1、倒装句 英语句子的基本语序是“主语谓语其他成分”。倒装就是把谓语动词放在主语之前。就其形式来说，分为两种：一种是把整个谓语放在主语之前，即完全倒装；另一种是把谓语的一部分，即助动词(包括系动词、情态动词等)放在主语之前，即部分倒装。,Period Three Grammar & Writing,一、全部倒装 1下面几种情况通常使用完全倒装。 (1)在以here，there等方位副词开头的句子里，表示强调。 Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。 There goes the bell.铃响了。 (2)在以out，in，up，down，away等表示位置变化的副词开头的句子里，表示
2、强调。 In came the teacher.老师进来了。 Away went John.约翰走了。 (3)在以now，then等时间副词开头的句子里，表示强调。 Now comes your turn to play. 现在轮到你玩了。,注意：以上情况主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语的语序不变。 Out he rushed.他冲了出去。 2为了保持句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时： They arrived at a farmhouse，in front of which sat a small boy.他们到了农舍，在其前面坐着一个小男孩。 East of the tow
3、n lies a beautiful lake. 城的东部有一个美丽的湖。,二、部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，即助动词(包括系动词、情态动词等)放在主语之前。如果句中的谓语中没有助动词，则需添加助动词do，does或did，并将其置于主语之前。也就是把原句变成一般疑问句的形式。 1“only状语/状语从句”位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。 Only in this way can you learn English well. 只有用这种方法，你才能学好英语。 注意：如果句首的only修饰主语或only所修饰的状语不在句首时，不用倒装语序。,Only the teachers can u
4、se the room. 只有老师能用这个房间。 He was able to go home only when all the work was finished.只有完成所有的工作时，他才能回家。 2具有否定意义的词或短语，如hardly，rarely，scarcely，nowhere，never，not，little，seldom，at no time，in no way，by no means，under no condition，not until，neither，nor等放在句首时，使用部分倒装。 Hardly did I think it possible.我认为这不可能。 注
5、意：not until从句放于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.一直到孩子入睡后母亲才离开房间。,3把so放在句首，表示前面说的肯定情况也适用于另一个人(或物)；把neither，nor放在句首，表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人(或物)时，使用部分倒装。 They are now preparing for their final examinations and so are we. 他们正在为期末考试做准备，我们也一样。 We didnt attend the party
6、.Neither did they. 我们没去参加聚会。他们也没去。 注意：(1)倒装部分的助动词、系动词或情态动词在时态和形式上要与前句一致，在数上要与后面主语相一致。 (2)so表示对前句内容的肯定，译作“确实，正是”时，应用正常语序。,You seem to like music.你好像喜欢音乐。 So I do.我确实喜欢。 4as，though引导的句子倒装时必须将表语或状语提前(即把句中的名词、形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)。 Small child as he is，he knows a lot. 尽管是个孩子，他却知道很多。 Hard as he worked，he mad
7、e little progress. 尽管努力了，他却几乎没进步。 5so.that句型中的so位于句首时，需用部分倒装。 So serious was the situation that everybody faced a test. 形势如此严峻，每个人都面临着一场考验。,6such位于句首时，句子须倒装，谓语动词的单复数由其后的名词决定。 Such is my hope for the future. 我对未来的希望就是这样。 7在虚拟句中，条件从句的谓语含有were，had和should这三个词时，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。 Had I time(If I had time)
8、，I would go and help you. 如果我有时间，我就去帮助你。 Were I you(If I were you)，I would go abroad. 如果我是你，我将出国。,Should he come(If he should come)，tell him to ring me up. 如果他来，告诉他给我打电话。 8在某些表示祝愿的句型中。 May you all be happy.愿你们都快乐。 May you succeed！祝你成功！,即时跟踪1 用倒装句改写句子 1She has never been to Shanghai._ 2He only then r
9、ealized his mistakes._ 3If you were a fish，the cat would eat you._ 4Although I like it much，I wont buy it._ 5She is so kind that we all like her._,Never has she been to Shanghai.,Only then did he realize his mistakes.,Were you a fish，the cat would eat you.,Much as/though I like it，I wont buy it.,So
10、kind is she that we all like her.,强调句 1强调句型的结构： 强调句的基本结构是：Itis/was被强调部分that/who原句的剩余部分。 It is that teacher who/that is teaching our English. 就是那个老师教我们英语。 It was in the library that I saw her yesterday. 我昨天是在图书馆见到她的。 注意：(1)所强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。 (2)被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。,归纳：(1)如果句子用的是过去时态
11、(如一般过去时、过去完成时、过去将来时、过去进行时)，强调结构中就用was；如果句子用的是现在时态或将来时态(如一般现在时、现在完成时、一般将来时、现在进行时)，强调结构中就用is。 (2)当被强调部分指人时，可以用who代替that。但是，无论被强调的部分是表示地点还是表示原因、方式、时间的名词，都要用that，不能用where，why，how或when。 2强调句的一般疑问句 结构为：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who其他成分？ Was it in Beijing that we got to know each other? 我们是在北京认识的吗？,3强调句的特殊疑问句 结构为
12、：特殊疑问词is/wasitthat其他成分？ When was it that he left here? 他是什么时候离开这儿的？ 4强调句型还可以用“It might be.that.”和“It must have been.that.”表示推测。 It might be in the restaurant that you left your wallet. 你可能把钱包忘在了那个餐馆。 5not.until.句型的强调句 结构为：It is/was not until被强调部分that其他部分。 He didnt go to bed until his wife came back.
13、,他直到他妻子回来才睡觉。 强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. 6谓语动词的强调 It is/was.that.结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do，does或did。 Do sit down.务必请坐。 He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。 Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必(千万)要小心啊！,7几组易混句型比较： (1)强调句与“It is/was时间when”从句：在后一种句型中i
14、t代指时间，when引导的是时间状语从句。注意两种句型中“时间”表达方式的不同。 It was at 8 oclock that we got home.(强调句) It was already 8 oclock when we got home.(时间状语从句) (2)强调句型与“It is/has been时间since”从句：It is/has been.since.表示“自从以来已有(时间)”。,注意：两种句型的时态一般不同，句意也不同。 It was 20 years ago that he came to live here.(强调句) 是二十年前他来这儿居住的。 It is/ha
15、s been 20 years since he came to live here.(时间状语从句) 他来这儿居住已有二十年了。,即时跟踪2 用强调句改写句子 1I am to blame.(强调主语)_ 2I met my old friend in the street.(强调宾语)_ 3Did he meet Li Ping yesterday？(强调时间状语)_ 4An accident happened on the road last night.(强调地点状语)_,It is I who am to blame.,It was my old friend who/that I
16、met in the street.,Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?,It was on the road that an accident happened last night.,5They didnt start until the rain stopped.(对not.until结构中until后面部分进行强调)_,It was not until the rain stopped that they started.,完成句子 1In this box _ (有一些干细胞)that are urgently needed for a pat
17、ient. (2016全国) 2You are waiting at a wrong place. _ (是在旅店)the coach picks up tourists. (2016天津) 3Not until recently _ (他们鼓励)the development of touristrelated activities in the rural areas. (2016江苏) 4Only when Lily walked into the office _ (她才意识到)that she had left the contract at home. (2015天津),are s
18、ome stem cells,It is at the hotel that,did they encourage,did she realize,5Bach died in 1750，but it was not until the early 19th century _ (他的音乐才华才被完全认可) (2015重庆) 6It was when we were returning home _ (我才意识到)what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble. (2015湖南) 7Only after talking t
19、o two students _ (我才发现) that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. (2015湖南) 8Its not doing the things we like，but liking the things we have to do _ (让生活愉快)(2014湖南),that his musical gift was fully recognized,that I realized,did I discover,that makes life happy,9No
20、sooner _ (莫言一登上舞台)than the audience broke into thunderous applause. (2014陕西) 10_ (是不是因为)Jack came late for school that Mr.Smith got angry？ (2014四川) 11It was the culture，rather than the language，_ _ (使他很难适应)the new environment abroad. (2014福建) 12“Never for a second，” the boy says，“_ (我怀疑)that my fath
21、er would come to my rescue.” (2013江苏),had Mo Yan stepped on the stage,Was it because,that made,it hard for him to adapt to,did I doubt,【文体指导】本文是人物描写，属于记叙文体。人物描写的目的是刻 画人物性格，表现人物的精神面貌；人物描写应该力求具体 生动，争取达到绘声绘色地再现“人物”，这样才能深刻地表 达文章的中心。 【常用句式】 1He/She is so.that.他/她是如此以至于 2He/She.，which is often the case.他/
22、她通常,3He/She is such.that.他/她是如此以至于 4He/She is popular with us because.因为，他/她很受我们欢迎。 5The reason why he/she is popular with us is that.他/她很受我们欢迎的原因是 6He/She often.，which is loved by us.他/她通常，这很受我们的欢迎。 7He/She encourages us to.他/她鼓励我们 8Compared with.，his/her method is more.与相比，他/她的方法更 9We.with the hel
23、p of him/her.在他/她的帮助下，我们 10He/She is one of the most.他/她是最的之一。,【写作任务】请根据下面的英文短诗，展开适当的想象，写一篇短 文。My Teacher Mrs.MaryTheres a teacher Mrs.Mary.Who is lovely and forty four.Always encouraging us to try.She leads us to a world of “why”We all admire her more and more.,注意：1.不得照抄短诗原文；2结合短诗的内容，发挥想象，适当展开；3短文不
24、能写成诗歌形式；4词数100左右。 【审题谋篇】 第一步 明确要求本文是要描述一位老师，属于记叙文，要按照记叙文的 要求来写。人称相对统一，常用_。时态常以_ _为主。,第三人称,一般现,在时,第二步 确定段落 Para 1： _ Para 2： _ 第三步 词汇热身 1和比较_ 2让课堂生动有趣_ 3在某人看来_ 4在某人的帮助下_,介绍人物的整体概况,具体介绍人物的特点,compare.with.,make ones classes lively and interesting,in ones opinion,with sbs help/with the help of sb,第四步 句式
25、升级 1和其他老师相比，玛丽老师更注重教学方法。(一般表达)Mrs.Mary pays more attention to her way of teaching than other teachers.(句式升级) _，Mrs.Mary pays more attention to her way of teaching.(分词作状语) 2在她看来，我们不但应该知道是什么，还应该知道为什么。(一般表达)In her opinion，we should not only know “what”，but also understand “why”(句式升级) _，_ not only “what
26、” _we should know but also “why” _we should understand.,Compared with other teachers,As far as she is concerned,it is,that,that,3当她提出问题，她总是鼓励我们独立思考，而不是立刻给我们答案。(一般表达)After she asks questions，she encourages us to think by ourselves.She doesnt give us answers at once.(句式升级1) _ us answers immediately，sh
27、e encourages us to think by ourselves _she puts forward questions.(句式升级2) _ questions，she encourages us to think by ourselves _ give us answers at once.,Instead of giving,whenever,After coming up with,rather than,Of all my teachers，Mrs.Mary is the one who impresses me most.Though she is 44，she looks
28、 very young for her age.And shes one of the most popular teachers in our school. Compared with other teachers，Mrs.Mary pays more attention to her way of teaching.She tries various ways to make her classes lively and interesting.In her opinion，we should not only know “what”，but also understand “why”S
29、o，instead of giving us answers immediately，she encourages us to think by ourselves whenever she puts forward questions.With her help，weve learned how to analyze and settle problems. What a wonderful world of “why” she leads us to！She is such a learned person that we all admire her very much.,【连句成篇】,
