1、课堂导学基础巩固一、词汇详解1.mistaken adj.错误的,弄错的【典型例句】She has a mistaken idea that tomorrow is Sunday.【相关链接】(1)mistake vt.误解,错认 n.错误by mistake 错误地mistakefor 把 错认为make no mistake 别误会make a mistake 犯错误（2）mistake,error,blunder,fault 辨析：都用以指没有做对或做得不妥的事情。mistake 词义最笼统,可用于日常各种情况。error 较正式,指计算中或技术性的错误。blunder 粗心的错误 ,常
2、为不该有的或判断错误。fault 人或事物的缺点。2.dismiss vt.解雇 ,开除,解散,免职【典型例句】If you are late again ,youll be dismissed from our school.如果你再迟到,你将被我们学校开除。Our boss dismissed that lazy worker.老板解雇了那个懒工人。【要点归纳】dismissfrom 开除，不接受，不受理【相关链接】dismissaln.开除 dismissive adj.轻蔑的，看不起的3.condemn vt.谴责,宣称,判刑【典型例句】We condemned the proceed
3、ings in the strongest language.我们强烈谴责这种行为。We heard of the news that he was condemned to death.我们听说了这个消息 ,他被判处死刑。【要点归纳】condemn sb. to sth.迫使某人处于不利境地【相关链接】condemn sb.to do sth.使注定4.betray vt.泄露，背叛，显露出【典型例句】His accent betrayed the fact that he was foreign.他的口音显露出他是外国人。He betrayed his country to the ene
4、my.他背叛了祖国，向敌人投降。【要点归纳】betray sb./sth. (to sb.)(向某人)出卖某人或泄露某事5.acquaintance n.熟悉,认识,熟人【典型例句】He has some acquaintance with the Japanese language.他会一点儿日语。He is a mere acquaintance, not a friend.他只是个熟人，不是朋友。 【要点归纳】acquaintance 作“熟悉,认识” 讲时是不可数名词；作“ 熟人” 讲时是可数名词。【相关链接】have a nodding acquaintance with sb./s
5、th.与某人有点头之交 ;对某事略知一二make ones acquaintance =make the acquaintance of sb.结识某人gain acquaintance with 得以知悉cut / drop ones acquaintance with 与某人绝交on （further） acquaintance 在认识了时间以后6.fortune n. 运气，幸运；命运；财产【典型例句】I had the good fortune to be chosen for a trip abroad.我真幸运，被选中出国旅游。He inherited a large fortun
6、e.他继承了一大笔财产。【要点归纳】fortune 表“运气，幸运” 为不可数名词；表 “命运或不幸的事”为可数名词；表“财产、钱财”既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。【相关链接】a small fortune 一大笔钱make a fortune 发财seek ones fortune 外出找出路try ones fortune 碰运气fortunate adj. 幸运的be fortunate to do something;幸运做某事be fortunate in doing somethingfortunately adv.幸运的unfortunately 不幸地7.superior
7、adj.优等的 n.上级【典型例句】We are in the same superior team.我们在同一个强队。Ill tell your superior about your careless work.我将告诉你老板你做的粗劣的工作。【要点归纳】superior 作形容词时,表示“高级的，高傲的”，构成 be superior to “比高明（强，好） ”；作名词时，表示“上级、地位较高的人、智力较强的人”。8.pronounce vt. vi.发音；宣布【典型例句】Blind as he is ,he pronounces words clearly.尽管他是盲人，他发音很清晰
8、。The judge pronounced the sentence.法官宣布判决书。【相关链接】pronounce against驳回pronounce on对发表意见pronounced adj.明显的；明确的pronunciation n.发音9.classify vt. vi.分为；属于类【典型例句】In the post-office ,mail is classified according to the place where it is to go.在邮局，邮件是按其邮往何方分类的。【相关链接】be classified into 被分成be classified as 被分为
9、classified adj.分类的；机密的classified information 秘密情报classification n.分类10. in amazement 惊讶地【典型例句】The terrible news struck me dumb in amazement.可怕的消息使我目瞪口呆。【相关链接】(1)amaze vt.使吃惊amazing adj.令人吃惊的amazed adj.吃惊的be amazed at/by因而吃惊（2）in amazement 指“造成心理上的混乱或恐慌”in astonishment 指“因为不可解释的事而吃惊”in surprise 指“由于突
10、然或出于意外而吃惊”He was in great astonishment at the sight.看到这种景象他很惊奇。He hid himself in surprise.他在惊慌中躲了起来。11.pass offas 冒充【典型例句】The man passed himself off as a Chinese.那个人冒充是中国人。【相关链接】pass through 通过，穿过pass by 从旁边经过pass out 昏倒，失去知觉pass away 去世passon to把传递给pass off 逐渐消失；回避Has your toothache passed off yet?
11、你的牙痛还没消吗？They often pass off this kind of question.他们经常回避这种问题。12.in terms of 就来说，按照【典型例句】In terms of money he is quite rich,but not in terms of happiness.金钱，他富有；幸福，他缺少。【相关链接】（1）in the long term 从长远的观点at term 到期come to terms 屈服，妥协during ones term of office 在任职期间（2）in terms of 的同义词组：with regard toacco
12、rding toin the light of13.the other day 前几天【典型例句】I came across him in the street the other day.前几天，我在大街上遇到过他。【相关链接】the other day“前几天” ，用一般过去时态。one day“一天”，用过去时态和将来时态。some day“某一天” ，只用于将来时态。例如：One day there was an old man.从前有一个老人。You can go abroad one day.将来某一天你肯定能出国的。I hope to visit Paris some day.我
13、希望有一天能到巴黎游览。14.fade out（使声音、画面）逐渐模糊，渐淡【典型例句】As the programme ended,their conversation (was) faded out.节目结束时，他们的谈话声也逐渐消失了。【相关链接】fade away（从视野、听力范围、记忆中）逐渐消失；死亡 fade (sth.) in（使画面）清晰度逐渐增强（声音）逐渐增大15.be in need of 需要【典型例句】The car had an accident,and the driver was in great need of help.车出事故了，司机急需帮助。【相关链接
14、】in charge of 负责in hope of 希望in honor of 纪念in favor of 支持16.take away 带走，夺去，使离去【典型例句】What takes you away so early?为什么你这么早就走？You may not take these books away from the library.这些书籍不准带出图书馆。【相关链接】take as 看作take back 收回（诺言）take for 错认为take in 吸收，欺骗take off 起飞，脱（衣服） ，成功take over 接管（权利）take up 占据，从事take on 呈现，雇佣，承担17.show in 带/领进来【典型例句】Let me show him in please.让我领他进来。【相关链接】show sb. out 领某人出去show sb. around 领某人参观某地show off 炫耀show up 出现，来到某处；揭露；显得好看
