1、成都外国语学校 2018-2019 学年度上学期开学考试英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 （共 5 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳答案。听完每段对
2、话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A 19.15. B9.18. C9.15.答案是 C。1.When will the man meet John?A.Tonight BTomorrow CThe day after tomorrow2.What is the possible relationship between the speakers?A.Waitress and customer BCook and waiter CHusband and wife3.What will the man d
3、o next?A.Search for his room key BGo to the front desk CChange his ID card4.Why does the man telephone the reservation office?A.To cancel his flight BTo confirm his flight CTo book a ticket5.What does the woman advise the man to do?A.Pay extra money BDrop the lessons CContinue learning第二节（共 15 小题；每小
4、题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6.Why doesnt the woman like to work in the animal hospital?A. She is not fond of animals.B. She doesnt like the smell of medicine.C. She thinks its
5、too boring and tiring.7.When will the woman help clean up the park?A. On Saturday. B. On Thursday. C. On Monday.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。8.What did Mr. Ewing ask the speakers to do?A. Arrive at the conference centre on time.B. Talk with the branch office workers.C. Help out at the conference centre.9.H
6、ow will the speakers go to the conference centre?A. By asking Mr. Ewing for a lift.B. By driving the mans car.C. By taking the underground.10.What do we know about the woman?A. She cant drive a car.B. She isnt sure about the way.C. She doesnt like to travel alone.听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。11.What are t
7、he speakers mainly talking about?A. The mans sports life.B. The mans medical history.C. The mans school experience.12.What made the mans leg broken?A. A football game. B. A wild cat. C. A traffic accident.13.What does the man say about himself?A. He is afraid of cats.B. He left the school team at th
8、e age of 17.C. Dust could make him sneeze.听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。14.What does the woman probably do?A. A swimmer. B. A boxer. C. A footballer.15.What does the woman do after lunch?A. Have a break.B. Get back to the pool.C. Do track work and body exercises.16.How does the woman spend her most nights?
9、A. Dancing at a club. B. Chatting online. C. Going to bed early.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17.Who helped the students organize the show?A. The art teacher. B. The maths teacher. C. All the teachers.18.What was the money raised for?A. More books. B. More computers. C. Some lights.19.Where did the studen
10、ts find the useful information?A. In magazines. B. On websites. C. From books.20.What was everybody asked to wear at the beginning?A. A hat. B. A jacket. C. A dress.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AUniversity Room RegulationsApproved and Prohib
11、ited ItemsThe following items are approved for use in residential(住宿的)rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players. Items that are not allowed in student rooms include: candles, ceiling fans, fireworks, waterbeds, sun lamps and wireless routers. Plea
12、se note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life.Access to Residential RoomsStudents are provided with a combination(组合密码)for their room door locks upon check-in. Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office of Residence Life may change the
13、 door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others. The fee is $25 to change a room combination.Cooking PolicyStudents living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. Students must
14、 clean up after cooking. This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff. Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use. With the exception of using a small microwave oven(微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.Pet PolicyNo pets except fish are permitted i
15、n student rooms. Students who are found with pets, whether visiting or owned by the student, are subject to an initial fine of $100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet. Students receive written notice when the fine goes into effect. If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not
16、 removed, the student is referred to the Student Court.Quiet HoursResidential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the University. Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11:00 pm to 8:00 am Sunday through Thursday. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday n
17、ights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am. Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of $25.1. Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms?A. Ceiling fans and waterbeds. B. Wireless routers and radios.C. Hair dryers and candles. D. TVs and electric blankets.2. What do we know about the
18、 cooking policy?A. A microwave oven can be used.B. Cooking in student rooms is permitted.C. A housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen.D. Students are to close kitchen doors after cooking.3. If a student has kept a cat in his room for a week since the warning, he will face .A. parent visits B. a fine
19、of $100C. the Student Court D. a written notice【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C【解析】本文是一篇应用文大学校内宿舍使用规则。简明扼要地介绍了在国外大学生宿舍里学生应该遵守的一些规章制度。【1 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一部分中的“The following items are approved for use in residential(住宿的) rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players “可知
20、，在学生宿舍里允许使用电热毯、电吹风、个人电脑、收音机、电视和 DVD 播放器。 故选 D。【2 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三部分中的“With the exception of using a small microwave oven(微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms“可知,除了可以使用小的微波炉来加热食物外，不允许学生在房间里做饭。由此可知选 A。【3 题详解】细节理解题。根据第四部分中的“If, one week from the date of written notice, the
21、 pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court“可知，如果学生在接到书面通知后的一星期里没有移走宠物，他将被送交学生法庭处理。故选 C。BMy First Marathon（马拉松）A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to g
22、o ahead.I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didnt do either well. He later informed me that I was not athletic.The idea that I was not athletic stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I re
23、alized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldnt even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to
24、prove something to myself.Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!At mile 3, I passed a sign: GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the c
25、ourse walking a bit and then running again.By mile 21, I was starving!As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished!
26、And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.zxxkDetermined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a marathon winner.4. A month before the marathon, the author _.A. was well trained B. felt sca
27、redC. made up his mind to run D. lost hope5. Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his 7th year?A. To acknowledge the support of his teacher.B. To amuse the readers with a funny story.C. To show he was not talented in sports.D. To share a precious memory.6. How was the authors first marathon?
28、A. He made it. B. He quit halfway.C. He got the first prize. D. He walked to the end.7. What does the story mainly tell us?A. A man owes his success to his family support.B. A winner is one with a great effort of will.C. Failure is the mother of success.D. One is never too old to learn.【答案】4. C 5. C
29、 6. A 7. B【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了自己第一次跑马拉松，凭借自己的意志力成功跑完全程的励志故事。【4 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句 Yet, I was determined to go ahead.可知，马拉松赛前一个月尽管作者脚踝受伤使得训练时间缩短，但作者仍下定决心参赛。故选 C。【5 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段 I didnt do either well. He later informed me that I was not athletic可知，作者提到 7 年级的事情是为了证明自己真的没有运动天赋。故选 C。【6 题详解】细节理解题。根据文
30、章第 10 段 I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.可知，作者坚持到了最后，而且得到了一块奖牌，虽然不是第一名，由此可见他成功地跑完了马拉松。故选 A。【7 题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在讲述自己跑马拉松的经历，再根据最后一段 Determined to be myself, move forward, f
31、ree of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a marathon winner.可知，作者成功跑完马拉松源于自己的意志。故选 B。点睛：文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。 （2）语言转述型。 （3）语意理解型。 （4）是非辨别型。 （5）事实排序型。此题中的前三题
32、为细节理解题。细节理解题首先要根据题干准确定位信息句，其次要对信息句进行准确的理解和判断，如第一题为转述型，I was determined to go ahead 即 made up his mind to run。第二题为语义理解题。根据文章第二段的信息 In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didnt do either well.可知，作者没有运动天赋。而第三题则为转述型，根据信息句 I was one of the final runners to
33、finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.可知，作者跑完了马拉松，正好与 made it 意义相同。CTheres a new frontier in 3D printing thats beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, an
34、d serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isnt stopping there.Food productionWith a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restau
35、rant in Spain uses a Foodini to “re-create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same,” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table.Sustainability(可持续性)The global population is expected to
36、grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶
37、体 ) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原料). 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food“ that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.Nutrit
38、ionFuture 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterdays bread from the supermarket, youd eat
39、 something baked just for you on demand.”ChallengesDespite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊状物) before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingre
40、dients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants th
41、an homes and high-end restaurants.8. What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?A. It helps cooks to create new dishes. B. It saves time and effort in cooking.C. It improves the cooking conditions. D. It contributes to restaurant decorations.9. What can we learn about 3D food printing fr
42、om Paragraphs 3?A. It solves food shortages easily. B. It quickens the transportation of food.C. It needs no space for the storage of food. D. It uses renewable materials as sources of food.10. According to Paragraph 4, 3D-printed food _.A. is more available to consumers B. can meet individual nutri
43、tional needsC. is more tasty than food in supermarkets D. can keep all the nutrition in raw materials11. What could be the best title of the passage?A. 3D Food Printing: Delicious New Technology B. A New Way to Improve 3D Food PrintingC. The Challenges for 3D Food Production D. 3D Food Printing: Fro
44、m Farm to Table【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要介绍了 3D 打印技术在食物上的应用取得了进展，但目前仍面临着许多方面的挑战。【8 题详解】推理判断题。根据文章 Food production 中叙述了没有经验的人可以用 3D 打印机做出复杂的巧克力雕塑和美丽的婚礼蛋糕，以及餐厅能够用 3D 打印出所有的菜肴和甜点，从而可以推断出 3D打印的优势是节省了做饭的时间和精力。故选 B。【9 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段 Some experts believe printers could use hydroc
45、olloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原料).可知，3D打印机可以使用可再生材料作为食物来源。故选 D。【10 题详解 】推理判断题。根据文章第四段 Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins.（食品打印可以让消费者打印定制营养的食物） ，从而可以推断出3D 打印出来的食
46、物可以满足个人营养需求。故选 B。【11 题详解 】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了 3D 打印技术在食物上的应用取得了进展，但目前仍面临着许多方面的挑战。所以用标题 3D Food Printing: Delicious New Technology，故选 A。【点睛】科普类说明文历来是高考阅读理解命题的重点。本文是一篇 3D 打印技术在食物方面的应用，文章运用一些小标题和对一些专业词汇作了多处中文注释，降低了考生的阅读难度。文章逻辑性强，条理清楚，主要考查学生对语篇的整体把握和领悟能力以及对特定细节的认读和处理能力。最后一小题考查主旨大意，为文章选择出最好的标题。考生做此题时一定要注意选择项必须
47、要能概括整个文章的内容，不能以偏概全。如 B、C、D 选择项在文章中都有所涉及，但不足以概括全文，所以需要考生正确概括全文的主旨大意。DHollywoods theory that machines with evil(邪恶) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something othe
48、r than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics（控制论）, put it this way: “If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose p
49、ut into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.”A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of t
