1、Unit 2 Working the land重要词汇重要词汇 相关提示struggle vi.& n斗争；拼搏；努力记住 struggle 的基本用法，对比 struggle with，struggle.for 与 struggle.against 的用法expand vt.& vi.使变大；伸展 注意 expand 及其相关短语的用法，并认真掌握expand 和 extend 的区别以及 expansion 的意义thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为 熟练掌握 thanks to 以及它的同义词 due to，owing to，because ofrid.of 摆脱；除去 认真掌握 rid
2、.of 以及 get rid of 的用法be satisfied with 对感到满意记住 be satisfied with 的用法以及其同义词 be pleased with，be content with，be glad with，并注意区别 satisfied 与 satisfying 的用法would rather 宁愿；宁可 注意 would rather 后接动词和从句时的用法，比如 would rather 后的从句要用虚拟语气therefore adv. 因此；所以；因而 熟记 therefore 的用法，并记住其同义词 thus，soequip vt.& vi.配备；装备
3、 掌握 equip 常与介词 with 连用的用法，并注意其名词 equipment 是不可数名词export vt.& vi. 输出；出口 牢记 export 以及其反义词 importconfuse vt.使迷惑；使为难 注意 confusing 与 confused 的不同含义regret vt.遗憾；惋惜 n遗憾；懊悔 牢记 regret 作动词时后接动词ing 形式的用法build up 逐渐增强；建立；开发 认真掌握 build up 的用法lead to 导致；造成(后果) 注意 lead to 中的 to 为介词， lead to 还有“ 通向”的含义focus on 集中(注
4、意力、精力等)于 熟记 focus on 的用法reduce vt.减少；减缩 掌握 reduction 以及和 reduction 相关的词组 make a reduction 和 at a reduction of 的意义与用法keep.free from/of 使免受(影响、伤害等)；使不含(有害物)认真掌握 keep 的常用短语comment n评论；议论 vi.& vt. 表达意见；作出评论注意 comment 为不同词性时的用法，记住其词组make comments on sth重点句型1What do you think would happen if tomorrow ther
5、e was suddenly no rice to eat?if 引导条件状语从句2Thanks to his research，the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.thanks to 引导原因状语3Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life.be satisfied with 对感到满意4He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.would rather 后接动词原形，表示“宁愿” 。5This also keep
6、s the air，soil，water and crops free from chemicals.keep宾语宾语补足语6If I have a choice，Ill choose.如果我有机会，我将选择7This is good value because.这非常有价值因为重点语法掌握动词ing 形式作主语和宾语的基本用法。写作要求借助于本单元的内容，学习用正确的格式写海报，海报的内容多为球讯、影讯、节目预告、演出动态等；并掌握一些做广告常用的方式和技巧。Section Warming Up，Prereading，Reading & Comprehending一、将下列单词或短语与相对应
7、的释义搭配起来 A B 1struggle ato throw away or destroy 2export bto be pleased with 3expand cto sell things to another country 4rid dto fight5thanks to eso；thus 6therefore fas a result of；because of 7be satisfied with gto become larger in size，number or amount二、短语互译 A温故：从文中找出下列短语并写出它们的汉语意思1do ones research
8、_2graduate from _3search for _4care about _5long ago _B知新：从文中找出与下列释义相对应的英文1幸亏；由于；因为 _2对感到满意 _3宁愿 _4摆脱 _三、阅读课文 A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE，回答下列问题1Why has Yuan Longping struggled for many years?AHe wants to become one of the top scientists.BHe wants to prove farmers can also become scientists.CHe wants t
9、o do something for the farmers.DHe wants other countries to know him.2When did he begin to make a study of the ways to increase the rice output?AMore than 60 years ago. BMore than 50 years ago.CAbout 40 years ago. DAbout 30 years ago.3When Yuan Longping was a young man，_.Amany people in the countrys
10、ide didnt have enough food to eat Ball the people in the countryside were living a happy life Cno one in the cities was able to help the poor in the countryside Dhe didnt like the life in the countryside4From the passage we can know that Dr Yuans hybrid rice _.Ahelps the farmers produce larger harve
11、sts Bcan be only grown in China Cis not accepted by the United Nations Dis now grown around the globe 5What kind of person is Dr Yuan?AHe likes to live with the poor and is ready to help them.BHe thinks much of himself but little of others.CHe is strict with other scientists and the farmers.DHe has
12、his own dreams to help the people.答案：一、1.d 2.c 3.g 4.a 5.f 6.e 7.b二、A.1.做研究 2.从毕业 3.寻找 4.关心；在意 5.很久以前B1.thanks to 2.be satisfied with 3.would rather 4.rid.of 三、15 CBAAD1What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat?如果明天突然没有米可吃了，你认为会发生什么事呢？剖析：1)do you think 属于插入语，置于特殊疑问
13、词之后。句子的主干应是 What would happen？如：Who do you think will come to help us?你认为谁将来帮助我们？2)该句中用了虚拟语气，表示与将来事实相反的假设。从句用一般过去时，主句中用“would/could/might/should动词原形”。要注意在使用虚拟语气时谓语动词的形式：从句谓语 主句谓语现在情况 一般过去时(be 要用 were) would/could/might/should do将来情况 一般过去时 should do were to do would/could/might/should do过去情况 过去完成时，即
14、had done would/could/might/should have done注意：如果 if 条件句中含有 were，should，had，则可以将 if 省略，把were，should，had 提到主语的前面。如：Were I you，I wouldnt make him angry.如果我是你，我不会让他生气。Should he come，I would let you know.如果他来，我会让你知道。Had they said sorry to me，I would have forgiven them.如果他们向我道过歉，我就已经原谅他们了。单项填空1) If he _ m
15、y advice，he wouldnt have lost his job.Afollowed Bshould follow Chad followed Dwould follow2)John went to the hospital alone.If he _ me about it，I would have gone with him.Ashould tell Btells Ctold Dhad told完成句子3)_(你认为他们什么时候) will be back?4)_(如果我是你) ，I shouldnt do that.2Indeed ，his sunburnt face and
16、arms and his slim，strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers，for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.的确，他被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又结实的身躯，就跟其他千百万中国农民一样，过去 50 年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。剖析：1)本句中含有一个定语从句 for whom he has struggled for the past five decades，修饰先行词 Chinese farmers。该定语从句的引导词是
17、“介词whom”的形式。如：I wont forget the old worker with whom I worked for three years.我不会忘记那位老工人，我和他在一起工作了三年。2)those 代替前面的名词 his sunburnt face and arms and his slim，strong body。考点：struggle vi .& n斗争；拼搏；努力 He has struggled against illness for many years.他与疾病斗争很多年了。The young man is struggling for his future.这
18、个年轻人在为自己的将来拼搏。A bird was caught in the net and was struggling to get free.一只鸟被网罩住了，挣扎着想要逃脱。It was a hard struggle to get my work done in time.为使工作按时完成，我作了一番艰苦的努力。归纳：struggle against 的含义是“同作斗争”struggle for 的含义是“为奋斗”struggle to do sth 的含义是“ 挣扎着做某事 ”struggle 作名词时是可数名词。单项填空1)She showed the visitors arou
19、nd the museum，the construction _ had taken more than three years.Afor which Bwith which Cof which Dto which2)They had to _ all kinds of difficulties.Astruggle with Bstruggle for Cstruggle along Dstruggle of翻译句子3)那个小孩在我怀里挣扎。_4)那时他们为了生存而斗争。_3Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without
20、 expanding the area of the fields.袁博士要在不增加土地面积的基础上寻求增收稻谷的途径。剖析：句子中的动词不定式短语 to increase rice harvests 在句子中作定语，修饰 a way。如：Can you think of a way to solve the problem?你能想出一个办法来解决这个问题吗？考点：expand vt.& vi .使变大；伸展 She expanded her store by adding a second room.她通过再增加一间房子来扩大自己的商店。The flowers expanded in the
21、 sunshine.花儿在阳光下开放了。Our foreign trade has expanded greatly in recent years.我国的对外贸易近几年来已有很大发展。1)expand 还有“ 细说；阐述” 的含义。如：You mentioned the need for extra funding.Would you please expand on that?你提到了增加资金的必要性，请你充分叙述一下好吗？归纳：expand 作“细说；阐述”讲时，常与介词 on 连用。2)expand 的名词为 expansion。expansion 作“扩大；膨胀”等讲时，是不可数名词
22、；作“扩大物；增加部分” 讲时，则是可数名词。3)辨析 expand 与 extend：expand 是“范围” 扩张；extend 意为“延伸”，也有“ 扩张”的意思。单项填空1)The new system _ the role of family doctors.Aexpanded Bspread Cdeveloped Dincreased2)Metals _ when they are heated.Aenlarge Bexpand Cextend Dstretch用 expand 的适当形式填空3)A balloon _ when it was blown up.4)He breat
23、hed deeply and _ his chest.5)Many old factories _ in recent years.4Thanks to his research， the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.多亏了他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中又多了些方法。剖析：thanks to his research 在句子中作原因状语。考点一：thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为Thanks to you， I was saved from drowning.幸亏有你，我才没淹死。Thanks
24、to the efforts by the headmaster，I can go back to school now.由于校长的努力，我现在又能回学校上学了。He was criticized thanks to his being late.他因为迟到受到了批评。归纳：thanks to 相当于 because of，具有介词性质，后可接_。同义词：because of，owing to，due to 考点二：rid.of 摆脱；除去He finally rid himself of all financial worries.他终于使自己摆脱了所有的财政忧虑。You have rid
25、yourself of that bad habit.你已经改掉了那个坏习惯。归纳：rid 的过去式和过去分词均是_。1)近义词：free.of 使摆脱 break away from 脱离，摆脱2)rid 的常用短语归纳：be rid of 摆脱掉get rid of 摆脱掉；除掉；处理掉如：I am glad to be rid of him.我很高兴摆脱了他。Well have to get rid of him.我们必须摆脱掉他。He hopes to get rid of his bad habits.他希望除掉他的坏习惯。3)用于“ 动词某人of某物 ”的常见短语还有：rob sb
26、 of sth 抢劫某人某物remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事inform sb of sth 通知某人某事convince sb of sth 使某人信服某事单项填空1) If you want to advance yourself in your studies，you will first have to _ yourself of those shortcomings that can become barriers to progress.Aremove Breact Crid Dreduce2)Youre coughing badly，Martin.Why not g
27、ive up smoking?Give up smoking？Easier said than done，Amy.Once you _ the habit of smoking，it is very hard for you to _.Akeep up；break it away Btake up；drop it outCpick up；get rid of it Dbuild up；do away with it 翻译句子3)你应该除去这些坏习惯。_4)她最终不再牙疼了。_5Using his hybrid rice，farmers are producing harvests twice
28、as large as before.用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。剖析：1)本句中的动词ing 形式短语 using his hybrid rice 作方式状语。动词ing 形式除了作方式状语外，也可以作时间状语、原因状语或结果状语。2)as.as 前可以用表示倍数的词来修饰，如 half，a quarter，twice，three times 等，意为“是多少倍 ”。 倍数的表达可用下面五个句型：倍数as形容词/副词原级as倍数形容词/副词比较级 than倍数the名词(size，length，width，height，amount 等)of倍数whatclauseb
29、y倍数This tree is three times as tall as that one.这棵树的高是那棵树的三倍。The Yangtze River is almost three times longer than the Pearl River.长江差不多是珠江三倍长。The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.新扩建的广场的面积是未扩建时的四倍。The production of our factory is five times what it was five years ago.
30、我们工厂的产量是五年前的五倍。Compared with that of last year，our coal output has increased by four times.与去年相比，我们的煤的产量增加了四倍。归纳：time 表示倍数，一般只限于表示基数词在内的三倍或三倍以上；若表示两倍，可用副词 twice 或形容词 double。time 表示的倍数也可以用分数、百分数或某些表程度的副词替换。单项填空1) The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _ the present one.Aas three
31、 times big as Bthree times as big asCas big as three times Das big three times as2) About 110 million people moved to this city.The population is _ as ten years ago.Aas twice large Btwice as large Cas many twice Dtwice as many3) _ around the fire，the tourists danced with the local people.AGather BTo
32、 gather CGathering DTo be gathering单句改错4)Not known what to do，we turned to him for help._5)His room is three times size of ours._6Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life.袁博士很满意他的生活。考点：be satisfied with 对感到满意 One shouldnt be satisfied with only a little success.一个人不应该只因一点小成就而感到满足。1)同义词：be content wi
33、th，be pleased with，be glad with2)be satisfied to do sth 对做感到满意。如：He was satisfied to win the race.他对赢得赛跑感到满意。3)satisfying 和 satisfied 的区别：satisfying 令人满意的，使人满足的。如：a satisfying answer 令人满意的回答satisfied 感到满意的，满足的。如：a satisfied smile 满意的微笑4)同根词及其常用短语：satisfy vt.使满足satisfy ones needs 满足某人的需要satisfaction
34、n满足；令人满意的事to ones satisfactionto the satisfaction of sb 使某人满意的是with satisfaction 满意地单项填空1)The government tried its best to _ the peoples needs，but the people were still not _.In fact， what the government did was not _.Asatisfy；satisfying；satisfied Bsatisfy；satisfied；satisfyingCsatisfied ；satisfied；s
35、atisfying Dsatisfying；satisfied；satisfied2)_ the satisfaction of our customers，the product worked well.AWith BFor CAt DTo选择正确的词填空(satisfying，satisfied)3)He looked at his children with a _ smile.4)He offered us a _ answer.7He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。考点：would rathe
36、r 宁愿；宁可If you would rather be alone，well all leave here.如果你宁愿独自一人，那我们都离开这儿。归纳：would rather 后接动词原形。would rather do sth 的否定形式为 would rather not do sth。would rather 没有人称和数的变化，它通常用于以下两种句型：1)Error!宁愿做不愿做I would rather stay at home than go out on Sunday.星期天我宁愿待在家里也不愿外出。The children would walk rather than
37、take a bus.孩子们宁愿步行也不愿乘公共汽车。2)would rather (that) sb did sth/had done sth宁愿某人(从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气 )I would rather you came with us.我宁愿你跟我们一起。(表示与现在或将来事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时)Id rather you hadnt done that.我宁愿你没做那件事。(表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时)归纳：would rather 后接句子用虚拟语气时，其后的从句应用_来表示现在或将来的动作，用_来表示过去的动作。单项填空1) George is going
38、 to talk about the geography of his country，but Id rather he_ more on its culture.Afocus Bfocused Cwould focus Dhad focused2) He would rather_his life than_damage done to state property.Alose；to see Bto lose；see Cto lose； to see Dlose；see单句改错3)I would rather I havent gone to the theatre yesterday._8
39、Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.在自己身上花钱或者享受舒适的生活对他来说意义也不大。剖析：动词ing 形式短语 spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life 在句中作主语。1)动词ing 形式作主语时，常常为了保持句子的平衡，用 it 来作形式主语。如：It is no use asking him for help.向他求助是没有用的。2)主语用了动词ing 形式，表语和宾语也要用动名词，
40、这在英语中称为对称性。如：Seeing is believing.眼见为实。3)动词ing 形式和不定式作主语时的不同：不定式作主语常表示具体的某一动作；而动词ing 形式作主语则表示泛指或一般的抽象的概念。如：Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old.对于青年人和老年人来说，散步是一种好的锻炼方式。在“There/Itbe no use(good/help/need.)”结构之后常用动词ing 形式作主语，而较少用不定式。如：It/There is no use talking with him.和他谈话是没有用的。但
41、如果该句型中出现了 for 引出的不定式逻辑主语，就只能用不定式。如：There is no help for you to take the medicine.你吃这种药是不起作用的。不定式可以和 when，where ，how ，what，whether 等连用，而动词ing 形式则不能。如：How to solve the problem is a hot potato.如何解决这个问题真让人头疼。单项填空1) Lucy，why not bring along some skincare cream for the trip？To my knowledge，_ to sunlight i
42、n Hainan will surely burn your skin.Abeing exposed Bexposed Cto be exposed Dto expose2)Its no use _ with him.Aargue Bto arguing Carguing Dargued9He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.于是，他拿出好几百万元帮助其他人进行农业科学研究。考点一：therefore adv . 因此；所以；因而Ive never been t
43、o Italy and therefore I dont know much about it.我从未去过意大利，因此我对它并不太了解。He had gone；she therefore gave the money to me.他已经走了，因而她把钱给了我。同义词：so，thus考点二：equip vt .& vi.配备；装备Schools in the north tend to be well equipped，while those in the south are relatively poor.北方的学校常常配备良好，然而南方的学校相对来说配备差一些。Please equip yourself with a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam.请准备一支削好的铅笔和一块橡皮参加考试。They equipped themselves for the expedition.他们为远征而武装自己。归纳：1)equip 的过去式和过去分词需要_最后一个字母 p 再加ed 。2)equip 与介词 _连用，意思是“ 用配备/装备”；与介词_连用，表示
