1、庖丁巧解牛知识巧学生词巧解【词析】音析:字母组合 ie 发音形析:die(死）+t义析:food or drink used by a person or animals【典句】Grandpa told the children to diet.爷爷叫孩子们节食。 【拓展】1）同根词：dietarian 遵守饮食规定的人； dietary 饮食的；dietitian 饮食学家；dietetic饮食学的2）常用搭配： healthy diet 健康饮食；balanced diet 平衡膳食； be on diet 节食【辨析】 diet 和 food diet 既可指习惯上吃的食物,又可指规定的
2、食物,特指维持健康的定质或定量的食物。food 是一般用语,指任何能吃且有营养的东西。强调种类时,food 可用复数。【词析】音析:e 发 ,字母组合 er 发义析:the capacity for work or vigorous activities【典句】Young people usually have more energy than the old.年轻人通常比老年人有活力。【辨析】energy,power 和 forceenergy 意为“能量；能源；精力” 。如：He put all his energies into helping her.他竭尽全力帮助她。power 可指
3、 “动力、思维能力、权力等各种力量或能力”。如：Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。force 指物理学意义上的力 ,也指为做成某事而使用的力量,还常指武力。如：The robber took the money from the old man by force.强盗用暴力把那个老人的钱抢走了。【词析】音析:元音字母 i 发 ,tion 发形析:digest(v.消化）+-ion(名词后缀)义析:to break down into materials that can be absorbed and used by the body【典句】The students cant
4、 digest all the knowledge,because their digestion is poor.由于他们的消化力差,这些学生消化不了所有的这些知识。【拓展】习惯搭配：to have a good digestion 消化力强to have a poor digestion 消化力差【词析】音析:字母组合 ea 发i 形析:类似的词还有 beam(平衡木)义析:a seed or pod of any of these plants【典句】Coffee beans are the seeds of coffee plants.咖啡豆是咖啡树的果实。 【拓展】相关搭配： bea
5、n curd 豆腐； soy bean 大豆； bean sprout 豆芽；full of beans 精力充沛,精神饱满；spill the beans(无意中）泄露秘密【词析】音析:第一个 a 读 ，第二个 a 读形析:ball(去 l)+-ance(名词后缀)义析:a weighing device;a stable mental or psychological state;emotional stability【典句】He lost his balance and fell over.他失去平衡,所以跌倒。【拓展】1）同根词： unbalance 不平衡；balanced 平衡的；
6、 balanceable 能保持平衡的2）常用搭配：in the balance(命运）未定,在危急中,不确定；off balance 不稳；on balance总的来说；balanced diet 平衡的膳食;keep the balance of 保持的平衡【词析】音析:元音字母 i 读形析:类似的词还有 slam(v.砰地关上）义析:attractively thin in form【典句】They divided themselves into two groups because some are slim,some are stout.他们分成两组,因为有的瘦,有的胖。【拓展】1)
7、slim 与 down 连用 ,意为“ 减肥”；2)合成词 slim-jim 意思是“瘦长的人”；3）同义词有 thin,lean,slight 等；反义词有 stout。tired of 疲倦；厌倦【词析】义析：needing sleep or rest【典句】There is a full moon in the sky,but we are tired of sitting there watching it for a long time.天上有一轮满月,但是看久了我们却厌倦了。【拓展】1）常用搭配：be tired of sth./doing sth.对厌烦；be tired out
8、 筋疲力尽2）同根词：tireless adj.不易疲倦的；tiring adj.令人厌烦的 【辨析】tired 和 tiring tired 指的是某人的主观感受；tiring 指的是某人或某物使人感到疲惫和厌烦。如：a tiring job 令人精疲力竭的工作；a tired man 一个精疲力竭的人【词析】音析:字母 u 读 ,o 读 ,i 读形析:curio(古玩）+sity义析:the desire to know or learn【典句】The curiosity made him follow the stranger.好奇心驱使他跟踪了那个陌生人。【拓展】1）同根词：curio
9、 n.古玩,古董；curiosity n.好奇心,珍品；curious adj.好奇的,奇怪的;curiously adv. 好奇地;curiousness n.好学,好奇2）相关搭配：be curious about 对好奇；out of/from curiosity 在好奇心驱使下,出于好奇。如：Alan went to see the strange man more out of curiosity than anything else.艾伦去见那个奇怪的人,完全是出于好奇。throw away 扔掉；丢弃【词析】义析:send with force by using the arm【
10、典句】Dont throw away the throwaway paper everywhere.不要把这些用过不要的废纸丢得到处都是。【拓展】1）throw away 是动词词组，意为 “抛去”；而 throwaway 是合成形容词或名词,意思是“用后抛去的” 或“免费收发的宣传品”。2）away 的相关搭配：wear away 磨损,消耗； die away 逐渐消失；pass away 去世；break away 挣脱；blow away 吹走；give away 泄露；clear away 移走【词析】音析:i 读 ,词尾的 e 不发音形析:类似的词还有 die,tie,pie 等义
11、析:(tell) sth.that is not true【典句】He lay on the grass thinking about the big lie.他躺在草地上想着那个弥天大谎。【拓展】1)lie 还可作动词,有多个汉语意思。一定要记住取不同意思时该动词的各种变化形式,这通常是考查的重点。下面总结有助于记忆。动词原形 汉语意思 过去式 过去分词 现在分词lie 撒谎 lied lied lyinglie 躺,位于 lay lain lyinglay 放,下蛋 laid laid laying2)习惯用法：tell lies(撒谎） ； white lie(善意的谎言）【词析】音析:
12、e 读 ,字母组合 ear 在词中读 ,ch 读形析:re-(再次）+search(查找)义析:careful study of something in order to find information about it【典句】They researched everything before they made a conclusion.他们在作决定前就做了全面的调查研究。【拓展】相关搭配：do research on/in/into. 研究【词析】音析:字母组合 ea 发i 形析:weak(虚弱的)+-ness(名词后缀）义析:the state of being weak【典句】We
13、 all have our weaknesses in our character.我们性格上都有弱点。【拓展】1）同根词：weak adj.弱的 2）相关搭配：be weak in 在较弱【词析】音析:在 s 之后清辅音都要失去爆破 ,发成与之对应的浊辅音,所以 tr 发形析:strong(o 变 e)+-th(名词后缀）义析:condition of being strong【典句】He gathered some powerful strength to move the heavy stone.他使出了特大的力气移动了那块大石头。【拓展】同根词：strong adj.强壮的；stren
14、gthen v.加强【辨析】strength,power 和 force strength 指人的力气；power 指能力 ,动力 ,权利；force 指力量,兵力 ,压力。【词析】音析:字母 i 的读音为形析:类似的词还有 lid,did,grid 等义析:to clear or free from sth.that is not wanted【典句】We should get rid of our bad habits.我们要改掉我们的坏习惯。 【拓展】1）同义词组：do away with2）由 rid 构成的词组：get rid of 摆脱,除掉,拔除(眼中钉) ；rid onesel
15、f(sb.,sth.）of摆脱，驱除，除去，解除【词析】音析:a 读 ，读【典句】Last night,Jim dreamed he got a large amount of money.昨天吉姆做梦得到很多钱。【拓展】1）amount 也可用作动词,与 to 连用,意为“等于,总计 ,合计,总计达”。如：His debts amount to over $3000.他的欠债总数已达三千多美元。2）amount 和 number 都可表示数量,前者表示不可数名词的量,后者表示可数名词的量。如：a great amount of intelligence 非常聪明；the number of
16、girls in this class 这个班级的女孩人数3）辨析：a large amount of/large amounts of 和 a large/small number ofa large amount of/large amounts of 修饰不可数名词。如：large amounts of money 大量的金钱 a large/small number of 修饰可数名词。如：There are a large number of people there.那里有很多人。get away with 被放过；不受惩罚【词析】义析:be free from punishmen
17、t【典句】The winter vacation is coming,and we can get away with the heavy books.寒假快到了,我们可以逃离繁重的作业了。【拓展】相关搭配：get up 起床;get off 下车;get used to doing sth.习惯于做;get in a word插话;get in touch with 与取得联系;get to 到达;get down to 着手于earn ones living 谋生【词析】义析:to get the pay for life by working【典句】He earns his living
18、 by selling fruits.他靠卖水果谋生。【拓展】earn ones living=make ones living 谋生【词析】音析:e 的读音为e,b 不发音义析:sum of money owned to sb.【典句】I was in debt at that time because my father was in hospital.我那时因我父亲住院而负债。【拓展】相关短语：be in debt 欠债；be out of debt 不欠债【词析】音析:al 发 ,后缀 ly 的读音为l 形析:calm( adj. 平静的） +-ly(副词后缀）义析:without m
19、otion ；free from strong feelings【典句】He faced the difficulty calmly.他平静地面对困难。【拓展】同根词：calm 平静的,镇静的【辨析】calm,quiet,silent 和 still calm 指人的态度冷静或自然界风平浪静；quiet 指没有外界干扰的平静,如可指人安静,寡言；silent 强调寂静,指人保持沉默；still 指静止不动。【词析】音析:are 在这里的读音为形析:类似的词还有 stare,spare,dare,fare,rare。义析:to look at sb.or sth.angrily【典句】They
20、glared at each other.他们相互怒目而视。【辨析】glare,stare 和 seeglare 是“怒视”； glare at sb.怒视某人。 stare 指“由于害怕,吃惊而睁大眼睛注视”；stare at sb.盯着某人。see 指“看见,看到” 。【词析】音析:i 在重读闭音节中的读音为义析:the extent that one can go【典句】Our English knowledge is so limited that we must learn from others.我们的英语水平很有限,我们必须向别人学习。【词析】音析:第一个元音字母 e 发 ,第二
21、个 e 和字母 i 均发形析:词根 bene(祈祷)+fit(适合）义析:advantage,profit;do good to【典句】She won great benefit from books.她从书中受益匪浅。We often benefit from our discussion.我们常常从讨论中受益。【拓展】1）benefit 作不及物动词时 ,意为“受益于”,其介词搭配为 from 或 by。2）短语：for the benefit of 为了的好处【词析】音析:字母 o 发 ,i 发形析:com(=con 一起）+bine(蔓）义析:to bring or join toge
22、ther【典句】Some films combine education with recreation.有些电影把教育与娱乐结合起来。【拓展】1）该词常用于句型 combine A and B 或 combine A with B 把与结合。如：We should pay attention to combining listening with/and speaking in learning spoken English.在学英语口语的时候,我们应该注意把听说结合起来。 2）combine 也可作不及物动词。如：The two small shops combined to make a large one.这两个小店合并起来成为一个大商店。
