1、高中语法综合复习全解,状语从句,_ volleyball is her main focus, shes also great at basketball. (2011北京)Since B. Once C. Unless D. While【解析】句意为：虽然排球是她的主要项 目，但她还擅长篮球。while“虽然，尽 管”，引导让步状语从句。Since“自从” ， once“一旦”，unless“除非”均不合题意。,练 习,One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away _my daughter heard cries for he
2、lp. (2011浙江)after B. while C. since D. when【解析】语义表示我们正在收拾行李，这 时我的女儿听到求救的呼喊。Be doing when表示“正在做某事，这时(突然)” 是常见结构，故选D项。,状语从句在高考中的考查重点： 1. when, while, as引导时间状语从句的区 别； 2. 名词词组the minute, the moment, the first time, each time, any time等用作连词，引导的时间状语从句； 3. before,和since引导时间状语从句的用 法； 4. although, though, as
3、以及even if, even though引导让步状语从句的用法；,5. 结果状语从句中“sothat”与“such that” 的区别； 6. 条件状语从句unless, providing/provided, suppose/supposing等引导词的用法； 7. “疑问词+ever”和“no matter+疑问词”引导从句的用法； 8. in case引导的状语从句； 9. where引导的状语从句； 10. once引导的状语从句。,状语从句 （Adverbial Clause） 状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作
4、用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。,状语从句概述,时间状语从句 (adverbial clauses of time) 英语中有大量的时间状语从句，多由连词引起： When we lived in town we often went to the theatre. After she got married, she changed completely. We must strike while the iron is hot. It
5、 was a long time before I got to sleep again. As the sun rose the fog dispersed. Tell him as soon as he arrives.,I havent heard from him since he left. Whenever she had a cold, she ate only fruit. You can keep the records as long as you like. Once you have learned Spanish, you will find Italian easy
6、. 也有些时间状语从句不由连词引起： Now that we have decorated the house, we can move in. Every time/Each time I listen to music Ill think of it. I came immediately you called.,The moment I saw him I knew that there was no hope. I had no sooner checked into the hotel than he arrived. Hardly had he arrived when she s
7、tarted complaining. The machine will start instantly you press the button. Directly he uttered these words, there was a dead silence.,有时从句中可省略一些词： Often she would weep when (she was) alone. He retained the consciousness of it while (he was) asleep. Even as a boy he was hopeless at maths. A friend is
8、 never known till needed. Whenever possible, they should be typed. Once over the pass you will see the town before you. 注：在before, after, since之后可用名词或动名词，这时它们是介词。,地点状语从句 (adverbial clauses of place)地点状语从句主要由 where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere 等引起： The church was built where there had once been a
9、Roman temple. You can camp wherever you like these days. Ill take you anywhere you like. Everywhere I go, I find the same thing.,学科网,注：where可以有多种意义，除指地点外，还可指处境等，有许多灵活译法。 He said he was happy where he was. 他说他现在处境很愉快。 Where the money is, there is power. 有钱就有势。 It is your fault that she is where she i
10、s. 她今天落到这个地步都怪你。 The thread breaks where it is weakest. 线从最弱的地方断。,方式状语从句 (adverbial clauses of manner) 方式状语从句由as, like, as if/though引起。 I am as you can imagine short of money. She cant cook like her mother does. I remember the whole thing as if/though it happened yesterday. just as, much as也可引起这种状语从
11、句： Its swims above the sea floor just as its parents did. They tried to cover the fact much as they did last year.,注：(1) 这类从句也有词省略： As expected, the movement rapidly spread. She waited as though for a reply. He glanced about as if in search of something. (2) 这种状语从句有时也可不用连词引起： I cant help seeing thin
12、gs the way they do. She is behaving (in) the same way her elder sister used to. The steak is cooked just how I like it.,原因状语从句 (adverbial clauses of reason) 原因状语从句主要由because, as, since引起: He was angry because we were late. As the soup was very salty, we were thirsty afterwards. Since you are going,
13、I will go. in case, just in case也可引起原因状语从句: He took a spoonful and tasted it in case it was hot. She ought to come down just in case anything happened.,注：(1)还有一些原因从句不带连词： Seeing that it is ten oclock, we shall not wait for her any longer. Considering hes only been learning English a year, he speaks
14、it very well. (2) 某些 “be+adj.”结构后的从句也表原因: Im glad (that) youre been assigned a new job. Im sorry I havent done very well. Im disappointed that you cannot come. He was ashamed that he had done such a thing.,条件状语从句 (adverbial clauses of condition) 条件状语从句主要由 if, unless引起。 If you do that I shall be very
15、 pleased. Nobody will get anything unless they ask for it. if 常可引起虚拟条件句： If I could afford it, I would buy a car. If anybody had asked me, I could have told them what happened. if 或unless 后的从句都可有词省略： If necessary, ring me at home. He would never do this unless compelled.,注：(1) 条件状语从句可由其他连词引起： Suppos
16、ing he cant come, who will do the work? She will go provided her friends can go also. As long as you are happy, it doesnt matter what you do. Whether I agreed or not, the search would take place. Granted that this is true, what conclusion can you draw?,(2) 有时某些条件从句的连词if可以不用，而把语序加以倒装: Were it all tru
17、e (= If it were all true) , he would still not excuse their action. Had they acted sooner, all this wouldnt have happened. Had he been here, he could have met my sister. Should I be free tomorrow, I will come.,让步状语从句 (adverbial clauses of concession) 让步状语从句主要由although, though, even though/if, while,
18、 whereas等词引起，表示“虽然”，“尽管”。 Although he had no qualifications he got the job. Though he does it slowly, he does it very well. Theyll stand by you even if you dont succeed. While I did well in class, I was bad at games. Some praise him, whereas others condemn him.,还有一些其他的让步状语从句： Much as l like Venice,
19、I couldnt live there. However far it is, I intend to drive there today. I will find her wherever she may be. Whatever you may think, Im going ahead with my plans. No matter what happened, he would not say a word.,目的状语从句 (adverbial clauses of purpose) 目的状语从句主要由that, so that, in order that, lest, for
20、fear that, in case等引起。 Lets take the front seats that we may see more clearly. I have given him a key so that he can get into the house whenever he likes. They risk their lives in order that we may live more safely. He didnt dare to leave the house lest someone should recognize him.,I dont let him g
21、o out in this weather in case he should catch cold. I bought the car at once for fear (that) he might change his mind.有时也可用so或 sothat引起： Cant you fix it somehow so you could stay? We have so arranged matters that one of us is always on duty.,结果状语从句 (adverbial clauses of result) 结果状语从句主要由so that, sot
22、hat, suchthat等引起。口语中that可省。 We arrived early, so (that) we got good seats. It was so dark that he couldnt see the faces of his companies. There was such a lot of rain (that) we couldnt go out. So bright was the moon that the flowers were bright as by day. (倒装),有时可以otherwise, or else, else 引起从句，表示 “否
23、则(会有什么后果)”： She had intellect, otherwise she couldnt have escaped these bad guys. Hurry up or else youll be late. Drink this; else you will be sick.,比较状语从句 (adverbial clauses of comparison) 比较状语从句主要由than和as引起： You sing better than I do. It is easier than I thought. You know as much about that as I d
24、o. 在很多情况下，从句中有些词可省略： He has more time than me (I have). He doesnt work as hard as her (she does). She was as interested in music as ever.,1. If a lot of people say a film is not good, I wont bother to see it, or Ill wait _ it comes out on DVD. (2011上海)whether B. after C. though D. until【解析】句意为：如果众人都
25、说一部电影 不好，我不会急着去看，或者会等到DVD 出来。,经典练习,2. The police officers in our city work hard _ the rest of us can live a safe life.(2011上海)in case B. as if C. in order that D. only if【解析】句意为：为了让我们大家过上平 安的日子，我市警察工作非常卖力。,3. Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or _ it is convenient to you.
26、 (2011江西)whenever B. however C. whichever D. wherever 【解析】whenever无论何时，however然而 whichever任何一个， wherever 无论哪 里。请打电话给我的秘书安排今天下午的 会议，或者在任何你方便的时候。关系副 词在后句中充当状语，根据语境可知是指 时间，选A。,4. Frank insisted that he was not asleep _ I had great difficulty in waking him up. (2011江西)whether B. although C. for D. so【解析
27、】句意为：尽管我很费力才将他叫 醒，但Frank坚持说他没有睡着。Although 引导让步状语从句。,5. As it reported, it is 100 years _ Qinghua University was founded. (2011四川)when B. before C. after D. since【解析】“It is + 时间段 +since + 从句（谓 语为一般过去时）”为固定句型，故答案选 D。句意为：“正如所报道的那样，自从清 华大学建校以来已有100年时间了。”,6. No matter how _, it is not necessarily lifeles
28、s. (2011辽宁)a desert may be dry B. dry a desert may be C. may a desert be dry D. dry may a desert be【解析】句意为：无论沙漠多么的干燥， 都不可能没有生命。How +adj.+陈述语 序。,7. He had no sooner finished his speech _ the students started cheering.(2011辽宁)since B. as C. when D. than【解析】句意为：他刚一结束演讲，同学 们就欢呼起来。固定句式 no sooner than。,8.
29、 _ all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post. (2011天津) A. Since B. While C. If D. As【解析】考查让步状语从句。while的意思是“虽然，尽管”，相当于though或although。这句话的意思是：虽然他们都是强有力的候选人，但只有一个人被选中担任这个职务。,9. He had his camera ready _ he saw something that would make a good picture. (2011山东)even if B. i
30、f only C. in case D. so that【解析】句意“他准备好了相机以防看到可 以拍摄的景物。”in case 为“以防；以 免”，even if 为“即使”，if only 为“如 果”，so that “为了，以便”。,10. To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off _ we are to shake hands with. (2011重庆)whichever B. whenever C. whoever D. wherever 【解析】句意为“我们不论是跟谁握手的时 候，我们常常将手套取下，以示尊 敬。”shake hands with sb.表示“与某人握 手”，本句中的with后缺少宾语，结合句意 选C项，whoever在句中引导让步状语从 句。,11. Jack wasnt saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _he had done something very clever. (2011湖南) A. as if B. in case C. while D. though【解析】根据句意，空格处需要填入“好像，仿佛”。故选A。句意：Jack什么也没说，但老师向他笑了笑，好像他做了件聪明的事情一样。,请点击,
