1、基础写作训练-记叙文,基础写作训练-记叙文,基础写作讲评,假如你在春节期间到北京大学参加了一个为期十天的冬令营活动。以下是你参加本次活动期间所写的部分日记摘要。,写作内容 你拟向一英文杂志“我与奥运”栏目投稿，请根据日记内容写一篇短文介绍本次活动的内容及你的感受。 你的稿件需包括以下五方面的内容： 1.本次活动的概况（名称、时间、地点）； 2.介绍校内活动的内容； 3.介绍校外活动的内容； 4.概述你对本次活动的总体感受； 5.你对本次活动的建议并阐述原因。 写作要求 1.只能使用5个句子表达全部内容； 2.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。 评分标准 句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
2、,试题分析,记叙文,一般过去时,第一人称,1.本次活动的概况（名称、时间、地点) 2.介绍校内活动的内容；(Day 1& Day 3) 3.介绍校外活动的内容；(Day 2) 4.概述你对本次活动的总体感受； 5.你对本次活动的建议并阐述原因。,教训：写作之前一定要看清写作内容,学生习作分析,存在问题：主要在语言表达方面。 1.时态错误 2.单词短语错误 3.有些句型用的比较好，如not onlybut also; because ;which 定语从句；so that.但整体读起来仍然让人感觉比较平淡,短语复习,在春节期间 为期十天的冬令营活动 关于奥运会历史的讲座 有点闷,枯燥 体育场 大
3、十倍 开阔视野 户外活动,during the spring festival a ten-day winter camp a lecture on Olympic Games History a little boring sports stadium ten times bigger than broaden ones horizons. outdoor activities,句型修改,1. During the spring festival I attended a ten -day winter camp in Beijing University. 2.We listened to
4、 a lecture on the history of Olympic history and had English lessons. 3.The lecture was boring, but I feel very happy because it broaden my horizons. 4.I also hope that there are more outdoor activities so that we can know more about Beijing.,句型增分修改,1. During the spring festival I attended a ten -da
5、y winter camp at Beijing University.（It is/wasthat强调句型）2.We listened to a lecture on the history of Olympic history and had English lessons.（not onlybut also倒装句型）,It was in Beijing University that I attended a ten-day winter camp during the spring festival,Not only did we listen to a lecture on Olym
6、pic Games History but also had English lessons.,3.The lecture was boring, but I feel very happy because it broaden my horizon.（形容词+as+主语+谓语， 倒装句）4.I also hope that there are more outdoor activities so that we can know more about Beijing.（被动语态）,Boring as the lecture was, I enjoyed myself because most
7、 of the activities were interesting and they broadened my horizons.,I do hope that more outdoor activities should beorganized so that we can know more about Beijing.,修改后的作文,It was in Beijing University that I attended a ten-day winter camp during the spring festival. Not only did we listen to a lect
8、ure on Olympic Games History but also had English lessons. How excited I was when we visited a new sports stadium, which is ten times bigger than our school! Generally speaking, boring as the lecture was, I enjoyed myself because most of the activities were interesting and they broadened my horizons
9、. Finally, I do hope that more outdoor activities should be organized so that we can know more about Beijing.,Tip: 注意整篇文章的连贯性,小结,1.如何写好基础写作记叙文2.基础写作记叙文的写法(篇章特点),a.注意时态和人称 b.按要求恰当整合信息 c.尽可能用我们已掌握的句型增加文章色彩 d.注意整篇文章的连贯性,a.交待故事发生的时间，地点与人物 b.事情经过 c.结果、感想或愿望,总结,记叙文主要是记叙所发生的事情和经历。常见的形式有：故事、日记、新闻报道、游记等 基础写作
10、记叙文注意事项,多为过去时; 最常用到的时态:一般过去时，过去进行时(was/were+doing),第一人称和第三人称,时间,空间,简单句与复合句并用,记叙文常用句型补充,1.)no soonerthan=hardly/scarcelywhen倒装句型 一就, 刚刚就 如： Hardly had I gone to the bus stop when it began to rain. 译：一到达北京，导游就带我们去参观长城,Hardly had we arrived in Beijing when the guide took us to visit the Great Wall.No s
11、ooner had we arrived in Beijing than the guide took us to visit the Great Wall,2.)not .until 的强调句型 如： It wasnt until all the fish died in the river that the villagers realized how serious the pollution was. 译：直到我登上长城，我才真正认识到中国人民是多么的伟大啊。,It wasnt until I climbed the Great Wall that I realized how gre
12、at the Chinese people were.,3.)It was(not) / It will (not) be + 一段时间 + before 过了多久才(不久,就) 如: It was many days before the people found him in the forest. 译：只有3天，我就要离开北京了。,It was only three days before I left Beijing.,4.) so that /only+ 状语倒装句型 如:So fast did he run that we could hardly follow him. Only
13、 when the mother came back, did she stop crying. 译：北京市如此的大而美丽，以至我多待了一个星期在我参观北京之后，我才明白为什么很多外国人喜欢来北京度假。,So big and beautiful is Beijing that I stayed there another week.,Only after I visited Beijing did I knew why many foreigners liked to come to Beijing for their holidays.,初中英语写作中常见的十二种句型,such+名词性词组+
14、that So+形容词/副词+that There be，eitheror，neithernor， not onlybut also Enough+名词+to do too+形容词/副词+to do So that 祈使句+then/or/and+陈述句 Its time,花费时间做什么事 祈使句 反义疑问句 So+be/助动词/情态动词+主语 Neither/Nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语 I dont think、 believe,句型(一) such+名词性词组+thatSo+形容词/副词+that如此以致例如：(1)She is such a good teacher that
15、we all love her.她是一个好老师，我们都爱她。(2)It was such a hot day that they didnt go out for a walk as usual.这么热的天气，他们没有像往常一样去散步。注意点：1.such+a+形容词+名词+that，可以改写成：so+形容词+a+名词+that，例句(1)可以改写成：She is so good a teacher that we all love her.2.在such+形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+that结构中，形容词如果是many/few或much/little时，用so不用such，即：so+man
16、y/few+可数名词复数+that，so+much/little+不可数名词+that(1)There are so many people in the room that I cant get in.房间里人太多，我进不去。(2)The man has so much money that he can buy a car.那人很有钱，他能买一辆小汽车。,句型(二)There be，eitheror，neithernor，not onlybut also例如：(1)There is a pen and two pencils in his pencil-box.他的铅笔盒里有一支钢笔和两支
17、铅笔。(2)Not only you but also I have been to the Great Wall.你和我都没有去过长城。(3)Either you or I am leaving for Shanghai.要么你去上海，要么我去上海。(4)Neither you nor he is right.你和他都不对。(5)Both Jack and Tim are English.Jack和Tim是英国人。注意点：当这几个句型连接主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要考虑“就近原则”，对比bothand 来记忆，bothand连接主语时视为复数。,句型(三)Enough+名词+to do有足够
18、的做某事形容词/副词+enough+to do 足够做某事例如：(1)There is enough room to hold these people to have a meeting.有足够的地方容下这些人开会。(2)The boy is strong enough to carry the heavy box.这个男孩力气够大，能搬动这只箱子。注意点：enough做副词修饰形容词或副词时，放在所修饰词的后面，句子可以用sothat句型改写。例句(2)可以改写为：The boy is so strong that he can carry the heavy box.这个男孩力气很大，能
19、搬动这只箱子。,句型(四)too+形容词/副词+to do太以致不能例如：(1)I was too excited to say a word.我激动得一个字也说不出来。(2)Tom is too short to reach the apple. Tom太矮了，拿不到那个苹果。注意点：这是一个否定句型，不能在不定式前加 not，可以用sothat结构改写，例如例句(1)可以改写成：I was so excited that I couldnt say a word.,句型(五)So that 以便/以致例如：(1)They studied hard so that they could pa
20、ss the exam.他们学习很努力，为了能通过考试。(2)They started early so that they caught the early bus.他们起得很早，结果赶上了早班车。注意点：在例句(1)中,是引导目的状语；在例句(2)中，是引导结果状语。一般来讲，从句中含有情态动词的，为目的状语。无情态动词的，为结果状语。,句型(六)祈使句+then/or/and+陈述句例如：(1)Work hard,and/then/and then you will live a happy life.努力工作，你就会过上幸福生活。(2)Hurry up, or we will be l
21、ate for school. 快点，否则我们上学就迟到了。注意点：以上句型都可以用条件状语从句来改写。例句(2)可以改写成：If we dont hurry up,well be late for school.,句型(七)(1)Its time for sth.是干某事的时间了。Its time (for sb) to do sth.该干某事了。Its time that sb did sth.该干某事了。例如：(1) Its time for the meeting.该开会了。(2)Its time for us to go to school.我们该上学了。(3)Its high ti
22、me that you went to bed.你该上床休息了。注意点：在句型(3)中，可以在time前加rush、 high等修饰词，这个句型是虚拟语气的一种，含有“稍迟一点”的含义。而(2)则是“正是干某事的时候”。,句型(八)(1)It takes sb. Some time to do sth.干某事花某人一些时间(2)sb. spend some time on sth./(in) doing sth.某人花时间在某事上/花时间干某事(3)spend some money on sth./(in) doing sth.花钱在某物上/花钱干某事(4)sth. cost sb. Some
23、 money某事花某人一些钱(5)pay some money for sth.为某事(物)付钱例如：(1)It took me two hours to write the letter.写这封信花了我两小时的时间。(2)He spends half an hour (in) reading English every morning.他每天早上花半小时读英语。(3)He spends one hour on the housework every day.他每天花一小时做家务。(4)The bike cost me 298 yuan.这辆自行车花了我298元。(5)I spent 298
24、yuan on the bike.我买这辆自行车花了298 元。(6)I paid 298 yuan for the bike.我花了298元买这辆自行车。注意点：cost主语一般为物；spend、pay主语一般为人。例(1)中it 用做形式主语，动词不定式为真正主语。,句型(九)(1)Why not do?为什么不干某事？(2)Lets do 让我们干某事吧。(3)Shall we do ?我们干某事好吗？(4)Would you like something/to do sth.?你想要什么吗？你想要干吗？(5)Will you please do ?请你干某事好吗？(6)What (Ho
25、w) about doing?干某事怎么样？例如：(1)Why not go and ask our teacher?Good idea!Lets go.为什么不去问问老师？好主意！走吧！(2)Shall we go out for a walk?No, lets go to the zoo.我们去散步怎么样？不，我们去动物园吧。(3)Will you please fetch some chalks for me?请你给我拿些粉笔，好吗？(4)What about singing an English song? Wonderful!唱首英语歌曲怎么样？好极了！注意点：这些句型都是表示“建议
26、”的句子，可视为同义句。,句型(十)(1)Lets go out for a walk,shall we?让我们出去散步，好吗？(2)Read the book carefully,will you?认真读书，好吗？注意点：在这两个句型中，(2)所代表的祈使句，一般用will you构成反意疑问句。在(1)中Lets表示包括“我”在内，用shall we，但若是let us，表示不包括“我”在内，则用will you。例如：Let us go out for a walk,will you?你让我们出去散散步，好吗？,句型(十一)So+be/助动词/情态动词+主语也Neither/Nor+be
27、/助动词/情态动词+主语也不例如：(1)He can sing a lot of English songs,so can she.他会唱很多英语歌曲，她也是。(2)She speaks English very well,so do I.她英语说得好，我也是。(3)Li Lei hasnt read this book,neither has Lin Feng.李蕾没看过这本书，林风也没看过。注意点：这两个句型都表示和前面所陈述的内容相同，用倒装句。要注意和 “so+主语+be/助动词/情态动词确实是”相区别，试对比一下例(2)：A：She speaks English very well.
28、她英语说得很好。B：so she does.确实是这样。,句型(十二)I dont think his answer is right.我认为他的答案不对。例如：(1)I cant believe she is right.我相信她是不对的。(2)You dont think they will come tomorrow, do you?你认为他们明天不会来，是吗？注意点：Think、believe、suppose 等接宾语从句时，表示否定时否定主句。变为反意疑问句时，若主语是第一人称，简短问句与宾语从句的主谓语保持一致， 若主句主语是其他人称，与主句主谓语保持一致。例(1)变为反意疑问句应
29、为：I cant believe she is right, is she?,常用连接词,first, firstly, first of all, second, secondly, at first, at last, next 2.表示结果：thus, therefore, so, as a result, luckily, unfortunately 3.表示解释和说明： that is to say, for example, actually, and so on, such as, to tell the truth 4.表示比较、对比： just like, in the same way, sooner or later, on the contrary, on the other hand 5.表示总结：finally, in conclusion, in a word, in general, generally speaking, in short, as you know, in the end,Homework,Homework,
