1、单元测试.单项填空1.Mr. Wang,_,is going to give us a talk.A.a clone expert B.is a clone expertC.clone expert D.be an a clone expert答案：A a clone expert 作同位语。2.Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _ he had to meet his uncle in the airport.A.why B.thatC.where D.because答案：B 考查同位语从句。句意为 “没有人
2、相信他迟到的理由是他必须去机场接他叔叔”。that 引导的从句 he had to meet his uncle in the airport 是对 his reason 的解析，that 只起连接作用，无意义。why 引导的从句只能作 reason 的定语从句，不能作 reason 的表语从句。3.You should study in a style,which is _ to your lessons.A.extinct B.appropriateC.disturbing D.straightforward答案：B be appropriate to do sth. 适合的。4.When
3、 the manager told us his plan,we were all _ it.A.for favor B.on favorC.in favor of D.favor of答案：C in favor of 介词结构，支持。5.If you read fast everyday,you _ improve your English level.A.are bound to B.are bounded toC.bound D.bound to答案：A be bound to 注定干某事。6.Whoever _ English questions,his teacher is will
4、ing to answer them.A.rises B.rises upC.is raised D.raises答案：D raise 提出。7.Its only after your efforts _ that you will succeed.A.pay up B.pay backC.pay out D.pay off答案：D pay off 用于主动语态，表示没有白费，成功。8.Its thirty years since we last meet.But I still remember the story,believe it or not,_ we got lost on a r
5、ainy night.A.which B.that C.what D.when 答案：B 本题考查同位语从句。这个从句是 story 的同位语，解释 story 的内容，that 引导名词性从句，that 在从句中不作任何成分，believe it or not 是插入语，读题干时，可以把它拿掉。9.The film brought the hours back to me_I was taken good care of in that far away village.A.until B.thatC.when D.where答案：C when 引导定语从句，在从句中作状语。10.Along
6、 with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me the coming Christmas.A.which B.that C.what D.whether答案：B that 引导同位语从句，作 promise 的同位语。11.I had no idea_she was absent yesterday.Later I was toldshe had caught bad cold.A.that；because B.how；thatC.why；that D.why；because答案：C why 从句作 idea 的同位语，that 从句是
7、直接宾语从句。12.The question came up at the meeting_ we had enough money for our research.A.that B.whatC.which D.whether答案：D whether 引导同位语从句，作 question 的同位语。13.Their _ that their project under way was something entirely new proved to be untrue.A.produce B.assumptionC.fate D.think答案：B 句意为：他们以为他们正在进行的课题是崭新的
8、,事实证明不是那样。assumption 设想。14.However,as the evidence began to_,experts from the zoo felt obliged to investigate.A.accumulate B.objectC.restore D.bother答案：A 句意为：然而，随着迹象开始积聚，动物园的专家们感到有必要进行调查了。accumulate 积聚,堆积。15.The facts had been _ from thousands of students in their first year of university study by a
9、sking such questions as these.A.undertaken B.madeC.differed D.obtained答案：D 句意为：通过向数千名大一学生提出这样的问题,获得他们学习的情况。obtain 获得，得到。.阅读理解ABritish scientists have done something that many people thought was impossible:they created the first clone of an adult mammal(哺乳动物).The clone,named Dolly,is a seven month ol
10、d sheep,grown from a cell of an adult female sheep.What is a clone?A clone is a copya genetic copy.Genes are the instructions for life.They tell a cell what to do and how to do it.Genes make each individual plant or animal different and unique.But a clone has the same genes as the original organism(
11、生物体).Cloning is not new.Plants have been cloned for centuries.New plants are often grown from cutting from another plant.Also,plants like pineapples,strawberries and carnations(康乃馨)are sometimes cloned.One benefit of cloning is that we can make many copies of the best and healthiest plants.It has be
12、en much more difficult to clone animals.Frogs have been cloned,but they died as tadpoles,never living long enough to become adult frogs.Mice,sheep and cattle have been cloned from embryos(胚胎).But Dolly is the first healthy clone of an adult mammal.How did they do it?(1)An unfertilized egg was taken
13、from a sheep.(2)The egg nucleus(细胞核)was removed.(3)A cell was taken from the udder(乳房) of a pregnant(怀孕的)sheep.It was “starved”,so that it stopped growing.(4)The two cells were combined into then implanted in a third sheep,where it grew normally.(5)The clone was born.It was genetically identical to
14、the pregnant sheep in step (3).This sounds much easier than it actually was.To end up with one clone,the scientists started with 277 udder cells.And they needed in a way to make the egg cell accept a new nucleus.They did that by starving the cell in step (3).It may soon be possible to clone many typ
15、es of animals.Will we also be able to clone human organs,or even whole human beings?We have only begun to think about the morality of cloning technology.Maybe the question to ask is not whether we can clone humans,but instead,should we clone humans?1.Dolly is a sheep _ because she is grown from a ce
16、ll of an adult female sheep.A.that has not her fatherB.that has not her motherC.that has no parentsD.that has not any tail 2.Tell which of the following statements is TRUE?A.Only plants can be cloned.B.Only strawberries and carnations can sometimes be cloned.C.Animals and plants have quite a long hi
17、story of cloning.D.Genes can tell a cell what to do and how to do it during cloning.3.From the fourth paragraph we can know that _.A.a tadpole is the early stage of a grown-up frogB.a tadpole is a frog without a tailC.a tadpole is a kind of animalD.a tadpole is a clone of an adult mammal4.Which is t
18、he right order in the process of the clone of Dolly?a.Taking an unfertilized egg from an adult female sheep.b.Removing the eggs nucleus.c.Combining the two cells into one and then implanting it in a third sheep.d.Taking a cell from the udder of a pregnant sheep.A.a b c d B.c a b dC.a b d c D.d c b a
19、 答案：1.C 从文中可以看出，多莉是从一只成年羊的细胞中克隆出来的，所以它本没有父母，而是那只羊的一个翻版。2.D D 项“基因在克隆过程中可以告诉细胞做什么及如何去做”，文章第二段正是说的这个意思。第三段指植物可以克隆,第四段指动物也可以克隆,所以选项 A“只有植物可以克隆”不正确。从文中第三段可知菠萝也是可以克隆的，所以 B 项“只有草莓和康乃馨可以克隆” 不正确。第三段中指植物已有几个世纪的克隆历史，而没有提到动物的克隆历史,所以 C 项“动植物都有一个相当长的克隆历史”与题意不符。3.A 文章第四段第二句中说 :人们曾经克隆过青蛙，但在蝌蚪阶段就死了，并没有进入成年青蛙阶段。所以我们
20、可以判断，蝌蚪是青蛙的早期形态，故 A 项“ 蝌蚪是青蛙的早期形态”正确。4.C 根据下面的信息排序：(1)An unfertilized egg was taken from a sheep.(2)The egg nucleus(细胞核)was removed.(3)A cell was taken from the udder(乳房) of a pregnant(怀孕的)sheep.It was “starved”,so that it stopped growing.(4)The two cells were combined into then implanted in a third
21、 sheep,where it grew normally.BAlthough the use of cloning to produce copies of humans has been suggested,many people would judge this to be morally wrong.In addition,the prospect of cloning humans raises false expectations,since human personality is only partly determined by genes.Cloning a sick or
22、 dying relative would provide a genetically identical copy of that person,but this new individual would likely develop a quite different personality.Similarly,a copy of an athlete,movie star,or scientist might well choose another career because of chance events during his or her lifetime.One hypothe
23、tical scenario involves a childless couple who wish to make a copy of one or the other partner rather than having a child by artificial insemination.The social concern is that the parents would not be able to treat naturally a child who was a copy of one of them.The impetus behind the research that
24、led to Dolly was not to find a way to clone humans but rather to develop genetically engineered animals that would serve a variety of purposes.As there are great genetic differences in cattle herds and sheep flocks,breeding copies of selected livestock would increase the efficiency of agricultural p
25、roductivity and help improve/boost the quality of such commercial products as milk,beef,and wool.As in the management of other breeding schemes,it will be important for scientists to maintain the balance between intense selection of livestock and the maintenance of genetic variability.Preservation o
26、f frozen cells from a large number of representatives of different breeds would allow nuclei from those donor cells to be used as required.The ethical issues in animal cloning are perhaps less controversial than with humans;nevertheless,some people worry that producing large number of animal clones
27、only increase the likelihood that these animals will be mistreated.Genetic modification of livestock will also provide new opportunities in medicine and research.Today many patients in need of transplants die before organs become available from suitable donors.Cloning pigs has been suggested as a me
28、ans of rapidly achieving transplantation,the use of animal organs to replace organs in human patients.Organs transplanted between species are in danger of being destroyed within minutes by the acute immune response of the body receiving the transplant;however,strategies are being developed to modify
29、 pigs genetically so that rejection by the immune system may be effectively prevented.5.According to the passage people object to the use of cloning to produce copies of humans mainly because _.A.its technique is not good enoughB.it is immoral and leads to wrong expectationsC.it may lead to parents
30、unnatural behavior to the copy of themD.it may lead to many peoples unemployment6.Which of the following words can be used to replace the word “well” in Para.1?A.easilyB.as one would wishC.quite possiblyD.skillfully7.In breeding copies of selected livestock,scientists should take consideration of al
31、l the following aspects EXCEPT _.A.the balance between extreme selection of livestock and continuation of genetic variabilityB.ill treatment of the copied animalsC.preservation of frozen cellsD.intense opposition to animal cloning8.What do you think would be described/dealt with in the next paragrap
32、h of the passage?A.The strategies to modify pigs genetically.B.Peoples response to the proposals above.C.The immune system.D.Another potential medical application of cloning.9.What is the authors attitude towards the technique of cloning?A.In favor of cloning both animals and humans.B.In favor of cl
33、oning animals but not humans.C.In favor of cloning humans but not animals.D.In favor of neither cloning animals nor humans.答案：B 这种做法不道德，容易造成错误的期盼。见第一段的“Although the use of cloning to produce copies of humans has been suggested,many people would judge this to be morally wrong.In addition,the prospect
34、 of cloning humans raises false expectations,since human personality is only partly determined by genes.”作者就克隆用于克隆人，介绍了大多数人们的普遍看法：1.morally wrong;2.peoples false expectations。所以，选项 B 为正确答案。6.C 很可能。见第一段的“Similarly,a copy of an athlete,movie star,or scientist might well choose another career because o
35、f chance events during his or her lifetime.”。7.D 强烈反对动物克隆。见第三段的内容 ,A、B、C 选项所涉及的内容均与文章相符，D选项除外。文中谈到“The ethical issues in animal cloning are perhaps less controversial than with humans” （有关克隆动物道德伦理的争论也许不如克隆人那么激烈） ，所以选项 D 与原文不符。8.D 篇章的第二段谈到了克隆研究导致 Dolly 出生的原动力：develop genetically engineered animals 这一
36、技术运用的范围、所设及到的技术、伦理问题等。第三段谈到克隆生物技术在医学上的运用前景，如克隆猪为人体器官移植提供可能。因此，我们可以设想下段有可能涉及的内容与医学有关。9.B 赞成克隆动物，但不赞成克隆人类。作者的这种态度不难从全文中看出。CHow Long Can People LiveShe took up skating at age 85,made her first movie appearance at age 114,and held a concert in the neighborhood on her 121st birthday.When it comes to long
37、 life,Jeanne Calment is the worlds record holder.She lived to the ripe old age of 122.So is 122 the upper limit to the human life span（寿命）?If scientists come up with some sort of pill or diet that would slow aging,could we possibly make it to 150or beyond?Researchers dont entirely agree on the answe
38、rs.“Calment lived to 122,so it wouldnt surprise me if someone alive today reaches 130 or 135,”says Jerry Shay at the University of Texas.Steve Austad at the University of Texas agrees.“People can live much longer than we think,”he says.“Experts used to say that humans couldnt live past 110.When Calm
39、ent blew past that age,they raised the number to 120.So why cant we go higher?”The trouble with guessing how old people can live to be is that its all just guessing.“Anyone can make up a number,”says Rich Miller at the University of Michigan.“Usually the scientist who picks the highest number gets h
40、is name in Time magazine.”Wont new anti aging techniques keep us alive for centuries?Any cure,says,Miller,for aging would probably keep most of us kicking until about 120.Researchers are working on treatments that lengthen the life span(跨度) of mice by 50 percent at most.So,if the average human life
41、span is about 80 years,says Miller,“adding another 50 percent would get you to 120.”So what can we conclude from this little disagreement among the researchers?That life span is flexible（有弹性的）,but there is a limit,says George Martin of the University of Washington.“We can get flies to live 50 percen
42、t longer,”he says.“But a flys never going to live 150 years.”Of course,if you became a new species（物种） ,one that ages at a slower speed,that would be a different story,he adds.Does Martin really believe that humans could evolve（进化）their way to longer life?“Its pretty cool to think about,”he says wit
43、h a smile.10.What does the story of Jeanne Calment prove to us?A.People can live to 122.B.Old people are creative.C.Women are sporty at 85.D.Women live longer than men.11.According to Steve Austad at the University of Texas,_.A.the average human life span could be 110B.scientists cannot find ways to
44、 slow agingC.few people can expect to live to over 150D.researchers are not sure how long people can live12.Who would agree that a scientist will become famous if he makes the wildest guess at longevity?A.Jerry Shay.B.Steve Austad.C.Rich Miller.D.George Martin.13.What can we infer from the last thre
45、e paragraphs?A.Most of us could be good at sports even at 120.B.The average human life span cannot be doubled.C.Scientists believe mice are aging at a slower speed than before.D.New techniques could be used to change flies into a new species. 答案：10.A 这是一道细节推断题。第二段中 “She lived to the ripe old age of
46、122.So is 122 the upper limit to the human life span?”告诉我们 Jeanne Clement 的经历证明人们可以活到 122岁。11.D 这是一道细节推断题。根据第四段 “Steve Austad”的论述可判断出研究人员不能确定人们的寿命有多长。12.C 这是一道细节题。第五段“Anyone can make up a number,says Rich Miller at the University of Michigtan.”及“Usually the scientist who picks the highest number get
47、s his name in Time magazine.”说明 Rich Miller 认为对人类的寿命估计最高的科学家会出名。13.B 这是一道细节推断题。根据后三段的内容可推断出人们的平均寿命不会加倍。DWith only about 1000 pandas left in the world,China is desperately trying to clone (克隆) the animal and save the endangered species.Thats a more similar to what a Texas A & M University researchers
48、 have been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noahs Ark”.Noahs Ark is aimed at collecting eggs,embryos(胚胎),semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen.If certain species should become extinct,Dr Duane Kraemer,a professor in Texas A & MS College of Ve
49、terinary Medicine,says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.It is estimated that as many as 2000 species of mammals,birds and reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years.The panda,native only to China,is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.This week,Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing c
