1、备课组 高一英语组 主备人 毕伍成 审核人 王彩霞 时间 课题 语法 2：定语从句的特殊用法（the special usages of the attributive clause） 课型 新授课学习目标：1、熟练运用定语从句的基本规则； 2、学习并掌握定语从句的特殊用法学习重点：1、定语从句，先行词以及关系代词的概念； 2、关系代词的选择。学习难点：记忆定语从句的特殊规则学习方法：1、自学探究； 2、总结归纳； 3、以讲练结合的方法加深学生印象。 学习内容及过程：定语从句及专项练习语法解释： 定语从句：修饰名词或代词的从句。换句话说，名词、代词后的从句叫定语从句。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的
2、名词、代词、甚至词组或句子叫先行词。 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词分两种： 一是关系代词(在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定语成分) 二是关系副词(在定语从句中担任状语成分) 关系词的三个功能： 1. 连接功能（连接先行词与定语从句） ； 2. 担任功能（在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定、状语） ； 3. 替代功能（在定语从句中代替先行词） 。 A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is a machine, and the machine can fly. A plane is a machine that can fl
3、y. 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as 在定语从句中可担任主语的是： who, that, which, as 在定语从句中可担任宾语的是： who, whom, that, which, as 在定语从句中可担任定语的是： whose, which 当先行词是人时，可用的关系词是：who, whom, that, as 当先行词是物时，可用的关系词是：which, that, whose, as 关系副词有：when (先行词为时间), where (先行词为地点), why (先行词为原因) 关系副词 = 介词 + which / whom；偶
4、见“介词+whose+名词”+主语+其他定语从句分为两种：限制性与非限制性。 先行词与关系词之间无逗号隔开为限制性；有逗号隔开则为非限制性。 非限制性定语从句一般不可用关系代词 that 引导。 Homework 1）找出 Units1-3 课文中所有的定语从句2）课后思考：1. 定语从句只用 that 引导不用 which 引导的情况有哪几种？2. 定语从句只用 which 不用 that 引导的情况有哪几种？3. as 是否可以引导定语从句？4. 你在做题或阅读中还碰到哪些比较特殊情况需要特殊记忆？定语从句的特殊用法归纳1. 定语从句只用 that 引导不用 which 引导的情况有哪几种
5、？ 先行词是 everything， few, anything, nothing, little, all, some 等不定代词，或由不定代词修饰时； 先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词、形容词最高级时； 先行词被 the only，the very 等修饰时； 先行词即有人又有物时； 有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系词已用 which，另外一个可以用 that 时（为避免重复） ； 主句中有 who，which 等疑问代词时；2. 定语从句只用 which 不用 that 引导的情况有哪几种？ 非限制性定语从句中 关系代词前有介词时 先行词本身是 that 时 先行词后有
6、插入语时 (I think / I believe / I guess / I expect / I am sure)3. as 引导定语从句有什么要求？（请从限制性和非限制性定语从句两方面表述） 在限制性定语从句the same as？suchassoas 在非限制性定语从句中as 可代整个主句的内容，意为“正如, 按照 ,正像”as 可放在句首，甚至可以切割一个主句as 常用在固定结构中：as we all knowas is known (to all)as is generally the case4. way 作先行词，定语从句缺状语时用什么引导定语从句？ way + that/in
7、 which/不填 补充:先行词是 point，situation，case，activity 等，从句少状语时，定语从句用 where/in which 引导5. the same as 与 the same that 有什么区别？ as 引导的从句往往侧重方式，意为“如同一样 ” that 引导的从句往往侧重同一对象或人，意为“同一 ”翻译：I met the same person as I saw yesterday.I met the same person that I saw yesterday.6. 定语从句的主谓一致问题 先行词“one of + 复数名词”结构作主语，从句谓
8、语动词用复数 先行词“the only one of + 复数名词” 结构作主语，从句谓语动词用复数活学活用Jeff is the only one of the students who _ awarded. A. were B. are C. is D. be7. 介词+which/whom 中介词的确定 介词的选择主要根据从句中谓语动词、形容词的搭配习惯或先行词的搭配习惯来确定，其中关系代词 which 代物，whom 代人活学活用This is the book which I spent 5yuan.which I paid 5yuan.I still remember the da
9、y which I joined the army.the days which I lived in country.8. 语序问题：定语从句一律使用陈述句语序Summary：关系引导词的选择1. 定语从句关系引导词的选择一定要根据定语从句中所缺的成分来确定，还要兼顾主句和从句的语义联系以及词语搭配等因素，才能确定是用关系代词还是关系副词。如果从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词；如果从句中缺少状语，则用关系副词。决不能因为先行词是时间名词就用 when、地点名词就用 where、先行词是 reason 就用 why。 活学活用This is the city he worked.we
10、visited lasted monthWell never forget the day we worked in the village.来源:学优高考网we spent in the village.This is the reason he is so happy.makes him so happy.2. 唯一可以置于先行词之前的定语从句由关系代词 as 引导。以下练习详细介绍了定语从句使用的具体语法规则。一. 单选： 1. A football fan is _ has a strong interest in football.A. that B. who C. a person
11、 who D. what 2. The house, _ was destroyed in the terrible fire, has been repaired.A. whose roof B. which roof C. its roof D. the roof 3. Can you lend me the novel _ the other day?A. that you talked B. you talked about it C. which you talked D. you talked about 4. The matter _ you were arguing about
12、 last night has been settled.A. that B. what C. why D. for which 5. They talked for about an hour of things and persons _ they saw in the school. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 6. Who _ has common sense（常识）will do such a thing?A. which B. who C. whom D. that 7. All the apples _ fell down were eaten
13、 by the pigs.A. that B. those C. which D. what 8. They asked him to tell them everything _ he saw at the front.A. what B. that C. which D. where 9. Ill tell you _ he told me last night.A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all 10. A child _ parents have died is called an orphan.A. who B. whos C. w
14、hose D. which 11. Is this the museum _ you visited the other day?A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 12. Is this museum _ some German friends visited last Wednesday?A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 13. How do you like the book? Its quite different from _ I read last month. A. that B. whic
15、h C. the one D. the one what 14. Is that the reason _ you are in favor of the proposal?A. which B. what C. why D. for that 15. The train _ she was traveling was late.A. which B. where C. on which D. in that 16. He has lost the key to the drawer _ the papers are kept.A. where B. on which C. under whi
16、ch D. which 17. Antarctic _ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. which B. where C. that D. about which 18. He arrived at a time, _, in his opinion, was rather inappropriate for them. A. that B. / C. which D. when 19. He often helps the students _ he thinks are not qui
17、ck at their studies.A. whom B. who C. when D. because 20. The Second World War _ millions of people were killed ended in 1945.A. when B. during that C. in which D. which 21. He was born in the year _ the Anti-Japanese War broke out.A. which B. when C. on which D. during which 22. Mr. Crossett will n
18、ever forget the day _ he spent with his various students.A. when B. which C. on which D. in which 23. This is just the place _ I am looking forward to visiting these years.A. that B. where C. in which D. to where 24. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _ live my grandparents. A.
19、which B. that C. who D. where25. The hotel _ during our holidays stands by the seaside.A. in which we stayed B. where we stayed at C. we stayed D. in that we stayed 26. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing.A. as B. that C. which D. than 27. He is not _ a fool _.A. such/as he is looked B. su
20、ch/as he looks C. as/as he is looked D. so/as he looks 28. The time _ was given to us was too limited. We must hurry up. A. when B. during which C. that D. for which 29. Some of the roads were flooded, _ made our journey more difficult.A. which B. it C. what D. that 30. He must be from Africa, _ can
21、 be seen from his skin.A. that B. as C. who D. what 31. He has two sons, _ work as chemists.A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom 32. The buses, _ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A. most of that B. which most C. most of which D. that most 33. My glasses,
22、 _ I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.A. which B. with which C. without which D. that 34. Mr. Wu, _ everybody likes, is going to give us a talk on chemistry.A. whom B. that C. which D. / 35. This is Mr. Smith, _ I think has something interesting to tell us.A. who B. whom C. that D.
23、 / 36. _, the compass was first made in China.A. It is known to all B. It is known that C. We all know D. As is known to all 37. I, _ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A. who is B. who am C. that is D. what is 38. He is a man of great experience, _ much can be learned.A. who B. that
24、 C. from which D. from whom 39. It was such a serious mistake, _ caused by carelessness.A. which I think was B. which I think it was C. I think which was D. I think which it was 40. He lived in London for 3 months, during _ he picked up some English.A. this B. which C. that D. when 来源:gkstk.Com41. T
25、he general at last got a chance to visit the village _ he used to fight, _ he had been dreaming of for years.A. that/which B. where/that C. in which/what D. where/which 42. I will hire the man _ they say is a good English speaker.A. who B. that C. which D. whom 43. He has to work on Sundays, _ he do
26、es not like.A. and which B. which C. and when D. when 44. I gave him a warning, _ he turned a deaf ear.A. of which B. for which C. to that D. to which 45. My father has made me _ I am.A. who B. which C. what D. that 46. She is one of the few girls who _ passed the examination.A. was B. were C. has D
27、. have 47. He is my son, _ a better son does not exist.A. but B. than who C. against whom D. than whom 48. As many members _ were present agreed to the plan.A. who B. that C. which D. as 49. You may call on me from one to five oclock, during _ I am always at home.A. the time B. what time C. that tim
28、e D. which time 50. China is the birthplace of kites, _ kiteflying (放风筝) spread to Japan, Korea, and India.A. from there B. where C. from where D. there 来源:学优高考网 gkstk二. 用定语从句完成下列句子： 1. Ive grown so crazy about everything _ (与大自然有关的). 2. I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains _ (挂在满
29、是灰尘的窗前的). 3. Later in the next century, people _ (来自英格兰的) made voyage to conquer other parts of the world. 4. At first the English _(在公元 450 至 1150 年间所说的) was very different from the English which/that is spoken today. 5. When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude _ (有五千多米高的), she s
30、eemed to be excited about it. 6. The book _ (老师刚刚提到的) will be very helpful with our English learning. 7. Mr. Smith is very wealthy, but he is always driving an old car _ (门都已经破了的). 8. Scientists are trying to explain the reasons _ (为什么地球正在变暖). 9. Li Hua has two cousins _ (在北京工作的), and another one _
31、(在家乡务农的). 10. There are three books on the desk, all of _ (都是有关南非黑人的平等权利的). 来源:学优高考网学后反思：Answers to the practice: 一. 1 5 CADAB 6 10 DABDC 11 15 ADCCC 16 20 ADCBC 21 25 BBADA 26 30 ABCAB 31 35 BCCAA 36 40 DBDAB 41 45 DABDC 46 50 DCDDC 二. 1. that has something to do with nature 2. that/which were hang
32、ing before very dusty windows 3. who came from England 来源:学优高考网4. which/that was spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 5. which/that was of more than 5,000 meters 6. which/that the teacher mentioned just now 7. whose door is broken 8. why the earth is becoming warmer 9. who are working in Beijing; who is farming in the hometown 10. which are about the equal rights for black people in South Africa
