1、高二英语同步精品 选修 8 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors一、重点词汇考点 1alternative n可能的选择 adj.供选择的；其他的【教材原句】Can you think of the alternatives we would use today?你能想出我们今天使用的替代品吗？【例句研读】As _ _consider checking into a selfcatering flat with its own kitchen.作为一个选择，可以考虑住进一个有厨房的自助公寓。2)We are very sad to have to do this, but
2、 there is no other _我们为不得不这么做而感到难过，但是现在没有其他的选择。I had no hesitation in telling the truth.我_说出实情。【归纳拓展】have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择；只好做某事an alternative to.的替代品alternatively adv.可供选择地have no choice but to do sth. 别无选择只好做cant do nothing but do 只好做某事考点 2interrupt vt. he will answer questions la
3、ter.现在不要打断演讲者的话，他稍后会回答问题的。(2)disturb 强调某活动受到干扰或影响。考点 3assume vt.假定；设想；装出；担任【教材原句】So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.因此，我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。【例句研读】_stress is caused by too much work.普遍认为，紧张是工作过多所致。_this afternoon, what shall we do?假如今天下午下雨我们将怎么办
4、？【归纳拓展】assume sb. to be.认为某人是It is assumed that.人们认为assuming (that).假设 (引导条件状语从句)assumption n假定；假设make an assumption 做出臆断在英语中，有些看上去是现在分词或过去分词的词，实际上可直接用作介词或连词。这一类单词有：supposing conj. 假设；假如provided/providing conj. 假设；如果given prep. 鉴于；考虑到considering prep. &conj. 鉴于；考虑到concerning prep. 关于including prep.
5、包括；包含考点 4messy adj. 凌乱的；脏的【教材原句】Quiet a difficult and messy task!相当艰难杂乱的任务啊！【例句研读】As the work tends to be a bit_, youll need to wear old clothes.这个活儿有点脏，你需要穿旧衣服。He has some acquaintance _ German，but doesnt speak it fluently.他略懂一点儿德语，但说得不流利。【答案】messy with 【归纳拓展】be in a mess 杂乱无章make a mess of 把搞得一塌糊涂
6、get sb. into a mess 使某人陷入狼狈处境mess around/about 混日子；浪费时间mess up 搞乱；搞糟考点 5arrest vt. 逮捕；吸引 n. 逮捕；拘留【教材原句】She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped. 快到点目的地的时候， 一阵香气扑鼻， 她停下来， 不往前走了。【例句研读】1)Police _five young men in connection with one of the atta
7、cks.警方逮捕了与其中一次袭击有关的 5 名青年男子。The bright light arrested the babys attention.明亮的灯光_婴儿的注意力。【答案】arrested 吸引了【归纳拓展】arrest sb. for 因逮捕某人under arrest 被捕；拘留place sb. under arrest 逮捕某人arrest ones attention 吸引某人的注意力考点 6preserve vt. 保持；保存；保藏 n. 禁猎地【教材原句】Yes, and so well preserved. 是的，而且被保护的那么好。【例句研读】We must _ou
8、r natural resources.我们必须保护自然资源。Ice helps to preserve food.冰有助于_食物。. 【归纳拓展】preserve ones eyesight 保护视力preserve the peace 维护和平preserve order 维持秩序preserve the lives of the passengers 保护乘客生命preservation n. 保护考点 7identify vt. 确认；证明；鉴别出【教材原句】In pairs , try to identify these objects. 两人一组，努力确定这些物体。【例句研读】（1
9、）These cows are now _as a kind of rare animals.这些奶牛现在被确认为一种稀有动物。（2）Can you identify your umbrella among these umbrellas?你能在这些伞中_你的那一把吗？【答案】 （1）identified （2）确认【归纳拓展】identify sb./sth. as sb./sth.确认(鉴别出)某人(某物)identify sth.with sth.认为某人或某物等同于考点 8significance n. 意义；意思；重大意义；重要性【教材原句】His university was aw
10、are of the significance of his work. 他的大学意识到他的工作的重要性。【例句研读】Few people realized _ _ _the discovery.很少有人意识到这一发现的重要性。It is a matter _ _ _.这是一个非常重要的问题。【答案】the significance of of great significance 【归纳拓展】be of great significance 非常重要significant adj. 有意义的，意味深长的；重要的，重大的significantly adv. 有重大意义地；显著地；意味深长地常见
11、“beof抽象名词”的短语：be of significancebe significantbe of importancebe importantbe of valuebe valuablebe of helpbe helpfulbe of usebe useful考点 9applaud vt. 鼓掌，称赞，赞成【教材原句】She had felt so proud as the group shouted loudly to applaud his choice.当大家大声呼喊赞成他的选择时他感到那么自豪。【例句研读】Everyone_ when the play ended.演 出结束时
12、，大家都热烈鼓掌。 Everywhere on the streets there were people who applauded the passing troops.大街上到处都有人群向经过的军队_。【归纳拓展】applaud sb.for sth.因某事而赞扬某人applaud the decision 赞成某个决定10accelerate vt.&vi. 加速，促进【教材原句】, Lala accelerated her walk up the path to the caves fearing that there might be wild beasts lying in wa
13、it fro her.莱拉加速她向山洞走进的步伐唯恐有野兽躺在那儿等着她。【例句研读】We must take measures _ _the rate of economic growth.我们必须采取措施，加速经济增长。The car accelerated as it overtook me.那辆汽车_就超越了我。【答案】to accelerate 一加速【归纳拓展】acceleration n加速；加快accelerator n(汽车等的)加速装置；油门11spirit n. 精神，情绪【教材原句】Lalas spirits rose.拉拉的情绪高涨起来。【例句研读】The artic
14、le breathes_ _ _ _.这篇文章反映出时代精神。Thats the(right)spirit! 这种_很好! 应该有这种气概!【归纳拓展】精神，心灵：His spirit is troubled.他内心苦恼。灵魂，精灵：a spirit from the heaven 天上的一个精灵气魄，勇气：He is a man of spirit.他是个有志气的人。有某种特质的人：a brave/proud spirit 一个勇敢的/骄傲的人情绪，心情；兴致：in high/low spirits 情绪高/低考点 12tentative adj. 试探性的，尝试的；暂时的【教材原句】Mak
15、e a tentative guess about what Peking Man may have done and used thousands of years ago.试着猜猜几千年前“北京人”可能做的事情和使用的东西。【例句研读】Weve made a _plan for the vacation but havent really decided yet.我们拟定了一个度假计划, 但是没有真正定下来。he eventually tried a few tentative steps round his hospital room.他最终围绕着他的病房_走路几步。【答案】tentat
16、ive 尝试着【归纳拓展】make a tentative suggestion 提出试探性的建议reach a tentative conclusion 得出暂时的结论tentatively adv. 试探地，犹豫不决地考点 13overlook vt. 俯视；忽视；不理会【教材原句】But you cannot overlook that. 但是你不能忽略那一点。【例句研读】Its easy _ the pleasure we get from our familyhe seems to have overlooked one important fact.他似乎_一个重要的事实。【归纳拓
17、展】glare (at) 怒目而视stare(at) 凝视；盯glimpse 瞥一眼observe 观察witness 见证二、重点短语考点 1regardless of 不管；不顾；不理会某人或某物【教材原句】So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.因此，我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。【例句研读】Regardless of the color of his skin, every man has the right to live wher
18、e he wants.不管什么样的肤色，每个人都有权利居住在他想居住的地方。She passed herself _as an experienced actress.她冒充有经验的演员。【答案】passing himself off（2）off【归纳拓展】regardless of， in spite of 和 despite 后面不能直接跟从句，只能跟名词，但可以跟 the fact that/whether/what引导的从句。考点 2be fed up with 受够了；厌烦；饱受【教材原句】Well Im fed up with all the attention and.是啊，我厌
19、烦了被别人注意，并且【例句研读】We are_ _ _ your temper .我们受够了你的脾气。I am fed up with standing in these long lines我对站在这些长队伍中_。【归纳拓展】be bored with/be tired of 对感到厌烦；对感到厌倦feed sb./sth. on sth.给(人或动物)食物；喂；饲养feed on(动物)以为主食feed sth to sb./sth.给(人或动物)某物作为食物考点 3cut up 切碎；割碎；使伤心【教材原句】It seemed that they used the sharpened a
20、tone tools to cut up animals and remove their skin.看样子他们是用磨尖的数去切割野兽并剥皮。【例句研读】His mother has to _ _all his food for him.他母亲不得不为他将所有的食物切碎。The hostess cut up the cake and gave everybody a slice.女主人把蛋糕_分给每人一块儿。【答案】cut up 切开【归纳拓展】cut into pieces 切碎；剪碎cut in 插嘴cut across 抄近路穿过；横越cut down 砍倒；缩减cut.in half/
21、two/into halves 将切成两半cut off 切断；割掉；截断(退路等)cut out 切去；剪去；删去；略去cut through 刺穿考点 4look ahead 向前看；为将来打算【教材原句】If only she had looked ahead and planned better!她要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！【例句研读】He _ _in the distance and saw a river.他朝远处看，看见一条河。When we design this plan, we should look far ahead into the future.在构思这个计
22、划时我们应遥远的未来。【答案】looked ahead 展望 【归纳拓展】look up 仰视；查阅 look up to sb.尊敬某人look into.调查 look over 浏览look through 翻阅；查找；看穿 look forward to 盼望；期待look down upon 瞧不起 look out 当心；小心look back on 回顾 look on/upon.as 把看作考点 5. date back to 追溯到；远在年代【教材原句】can be dated back to between 3,000and 5,000 years ago. 可能追溯到三千
23、和五千年以前。【例句研读】(1) My family has a vase, which is said to_ _ _ the Ming Dynasty.我家有个花瓶，据说是从明代传下来的。(2) Tomb Sweeping Day dates back to the Spring and Autumn Period.清明节可以_春秋时代。【答案】(1) date back to (2) 追溯到【归纳拓展】date from 追溯到；起始于 out of date 过时in date 未过时的 up to date 时新的to date 到目前为止；迄今 set/fix a date 确定日
24、期date back to 和 date from 一般无进行时态，也无被动语态。当谈论现在的一件物品时，虽然该物品产生于过去某一时间，但时态用一般现在时，通常用现在分词形式作状语或定语。考点 6show sb. around 领某人到处转转【教材原句】Our trained guides will show you around the museum.我们这些训练有素的导游会带你们参观博物馆。【例句研读】(1) She showed me_ and introduced me to everybody.她领着我四处看了看，将我介绍给每个人。(2) A guide is showing them around the science museum一个向导正在_科学博物馆。
