1、状语从句讲解,在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。,准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。,考核要求,定义,类型,时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句 条件状语从句 方式状语从句 比较状语从句 让步状语从句,连词,时间状语从句,掌握： 1. when / while / as 2. before / after 3. till / until 4. since 5. as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, t
2、he moment, the instant, the minute,时间状语从句-when/while/as,三者可表示“当时候”，区别如下： (1) 若主句表示的是一个短暂性动作，从句表示的是一个持续性动作，三者都可用： He fell asleep when while, as he was reading. (2) 若主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作，且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间，通常要用 while： Dont talk while youre eating. I kept silent while he was writing.,时间状语从句-when/whil
3、e/as,(3) 若主从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边一边”之意思，通常用 as： She sang as she went along. (4) 若从句是一个短暂性动作，主句是一个持续性动作，可用 as / when 但不用 while： It was raining hard when as we arrived. (5) 若主从句表示的是两个同时(或几乎同时)发生的短暂性动作，用 as / when： I thought of it just when as you opened your mouth. 就在你要说的时候，我也想到了。,时间状语从句-when/while/as,(6
4、) 若要表示两个正在发展变化的情况，“随着”，用 as： Things are getting better and better as time goes on. As it grew darker, it became colder. (7) when 可用作并列连词，表示“这时(突然)”； while 也可以用作并列连词，表示“而”、“却”(表示对比)；但 as 则没有类似用法： We were about to start when it began to rain. He likes coffee, while she likes tea.,时间状语从句-when/while/as,
5、注意： 当使用连接词when表示“时候”时，它所引导的从句中谓语动词用一般现在时或者一般过去时，不能用完成时态； when，while和as都引导表示时间的状语从句，它们的区别在于动作发生的时间顺序。用when时，从句的动作可以与主句的同时发生或先于主句动作发生；用as时从句和主句动作同时发生；用while时从句和主句动作同时发生，也可表示持续一段时间。,_ we were talking, Mr. Smiths came in. _ they came home, I was cooking dinner.I was about to go to bed _ I heard someone
6、knock at the door. 4. _ we were watching TV, he was studying. 5. He is fat _ his brother is thin. 6. _ she sang, tears ran down her face.,用when, while或as 填空:,While/ As/ When,When,when,While,while,As,时间状语从句-before/after,Before在之前；After在之后 表示主从句的动作先后发生 1.当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时； 2.如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词
7、多用过去完成时； 3.After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反。,时间状语从句-before/after,1. It will be four days before they come back. 2. My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived. 3. After you think it over, please let me know what you decide. 4. After we had finished the work, we wen
8、t home,Before 与 after,Finish your homework _ you go out to play. He had walked three days _ he found water. It was not long _ he left his hometown.,Before 与 after,4. I played football _ I (had) finished my homework 5. Please tell her Ill come _ I do some shopping. 6. It will not be long _ we meat ea
9、ch other again.,时间状语从句-till/until,till和until一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until。 注意：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。 I didnt go to bed until（till） my father came back. It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English. I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来
10、为止。 I didnt work until he came back.他回来我这才开始工作。,till 与 until,1. He lived with his parents _ he graduated from college. 2. The children wont come home _ its dark. 3. _ you told me I had no idea of it. 4. Not _ he told me did I know the truth. 5. It was _ the war was over that he returned to his land.
11、,时间状语从句-since,since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。 I have been in Beijing since you left. 区别： 1. It is since从以来多长时间了 It is five years since we met last time. 2. It is before(才) It was a long time before I went to sleep again.,时间状语从句-“一.就.”,as soon as, immediately, dir
12、ectly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute,I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast. 吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。 The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot. 我一听到消息，马上赶到了出事地点。 As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up. 我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。,时间状语从句-“一.就.”,hardly(scarcely, rarely)when,
13、no soonerthan 主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。当hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首时，主句应用倒装语序。,He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. No sooner had he arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.,I _ (be) at his bedside since he _ (become) ill. It _ (be) two
14、years since we _ (be) university students. _ (一就) he saw the monster, he turned pale.,填 空,4. The spy had _ returned home than he was told to go to another country. 5. We had _ returned home when it rained. 6. _ had we begun when we were told to stop.,填 空,(1) 当主句为将来时态或具有将来意义时，时间状语从句通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义。 T
15、urn off the lights before you leave. I will tell him as soon as he arrives. (2) 与since 从句搭配的主句的时态通常是现在完成时态。 He has lived here since 1999. Where have you been since I last saw you?,时间状语从句时态,改错题:,She was walking on the street while the accident happened._ 2. I will call you as soon as I will finish my
16、 homework._ 3. After the queen knows it is I that help you run away, she will kill me . _ 4. I have finished the composition when the bell rang._,1. I got in touch with Charles _ I received his letter. A. when immediately B. soon C. immediately D. suddenly2. We were just _ calling you up _ you came
17、in. A. about; when B. on the point of; while C. on the point of; when D. on the point of; as,时间状语从句练习题,3. Most of his great novels and plays were not published or known to the public _ his tragic death in 1786. A. even before B. ever since C. until after D. until before4. Babies sleep 16 to 18 hours
18、 in every 24 hours, and they sleep less _ they grow older. A. while B. as C. when D. after,时间状语从句练习题,5. Did you remember to return the book to our English teacher? Yes. I gave it to him _ I saw him. A. once B. while C. if D. the moment6. A warning news report from Qatar announces that a group of Isl
19、am will continue to kill Americans wherever they are _ they leave the Arab world forever. A. even though B. in case C. whenever D. until,时间状语从句练习题,7. It will be five years _ we meet again. A. since B. until C. before D. when8. How can they learn anything _ they spend all their spare time watching TV
20、? A. where B. when C. while D. but,时间状语从句练习题,要点: 由连词where和复合关系词wherever (=no matter where )引导. 句型1：Where地点从句，（there）主句。 【注意】此句型通常译成“哪里哪里就”；主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用there。例如： Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible. You should have put the book where you found it.,地点状语从
21、句,句型2：Anywhere/ wherever地点从句，主句。 【注意】anywhere本身是个副词，但是，常可以引导从句，相当于连词，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引导的从句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。 而wherever本身就是个连词，表示“在何处，无论何处”。Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.1.Where there is a will , there is a way.2.Wherever you go , I go too.,地点状语从句,判断下列句子类型,1. You would let your ch
22、ildren play where you can see them.2. You would let your children play in the place where you can see them.,1. I have been keeping the portrait _ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my childhood in Paris. A. since B. where C. as D. if2. “_ I live there are plenty of sheep.”, said the
23、boy _ pride. A. Where; with B. When; in C. That; in D. Why; with,地点状语从句练习题,3. He seemed to have been asleep, so I said nothing, but sat _ he would see me _ waking. A. whether; when B. that；when C. which；where D. where；when4. You can still find bones of the birds _ they used to live. A. in which B. i
24、n the place C. where D. that,地点状语从句练习题,5. “_ my feet remain standing above the water level, there is hope.” said the captain. A. Where B. Even if C. While D. Although,地点状语从句练习题,主要连词： because, as, since, for seeing (that), now (that) considering (that),原因状语从句,1.I didnt go to school yesterday because
25、I was ill. 2. Since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. 3. As you are in poor health, you should not stay up late. 4.I asked her to stay to tea, for I had something to tell her.,原因状语从句-because/as/since/for,1）because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。 I didnt go, because
26、I was afraid. Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.,原因状语从句-because/as/since/for,2）如果不是说明直接原因，起补充说明的作用，用for。 He is absent today, for he is ill. He must be ill, for he is absent today.,原因状语从句-because/as/since/for,3) as和for的区别：通常情况下，as引导的从句在主句前，for引导的从句在主句后。例：As the weather is
27、cold, I stay at home.I stay at home, for the weather is cold.,原因状语从句-because/as/since/for,用because, as, since 与for填空:,- Why are you crying, meg?- _ Ive broken your necklace, mom. 2. I went to bed early _ I was tired. 3. I was not kind to him, _ he was rude. 4. _ I had a cold, I was absent from schoo
28、l. 5. My mother was ill and I sent for Tom, _ he was a doctor. 6. _ we are all here, lets begin our class.,1. May I go now? _ youve finished your work, you may go. A. After B. Although C. Now that D. As soon as2. _ it happened to be a nice day, we decided to go to the beach. A. When B. BeforeC. If D
29、. Since,原因状语从句-练习题,主要的连词： so that, sothat, suchthat He studied hard so that he passed the exam. He was so angry that he couldnt speak. He shut the window with such force that the glass broke.,结果状语从句,So + adj. + a/an + n. Such + a/an + adj. +n. 正：He is so clever a child that we all like him. 这小孩很聪明，我
30、们都喜欢他。 正：They are such clever children that we all like them. 这些孩子很聪明，我们都很喜欢。 误：They are so clever children that we all like them.,so.that./such.that.,sothat结构与suchthat结构转换：Its such an interesting film that we all want to see it. 这电影很有趣，我们都想看。Its so interesting a film that we all want to see it. 这电影
31、很有趣，我们都想看。,so.that./such.that.,【注】在much, many, little, few 这四个词前总是用so而不用such： He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over. 他摔了许多跤，结果全身都是伤。He earns so little money that he can hardly feed his family. 他赚的钱很少几乎不能养家糊口。,so.that./such.that.,This book is _ rewritten _ children can enjoy it. I
32、was caught in a shower, _ all my clothes got wet. Its _ cold _ the lake has frozen. There are _ many books there _ I dont know which one to borrow.,结果状语从句练习题,5. Its _ good a book _ Ive read it again and again. 6. It was _ a cold day _ there was nobody on the street. 7. _ cold weather remained for three days _ I had to stay at home all day long.,结果状语从句练习题,Thank you,,
