reasons 的定语。关系副词 why 在定语从句中作原因状语，可用 for which 代替。(2)注意句型 The reason why.is that.的原因是(3) reason why.。reason 的意思是“原因，理由”，后面的定语从句常用 why 和 that, which 引导，后接同位语从句时要用 that 引导，对 reason 的内容进行说明或解释，要注意它们所使用的场合。【例句】The reason why he died young was that he paid no attention to
17、 health.他英年早逝的原因是他不注意自己的身体健康。The reason for which he failed the English exam was that he didnt learn it well.gkstkgkstkgkstkgkstk他英语考试不及格的原因是他没学好。The reason why we dont trust him is that he often lies.我们不信任他的原因是因为他时常说谎。The reason why he failed the English exam was that he didnt learn it well.他英语考试不及
18、格的原因是他没学好。(why 在定语从句中做状语)I dont believe the reason that/ which you gave me.gkstkgkstkgkstkgkstk我不相信你给我的理由。(that 和 which 在定语从句中做 gave 的宾语)We are not going for the simple reason that we cant afford it.我们不去，原因很简单：我们负担不起。(that 引导同位语从句 )gkstk 用法拓展(1)That is why. 那就是的原因。 (强调结果)(2)This is because. 这是因为(强调原
19、因)(3)在 the reason why.is/was that 结构中，一般用 that 引导表语从句，而不用 because。gkstk 夯实基础The reason for his success is _ he worked very hard.Awhy Bthat Cbecause Dfor10. Some rhyme(like B) while others do not(like C)有些诗押韵(像 B)，但也有些不是这样 (像 C)。gkstk 应试指导while 的用法归纳：(1)while 用做并列连词，构成并列句，意为“然而，但是”，相当于 and/but, 强调前后两
20、种情况的对比或转折，此时 while 一般位于句中。(2)while 用做从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候；和同时”，此时的主从句谓语动作同时发生，从句谓语通常是延续性动词。(3)while 引导让步状语从句，常放在句首，意为“尽管”“ 虽然”，比 although 或 though 语气要轻。(4)while 引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”，其意思和用法相当于 as long as。while 可位于句首，也可位于句中。(5)while 引导从句时，如果主从句的主语一致，且从句谓语又含有 be，则从句主语和 be 可以省略。while 后可直接跟现在分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。【
21、例句】You like sports, while I prefer music. 你喜欢体育，而我更喜欢音乐。I was reading the book while you were talking to me. 你对我说话的时候，我正在看书。While it is very cold today, we decide to go out for a walk. 尽管今天天气很冷，我们还是决定出去走走。You have to be very careful while (you are) driving. 你开车时必须很小心。提示：while 引导时间状语从句时，指一段时间，不用来表示时间
22、点；when 引导时间状语从句时，既指时间段，也指时间点。【例句】句When/While I was in middle school, I liked English very much. 我上中学时非常喜欢英语。When he entered, I was watching TV. (不能用 while)当他进来时我正在看电视。gkstk 夯实基础（1 ） In some places women are expected to earn money _ men work at home and raise their children.Abut Bwhile Cbecause Dthou
23、gh（2 ） _the Internet is of great help, I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it.AIf BWhile CBecause DAs（3 ） Are you ready for Spain?Yes, I want the girls to experience that _ they are young.Awhile Buntil Cif Dbefore11.Shouldthe traveler return, this stone would utter speeh. 行人归来石应语。
24、句 型 公 式 ：虚 拟 条 件 句 中 省 略 if再 倒 装本句为表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，其中 should the traveller return 为省略了从属连词 if 的虚拟条件句，完整形式为：If the traveller should return.。若虚拟条件从句的谓语部分中有 were，had 或 should 时，可把 if 省略，同时把 were，had 或should 提到从句主语前，构成倒装句式。【例句】Should it be fine tomorrow，I would go on a trip. 如果明天天气好的话，我要去旅游。Had you come
25、earlier，you would have caught the bus. 如果你来得早一点的话，你就会赶上公共汽车了。Were I at school again，I would study harder. 如果我再有机会上学的话，我就会更加努力学习。gkstk 夯实基础语法填空(1)Had he caught the morning train，he would not have been late for the meeting.(2)Were(be) there no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks
26、to get news from around the world.12.And my memory became so large that even I couldnt believe it! 我的存储量变得如此巨大，甚至连我自己都不能相信！gkstk 应试指导 so.that. 如此 以致。 that 引导结果状语从句。另外， such.that.也引导结果状语从句。其结构形式为：(1) soadj./adv.so adj.a/an可数名词单数 so many/few可数名词复数(2) much/little不可数名词 that 从句(3) sucha/an adj.可数名词单数so a
27、dj.可数名词复数 so adj.不可数名词 that 从句【例句】It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything.(It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.)天气如此热，谁也不想干活。I made so many mistakes in the composition that the teacher criticized me.我的作文中出了许多错误，老师批评了我。gkstk 用法拓展(1)当 so./such.位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。(2)so.that
28、.中的主句和从句的主语是同一个，that 从句也可改为 as to do 形式。(3)so that 连在一起用，可引导结果状语从句，也可引导目的状语从句。so that 引导目的状语从句时，从句中常使用 can/could/may/might/will/would/should 等情态动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用 can 和 may 等词，在 so that 前可以有逗号，意思是“ 因此；所以”。【例句】So small was the mark that I could hardly see it. 那个标记非常小，我几乎看不见它。The old lady was so kin
29、d that she led me to the hospital. The old lady was so kind as to lead me to the hospital.这个老太太是那样好心，她把我领到了医院。He hurried up so that he could catch the train. 他匆匆赶路为的是赶上火车。(对比：He hurried up so that he caught the train. 他匆匆赶路，结果赶上了火车。)gkstk 即境活用(1)_about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to
30、 Madagascar for further research.ASo curious the couple was BSo curious were the coupleC How curious the couple were DThe couple was such curious(2)Most children need encouragement in time of failure _ they can cheer up again.Aso that B in case Cbecause Dif13. Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans wi
31、th a life of high quality.无论如何，我的目标是为人类提供高质量的生活。gkstk 应试指导 of high quality 在句中做定语，属于 ofn.结构。这一结构相当于形容词，在句中可以做表语、定语或宾语补足语。(1)ofn.结构中的名词是抽象名词时，相当于其名词所对应的形容词的意思，说明被修饰词具有某种特征或属性。常用的名词有：use, importance, help, value, interest, benefit 等。这些名词前可用 great, no, little, some, any, not much 等修饰，以表示不同程度。(2)ofn.结构中
32、的名词表种类、数量、度量等时，表示不同的人或物的共同特征，此时名词前通常有冠词。常用的名词有：size, type, kind, price, height, depth, length, weight, age, shape, colour 等。(3)ofn.结构还可以表示主语的根源关系，此时的名词多是表示亲属、血统、种族、国籍以及出处的名词，常用的名词有：family, blood, race, origin 等。(4)ofn.结构还可以表示人的特点、特性，常用 of wealth/education/courage/achievement/ability 等。【例句】The camel
33、is of great help to the Arab.(The camel is very helpful to the Arab.)骆驼对阿拉伯人有很大帮助。gkstkgkstkgkstkgkstkThe two are of an age, but are of different height. 这两个人年龄相同，但身高不同。We are of the same blood. 我们是同一血统。Your sister is a girl of wisdom. 你妹妹是一位有智慧的女孩。gkstk 即境活用 You will find this map of great _ in hel
34、ping you to get around London.Aprice Bcost Cvalue Dusefulness14. I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.我生活在你们称之为“古希腊”的地方，我过去也经常写有关很久前奥运会的情况。gkstk 应试指导what 引起宾语从句，并在从句中作 call 的宾语， “Ancient Greece” 作宾补。【例句】After many days voyage，they arri
35、ved in what is called America now.经过许多天的航行之后，他们到达了如今称之为美洲的地方。After a long journey，they came to what was called “Gebi Desert”长途跋涉之后，他们来到了被称之为“戈壁滩”的地方。15. No other country could join in，nor could slaves or women！别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！gkstk 应试指导句型“nor /neither系动词/助动词/ 情态动词另一个主语”用于否定陈述句之后，表示“也不” ，相当于 eith
36、er 用于否定句。【例句】(2012四川卷)This is not my story，nor is it the whole story.My story plays out differently.这并不是(关于)我的故事，它也不是故事的全部。我的故事的结局截然不同。His boss is not satisfied with the disappointing result.Nor/NeitherisTom.他的老板对这个令人失望的结果不满意。 汤姆也是如此。注意：(1)“so助动词 /be/情态动词主语” ，是一种倒装句型，意为“也是如此” ，表示上句所谈到的情况也适用于另一主语，so
37、用来代替上句的内容。(2)如果下文表示的是对上文的赞成或肯定，则仅需要把 so 放于句首，其后用正常语序。(3)如果表示前面两件或两件以上的事也适合于另一人或物时，则需要用 So it is/was with.或It is/was the same with.【例句】If you go to school early tomorrow，soshallI. 如果明天你上学早，我也早去。Error!Mary was born in Australia and she lived in the United States.SoitwaswithJane/ItwasthesamewithJane.玛丽在澳大利亚出生，在美国居住。简也是。版权所有：学优高考网()
