1、知识感悟 活学巧用 一、词汇详解1.slide vi.要注意,它还常用于引申义:“悄悄地进入或走出”。完成句子(1)汽车滑进了沟里。The car _a ditch.(2)我书桌的抽屉容易推进拉出。The drawers of my desk _ easily.(3)我们赶快溜进树丛里观察动静。Quickly we _the bush and then watched.(4)夏天悄悄地过去,秋天就要来了。The summer days are _and soon it will be autumn.答案:(1)slid into (2)slide in and out (3)slid into
2、 (4)sliding by2.content adj.满足的；满意的vt.使满足n.满足【典型例句】 Dont be content with such a small success.不要满足于这样小的成功。 I am very content to live in a flat with a sitting room and two bed rooms.能够住在两室一厅的房子中我就很满意了。Nothing will ever content him.没有使他满足的事情。The man and wife lived in content.那对夫妻心满意足地生活。【要点归纳】 content
3、 后面接介词 with sth.或 to do sth.。作及物动词用时,常构成 content oneself with 短语。作名词用时不可数,属抽象名词。选译(1)We should never _ ourselves with a little book knowledge only.Which of the following is WRONG?A.satisfy B.meetC.content D.please解析:A、C 和 D 项都有“ 使 满意” 的意思；而 meet 表示“满足”时,后面要接demand,need 等名词作宾语。句意 :我们切不可满足于仅仅有一点点书本知识。
4、答案:B翻译句子(2)看到这样的美景,我很满足。_答案:Im well content to see such wonderful sights.3.badly off 贫穷；缺少【典型例句】 My family was badly off in those days.在那些日子里,我家很穷。The school is now badly off for experienced teachers.这所学校现在缺少有经验的教师。 【相关链接】badly 的比较级是 worse。如果进行比较时 ,常用 worse off。well off 处境不错；幸运的；富有的。例如:He seemed to
5、be very well off.他好像很富有。选译When we think of the children whose families are _in the less developed areas,we are rather fortunate to have good chances to study and nutritious foods to eat.A.poorer off B.harder offC.farther off D.worse off解析:此处是指比我们穷的人。用 badly off 的比较级 worse off。答案:D4.astonish vt.使惊讶【典
6、型例句】 The news of her sudden death astonished us.=We were astonished at the news of her sudden death.她突然去世的消息使我们震惊。It was an astonishing story.这故事令人惊讶不已。 We were astonished to hear that their football team had won the champion.听说他们的足球队获得了冠军,这真叫人意想不到。【要点归纳】 (1)astonish 的现在分词 astonishing 表示“令人惊异的” ；过去分
7、词 astonished 表示“感到惊异的”。(2)be astonished 后面接 to do 或 at sth.表示造成“震惊”的原因。【相关链接】astonishment n.震惊；惊异选译(1)The news_us so much that all of us were_ at it.A.astonished;astonishedB.astonishing;astonishingC.astonished;astonishingD.astonishing;astonished解析:第一个空是谓语,意为“使我们非常震惊”；第二个空是形容词 ,意为“令人震惊的”。答案:A改错(2)It
8、is astonished to see him in the net bar.答案:astonished 改为 astonishing5.entertain vt.failure B.failures;failureC.failure;a failure D.failures;a failure解析:这两个空中的 failure 都用作可数名词；第一个空表示“失败的事”；第二个空表示“失败的人”。答案:D(2)While many people long for _in their careers,some result in _due to their mental abilities.A
9、.success;failureB.successes;failureC.a success;failureD.a success;failures解析:都用作不可数名词。答案:A7.chew vt.then I will take you _ to your room.(5)This is a sentence quoted _ from Latin.(6)She is_responsible to the Minister.(7) He was looking _at me.答案:(3)direct (4)directly;direct (5)directly (6)directly (7
10、)directly9.knock into 撞上；撞见【典型例句】 A truck knocked into a car when running around a corner.一辆卡车在拐弯时撞上了一辆轿车。I knocked into many books which I liked at the bookstore.在这家书店我遇见许多喜欢的书。【相关链接】 knock on/at 敲(门、窗等)knock against 碰撞;同冲突;偶然遇见knock about (=knock around);(口)到处流浪,漫游knock down 打/ 撞倒knock off 敲掉;下班休息
11、;罢工knock over 弄翻;打倒介副词填空(1)He knocked _the door and entered.(2)Lets knock _early today and go to see a ball game.(3)He has been knocking _ Africa most of his life.(4)I knocked _Mr.Smith in the park this afternoon.(5)With one blow he knocked his opponent _.答案:(1)at/on (2)off (3)about (4)into/against
12、(5)down10.pick out 挑出；辨别出【典型例句】 Im going to pick out a few books to send to Mary as her birthday gift.我将挑选几本书作为生日礼物寄给玛丽。Theres such a big crowd that I cant pick Samuel out.人太多了,我找不出塞缪尔来。 【相关链接】 (1)pick up 掘地；捡起；获得；使恢复精神；加快；看到；随便地认识；加速。如 :The children picked up many sea shells at the seashore.孩子们在海边捡
13、到许多贝壳。 (2)pick on 选择(作挨骂或受罚对象) ；挑中(某人) 。如:Why pick on me?为什么偏偏挑中我？ (3)pick at 少量地吃;对吹毛求疵。如 :The bird is picking at the grains left in the cornfield.鸟在啄食田里剩下的谷粒。 选词填空pick up/pick out/pick at/pick on(1)It took Mary a long time to _ a new dress at the store.(2)At the corner the bus stopped and _three p
14、eople.(3)We could _different places in the city from the airplane.(4)She had no appetite and only _food.(5)Why do they always _her to do the difficult tasks？(6)He has _some bad habits at that club.答案:(1)pick out (2)picked up (3)pick out (4)picked at (5)pick on (6)picked up11.cut off 切断；断绝【典型例句】He cu
15、t off three metres of cloth from the roll.他从那匹布上剪下三米。The village was cut off by the flood.洪水使村子与外界隔绝了。I was cut off on my line to London.我打伦敦长途时,电话线被切断了。【相关链接】 (1)cut down 砍倒;减少,缩减；改小或缩短(衣服等) 。如:We cut down our administrative expenses.我们减少了行政开支。 (2)cut out 切去;剪下;删去;中断。如:You can cut out the last sent
16、ence of the paragraph.你可以删去这段的最后一句话。 (3)cut away 切去,剪去；切成,剪成; 走开。如:We cut away all the dead wood from the tree.我们把树上的枯枝全都砍去。 (4)cut up 切碎；切成小块;使痛苦。如:The cook is cutting up the meat.厨子正在切肉。 (5)cut in/into 插嘴 ,插入。如:As we were talking,she cut in with a question.我们正在谈话,她插嘴问了一个问题。 介副词填空(1)The enemy soldi
17、ers were cut _from their headquarters.(2)She was badly cut _about her fathers death.(3)This factorys production has been cut _.(4)She cut _the photograph from the paper.(5)Many big trees along the road have been cut _for building houses.(6)All communications are cut _.(7)The tailor cut _my coat very
18、 well.(8)Lets cut _the unimportant details.(9)He was stopped when he tried to cut _on the queue.答案:(1)off (2)up (3)down (4)out(5)down (6)off (7)out (8)out (9)in12.fortune n.财富；运气；幸运【典型例句】 He received a large fortune when his uncle died.他在叔父去世时得到了一大笔财产。(可数)He did not deserve such fortune.他不配得到这种好运气。(
19、不可数 )She told my fortune by reading my palm.她通过看手相给我算命。(可数 )【相关链接】 (1)fortunate adj.幸运的。如:The old ladys fortunate enough to have very good health.老太太身体很健康,真是好福气。(2)fortunately adv.幸运地。如:Fortunately (for me) the train was on time.幸好火车按时到达。(3)由 fortune 构成的词组及谚语:fortune-teller n.给人算命的人be in good bad fo
20、rtune 运气好坏have good bad fortune 运气好坏have the fortune to do 幸而(做)make a fortune 发财致富tell sb.s fortune 给某人算命run/try a fortune 冒风险seek ones fortune 找出路Fortune favours fools.谚傻人有傻福。Fortune is variant.谚命运变幻莫测;天有不测风云 ,人有旦夕祸福。英汉互译(1)幸好,这种飞机好像相当安全。_(2)他靠卖房子发了财。_(3)你们真幸运有这样一位好老师。 _(4)Fortunately,the fire was
21、 discovered soon after it had started._(5)She is fortunate in having a kind husband._(6)Through all his changing fortunes,he never lost courage._答案:(1)Fortunately,the planes appear to be quite safe.(2)He made a fortune by selling houses.(3)You are fortunate to have such a good teacher.(4)幸好火势刚起就立即被发
22、现了。(5)她运气好,有一个好丈夫。(6)任凭命运变换,他从不丧失勇气。13.whisper n.辨别力；意义；道理【典型例句】I sensed that I had made a serious mistake.我意识到自己犯了个严重的错误。She has no sense of time.她没有时间观念。Anyone in his right senses wouldnt do that.神智清醒的人都不会去干那种事。He had the good sense to withdraw from the election contest.他很明智,退出了竞选。It makes no sense to argue with her.与她争吵没有什么用处。【相关链接】 (1)sensation n.感觉;知觉;轰动;激动; 轰动的事件(或人物)The scandal about the mayor caused a sensation.有关市长的丑闻引起了轰动。(2)sensible adj.明智的；察觉到的 ;有知觉的Be sensible and take your umbrella.聪明些把伞带上。
