1、1七年级上册英语语法1动词 be（is,am,are）的用法我(I)用 am, 你(you) 用 are，is 跟着他(he)，她(she) ，它(it)。单数名词用 is，复数名词全用 are。变否定，更容易，be 后 not 加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。2this， that 和 it 用法(1)this 和 that 是指示代词，it 是人称代词。(2)距离说话人近的人或物用 this, 距离说话人远的人或物用 that。如：This is a flower. 这是一朵花。 (近处)That is a tree. 那是一棵树。(远处)(3)放在
2、一起的两样东西，先说 this, 后说 that。如：This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。(4)向别人介绍某人时说 This is, 不说 That is。如：This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦，海伦，这是汤姆。(5)This is 不能缩写 , 而 That is 可以缩写。如：This is a bike. Thats a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。(6)打电话时，介绍自己用 this, 询问对方用 that。如：Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂，是格
3、林小姐吗？Yes, this is. Whos that? 是的，我是，你是谁？注意：虽然汉语中使用“我” 和“ 你”，但英语中打电话时绝不可以说：I am, Are you？/Who are you?(7)在回答 this 或 that 作主语的疑问句时, 要用 it 代替 this 或 that。如：Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗？Yes, it is. 是的，它是。Whats that? 那是什么？Its a kite. 是只风筝。3these 和 those 用法this, that, these 和 those 是指示代词， these 是 this 的复数形式
4、,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those 是 that 的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。This is my bed. That is Lilys bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。These pictures are good. 那些画很好。 Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗？在回答主语是 these 或 those 的疑问句时，通常用 they 代替 these 或 those 以避免重复。如：Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些) 是你的苹果吗？Yes, they are. 是的，他们是。4
5、名词s 所有格2单数名词后直接加 “ s ”：Jims coat 吉姆的外套 Jeffs mother 杰夫的妈妈以 s 结尾的复数名词，只加“”Teachers Day 教师节 the twins books 双胞胎的书不以 s 结尾的不规则的名词复数，加“ s ”Childrens Day 儿童节 mens shoes 男式鞋表示两者共同拥有时，只在最后一个名词后加sLucy and Lilys mother 露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈，一个妈妈 )表示两者各自拥有时，要在每个名词后加sLucys and Kates rooms 露茜和凯特的房间（各自的房间，两间房子）5There be
6、 句型(1)There be 句型主要用以表达“某处（某时）有某人（某物）。”其基本结构为“There be某物（某人）某地（某时）”其中 there 是引导词，没有词义；主语是 be 后面的名词，be 是谓语动词，在一般现在时中 be 只用 is 和 are 两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记there be 句型结构：There be 放句首，主语跟在后。地、时放句末，强调置前头。如：There is a book on the desk.有时为了强调地点，也可把介词短语放在句首。如：On the desk there is a book.(2)There be 句型中的 be 动词如何确定
7、呢？请先看看下面这首歌诀：Be 动词，有三个，am ，is 还有 are。“There be”真特别，不留 am 只留俩，那就是 is还有 are。要用 is 还是 are，须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is，否则就用 are。如：There is a tree behind the house.There is some water（水）in the bottle（瓶子）.There are some pears in the box.(3)注意：如果“be”后的主语是由 and 连接的两个或两个以上的名词，那么 be 的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻” 的原则。也就是说，
8、“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用 is，是复数就用 are。如：There is a book and some pens on the floor.There are some pens and a book on the floor.6like 一词的用法like 用作及物动词，译为“喜欢”。(1)后接名词或代词，表示喜欢某人或某物。如：I like the baby very much. 我非常喜欢这个小孩。(2)后接动名词(v. -ing) ，表示“喜欢做某事”，着重于习惯、爱好。如：Tom likes playing football.
9、汤姆喜欢踢足球。(3)后接动词不定式(to do )，表示 “偶尔地喜欢做某事”，着重于某次具体的行为。如：I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜欢读书，但我今晚想看电视。37句子单数变复数，注意以下五要素(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即 Iwe, youyou，she,he,it they。如：She is a girl. They are girls.(2)am，is 要变为 are。如：Im a student. We are students.(3)不定冠词 a，an 要去掉。如：He is a
10、boy. They are boys.(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如：It is an apple. They are apples.(5)指示代词 this，that 要变为 these，those。如：This is a box. These are boxes.8英语日期的表示法英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词，它们的首字母必须大写，并且前面无需用冠词。用英语表示日期，其顺序为月+日+年，日和年之间需用逗号隔开。如：August 2nd，2003(2003 年 8 月 2 日)。也可以用日+月+年来表示。如： 10th May，2003(2003 年 5月 10 日) 英语日期前介
11、词的使用：若指在哪一年或哪一月，则用介词 in，若具体到某一天，则需用介词 on。9.时间的表达法(1) 直读式，即直接读出时间数字7: 05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen(2) 过、差式，即几点差几分，几点过几分。（以 30 分为分界线）1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two3:43 seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five(3)12 小时制6:00 a.m. 上午 6 点 8:20 p.m. 下午 8 点 20 分(4)24 小时制13:00 13 点钟 22:15 2
12、2 点 15 分(5)15 分可用 quarter4:15 a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six(6)时间前通常用 at.at 5 oclock at 7:30 p.m.10. want 用法(1)想干什么用 want to do sthThey want to join the sports club. 他们想加入运动俱乐部。(2)第三人称单数作主语，want 要作变化He wants to play basketball.Li Xia wants to play the piano.(3)变疑问句，否定句要借助助动词 do 或 does.4Do
13、 you want to play soccer ball ? Yes , I do . / No , I dont.Does he want to go home by bus ? Yes , he does . / No , he doesntUnit1. My names Gina.句型：1, Whats your name? My names Jenny. / Im Jenny. / Jenny.May I have your name?Yes, my names Jenny.Whats his/her name? His/Her names Tony/Gina.2, Im Tony
14、Brown. Whats your full name?My full name/ It is Tony Brown. My first name is Tony. My last name/family name is Brown.3, Whats your/his/her telephone/phone number? Its 555-3539.语法：1,形容词性物主代词：my(我的) your( 你的) his/her/its(他/ 她/它的) our(我们的) your(你们的）their(他们的）后面需要接名词，修饰名词，做前置定语。 在句中可作主语，宾语等成分。My book is
15、 here. This is my book.2, 主格： I you he/she/ itwe you they在句中做主语，一般放句首，后面紧跟 am/is/are 及其他动词。Im a student. She looks great.Unit2. Is this your pencil?句型：1, Is this your pencil? Yes, it is. 2, Is this my pen? No, it isnt.3, Is that his book? Yes, it is.4, How do you spell it? = Can you spell it, please
16、? = Spell it, please.5, Call Alan at 495-3539.Call me/him/her/them. 给我/他/ 她/他们打电话.Call 4953539 拨打 4953539。Call sb. at + 电话号码 拨打找某人6, Is that your computer game in the lost and found case?7, a set of keys a set of + 名词复数语法；1,句中含 be(am, is, are)一般疑问句的变法： 把 be 提前，如果句中有 my 变 your，I 变 you，其他的照抄不变。肯定回答 ye
17、s, 主语+am/is/are 否定回答 No,主语+am not/arent/isnt. 注意：回答时主语如果是物品单数或者 this/that 的话，用 it 替代主语，如果是复数人和物品用 they 替代。2, be 动词的用法口诀；I am, you are, is 他/ 她/它（he/she/it）,单数 is 复数 are. Be 动词跟随主语的变化而变化。5Unit3. This is my sister.句型：1,Is this your sister? No, it isnt.Is she your sister? No, she isnt.2,This is my frie
18、nd. These are my friends.That is my brother.Those are my brothers.3, Thanks for the photo of your family. Here is my family photo.photo of your family = your family photo语法：可数名词单数变复数：一般情况下加 s, book-books， 以 s, x, sh, ch 结尾的加 eswatch-watches 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的，把 y 改为 i 再加 es boy- boys, family-families 以 o
19、结尾的有生命的加 es, 无生命的加 s, tomato-tomatoes, photo-photosunit4. Wheres my backpack?句型：Wheres the baseball? Its in the backpack.Wheres my computer game? Its under the bed.Where are his keys? Theyre on the dresser.Where are your books? Theyre on the chair.Where are her keys? Theyre on the table.Where are yo
20、u? Im at school.Is it on the dresser? No, it isnt.Please take these things to your sister.Can you bring some things to school?The book is on the floor.语法: 1,询问人或物品在哪里，我们用 Where, 结构为 where+is/are+人/ 物品名称? “在哪里” 回答用 主语+is/are +in/at/under/on/near +地点注意：表示“在地方” 地点前要用定冠词 the 或者形容词性物主代词 my/your/his/their
21、 修饰，但是两者不能同时出现，我们可以说 in the room, in my room 但是绝对不可以in the my room.词语用法:1, take v.带走， 把人或物品带到别的地方去，take to 把带到去bring v.带来，把人或物品从别的地方带到说话的地方来 bringto 把带到来 2,please 后接动词用原形。unit5. Do you have a soccer ball?句型: Do you have a TV? Yes, I do/No, I dont.Do they have a computer? Yes, they do./No, they dont.
22、Does he have a tennis racket? Yes, he does./No, he doesnt.Does she have a soccer ball? Yes, she does./No, she doesnt.Does he have a ping-pang ball? Yes, he does./No, he doesnt.Lets play soccer. Let me help you.I dont have a soccer ball.That sounds good.6语法：1,句中不含 be(am,is,are)动词的 一般疑问句的变法。 也就是说句中谓语动
23、词是实义动词时，要变为一般疑问句，在句首加 do/does（当主语是第三人称单数的时候用 does）,第一人称变第二人称，动词变原形其他的语序不变。I have a computer. Do you have a computer? She likes playing ping-pang.- Does she like playing ping-pang.肯定回答用 yes, 主语+do/does.否定回答用 No,主语+dont/doesnt.2 一般句子中当主语是第三人称单数的时候，谓语动词要起变化。具体的变化为：一般情况加 s, know-knows, 以 s,x,ch,sh,o 结尾的
24、加 es, teach-teaches, go-goes, 以辅音字母加 y 结尾，把 y 改为 i, 再加 es study-studies3,do/does 叫做助动词(语法需要加上去翻译部出来的动词) 时，后面接动词原形，Does he like reading? She doesnt like reading. She doesnt do her homework.但是如果做实义动词(能翻译出来意思的动词) 呢，遇到主语第三人称单数就要起变化。She does her homework. 4，have 的第三人称单数为 has.5, let sb do sth 让某人做某事 （sb 代
25、表人，如果是代词用宾格， do 代表动词原形）6，play+球类 表示“踢，打，玩” play footballplay+the+乐器 表示“弹奏乐器” play the pianounit6 Do you like bananas?句型：Do you like salad? Yes, I do./No, I dont.Does he like pears? Yes, he does./No, he doesnt.I like oranges. I dont like oranges.Running star eats lots of healthy food.语法: 句中谓语动词是实义动词的
26、陈述句，变否定形式在实义动词前加 dontdoesnt(主语是第三人称单数时用 doesnt).like doing sth/like to do sth 喜欢做某事I like swimming. She likes to eat hamburgers.Unit7 How much are these pants?句型：How much is the red sweater? Its eight dollars.Whats the price of the red sweater? Its eight dollars.How much are these black pants? Theyr
27、e ten dollars.Whats the price of these black pants? Theyre ten dollars.Can I help you?=What can I do for you?Yes, please. I want a sweater.What color do you want?Blue.Here you are.How much is it?Nine dollars.Ill take it.Anyone can afford our prices.Come and see for yourself at Huaxing Clothes Store.
28、7We have sweaters at a very good price.You can buy socks for only $1 each.The girl in red is my friend.The green shorts are on sale for $25.结构： 询问价格 How much + is/are + 物品名称？Whats the price of+ 物品名称？ 多少钱？回答：Its/Theyre + 价格Unit8 When is your birthday?句型：When is your birthday? My birthday is November
29、11th.When is Liu Pings birthday? Her birthday is on September 5th.When is his birthday? Its March 21st.语法： 月份前用介词 in, in May 在六月， 但是具体到某一天用介词 on, on May 1st.Unit9 Do you want to go to a movie?句型：Do you want to go to a movie? Yes, I do./ No, I dont.Does he want to go to a movie? Yes, he does./No, he
30、doesnt.What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.I like thrillers and l like Beijing Opera.I like comedies but I dont like documentaries.She often goes to see Chinese action movies on weekends.She thinks she can learn about Chinese history.He really likes his movies.Mike fat
31、her likes it, too! = Mikes father also like it.I think its boring/exciting/interesting/relaxing.She is bored/excited/interested/relaxed.语法：too, also 也，都用于肯定句中，但是 also 用于句中，too 用于句末，且用逗号隔开。Unit10 Can you play the guitar?句型：Can you dance? Yes, I can./No, I cant.Can he paint? Yes, he can./ No, he cant.
32、Can she speak English? Yes, she can./No, she cant.What club do you want to join? We want to join the chess club.I want to join the basketball club.What can you do?I can play the guitar.Are you good with kids?Can you help kids with swimming?Come and join us!Musicians wanted for school music festival.
33、Can you draw? Yes, a little. I want to learn about art.Do you have an e-mail address?语法：一般疑问句总结：be 动词提前型，句首加助动词 do/does 型，8can/could/may/will/would 等情态动词开头型， 回答一律用 yes/No 回答。注意，助动词和情态动词后接动词一定用原形。结构：1 join 与 join in 的区别join 参加，指参加某项活动join in 加入 着重加入某种组织，团体，政党并成为其中一员。2，help sb do sth/help sb with doin
34、g sth 帮助某人做某事 3, be good at=be well in 在擅长，擅长于be good for 对 有好处be good with 和相处的很好4, learn about sth 学习有关于 Unit11 What time do you go to school?句型：What time do you usually get up?I usually get up at five oclock.What time does he eat breakfast?He eats breakfast at seven oclock.What time does she go t
35、o school?She goes to school at eight oclock.He brushes his teeth and has a shower.What a funny time to eat breakfast!To get to work, he takes the number 17 bus to a hotel.The bus usually takes him to work at 19:15.People love to listen to him.He goes to bed at 8:30. Can you think what his job is?Ple
36、ase write and tell me about your morning.Please write soon.语法: 1,时间表达法 1，直接表达法， 8:20 eight twenty2, 间接表达法 分钟+to+时钟 表示“几点差几分”3:40 twenty to four分钟+past+时钟 表示 “几点过几分”3:20 twenty past threea quarter to three 3:15 three quarter past five 5:45half past six 6;30 具体时间前用介词 at 表示在几点 2, What time 问具体的时间，具体到几点
37、When 问时间，范围比 what time 广，可以是具体的时间，也可以是大概的时间结构：take sb to sp 带某人去某地listen to 听write to sb 写信给某人tell sb about sth 告诉某人有关于某事tell sb to do sth 告诉某人去做某事Unit12 My favorite subject is science.9句型：Whats your favorite subject? My favorite subject is math.Whats his favorite subject?His favorite subject is art
38、.Whats her favorite subject?Her favorite subject is P.E.What subject do you like best?I like math best.Why do you like math?Because its interesting.Why does he like art?Because its fun.Who is your art teacher?Our art teacher is Mrs. Jones.Im really busy doing my homework.She is busy with her work.I
39、have science. Its too difficult.Im really tired of watching TVI like to play with my dog.He is always running around with me.结构：1, favorite=likebest 最喜爱2, be busy doing sth 忙于做某事be busy with sth 忙于某事3, be tired of doing sth 做感到厌烦七年级下册英语语法点总结Unit 1 wheres your pen pal from?一短语：1 be from = come from 来
40、自于-2 live in 居住在-3 on weekends 在周末4 write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信；写信给某人5 in the world 在世界上 in China 在中国6pen pal 笔友 14 years old 14 岁 favorite subject 最喜欢的科目7the United States 美国 the United Kingdom 英国 New York 纽约8speak English 讲英语 like and dislike 爱憎9go to the movies 去看电影 play sports 做运动二重
41、点句式：101 Wheres your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/2 Where does he live?3 What language(s) does he speak?4 I want a pen pal in China. 5 I can speak English and a little French.6 Please write and tell me about yourself.7 Can you write to me soon?8 I like going to the movies with my frie
42、nds and playing sports.三本单元的国家，人民、语言对应。1 Canada- Canadian- English / French2 France- French-French3 Japan-Japanese-Japanese 4 Australia-Australian- English5 the United States- American- English6 the United Kingdom-British- EnglishUnit 2 Wheres the post office?一 Asking ways: (问路)1 Where is (the neare
43、st) ？ （最近的）在哪里？2 Can you tell me the way to ？ 你能告诉我去的路吗？3 How can I get to ？ 我怎样到达呢？4 Is there near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有吗？5 Which is the way to ？ 哪条是去的路？二Showing the ways: （指路）1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走。2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转。3. You will find
44、it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它。4. It is about one hundred meters from here. 离这里大约一百米远。5. Youd better take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去。（Youd better+动词原形）三词组1. Across from 在的对面 across from the bank 在银行的对面2. next to 紧靠 next to the supermarket 紧靠超市3. Betweenand 在 和之间between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间among 表示位于三者或
45、三者以上之间4. in front of 在前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom. 课室前面有棵树。In the front of 在（内）的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom. 课室内的前部有张桌子。5. Behind 在后面 behind my house 在我家后面116. turn left/ right 向左/右拐on the left/right of 在某物的左/ 右边 on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边on ones left/ri
46、ght 在某人的左/ 右边 on my left 在我左边7. go straight 一直走8. down /along 沿着（街道）down/along Center Street 沿着中央街9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近10 welcome to 欢迎来到11. take /have a walk 散步12. The beginning of 的开始,前端At the beginning of 在的开始,前端in the beginning 起初，一开始13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开
47、心，过得愉快我昨天玩得很开心。 I had fun yesterday.I had a good time yesterday.I enjoyed myself yesterday.14. have a good trip 旅途愉快15. take a taxi 坐出租车16. 到达：get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到这/ 那/家arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.reach +地方 17go across 从物体表面横过 go across the st
48、reet 横过马路go through 从空间穿过 go through the forest 穿过树林18on + 街道的名称。 Eg: on Center Streetat + 具体门牌号+街道的名称 Eg: at 6 Center Street三重难点解析1enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣，喜爱做某事I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书。到目前为止，我们学了两个特殊的动词 finish 和 enjoy，都是要带 doing.I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子。2hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试。hope +从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗。（从句即是一个小句子，这个小句子又放在大句子中，从属于大句子，所以叫从句。如tomorrow wil
