1、语法填空How to fufill the task Grammatical Cloze重庆铜梁一中 古佳,What ? How ?,题目要求： 1.选材：200词左右，话题贴近学生生活。考点设置：词法、句法和逻辑关系方面的知识。 2.分值：共10小题，满分15分。建议用时：8-10mins命题形式：_；_。 3.能力考查：理解语篇、句子结构运用语法、单词拼写,无提示词,有提示词,Possible Procedures,Tip-given 单词提示题,No-tips 纯空格题,art. 冠词,prep. 介词,pron. 代词,conj. 连词,v. 谓词,adj./adv. 形/副词,n.
2、名词,设3-4题 每空一词,Try and Learn,Skill 1: 名词前，若无其他限定词（如：形容词性物主代词my、不定代词any、指示代词this），通常填 _。 卷2）over _ past 25 years 卷3）at _ top of her lungs (用最大声音地) 17） As _ result ; as _ model典范 16）_ other ; for _ while 15）_ most modern；14）_ most outstanding Skill 2: 句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定填 _。 卷3） I was sear
3、ching _ these 3 gorillas.,纯空格: 冠？介？连？代？,the,the,冠 词 (常放在名词前,说明名词类别、数量),不定/定冠词的区分： 固定搭配？特指？泛指？词首是否元音音标？,for,Skill 2: 句子不缺成分（动词后不缺宾语），名词前、不及物动词后，考虑填 _。 卷3） I was searching _ these 3 gorillas. 17）_ a method 作为一种方法; travelled to and _ work.get a degree _ engineering工程学. 16）goes back _； focused_； eat _ t
4、heir hands. 15）fly to Guilin, . only an hour away _ car. _ the same time， 14）next _ the window.,介 词 (不单独作句子成分，常用于名或动词搭配,表词与词、与句之间关系的一种虚词 ),from,by,with,as,Skill 3: 缺成分(主语或宾语)，请思考 _。 卷3）I was just glad to find _ (they) alive. 17）The railway . people were using _ every day.Skill 4: 连接两句(一套主谓算一个句子)用 _
5、,注意：两句间没有连词，或表连接的标点符号：- 。 16）the cultures of China,Japan,Korea, _ Vietnam. 14）. changed in a few days _ even a few months. 卷1) it is more effective at lengthening life _ walking. 卷2) Corn uses less water _ rice. 16）as productive _ possible ; _ the population grew, .,代 词（代替名词或一句话的一种词类）,them,it,并列连词(并
6、列句) 从属连词(名状从) 或关系词(定从),and,As,as,or,15）the Indians figured out (_ thick the walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 卷3) Im not sure (_ is more frightened，me or the gorilla？)卷1) . made a study (published in 2014) (_ showed running reduced the risk of heart disease.) 卷2) . started a pr
7、ogram (_ gives recommendations to farmers.) 17）it is possible to have both, (_ is not good for the health.)But Sarah, (_ has taken part in shows) wants to prove . 16）The scholar Confucius, (_ lived from 551 to 479 B.C.), influenced the development of chopsticks. . in the mid-1980s, (_ I was the firs
8、t reporter.) 15）the Li River (_ are pictured by artists.)Maybe you leave a habit (_ is driving your family crazy.),how,who,which / that,设6-7题 (每空最多3词),Skill 1: 若句中没有别的谓语动词，此时所给动词就用谓语形式：语态 、时态 _、人称数。 卷2） Between 2005 - when the government _ (start) a soil-testing program. 卷3）I was just glad to find t
9、hem alive. The huge animal _ (mean)me no real harm. 卷2）Since 2011, the country _ (grow) more corn than rice. 16）Why would she not want to tell me about what she _(do)?,started,meant,had done,时间状语、前后语境、文体,has grown,（常见不规则动词，如 catch、do、hear、hold等）,15）It was raining lightly when I _ (arrive) in Yangshu
10、o. Yangshuo _ (be) really beautiful. 15）This cycle循环_ (go) day after day. 17）School _ (come) first 第一、优先. 被动语态 _ 16）Truly elegant chopsticks might _ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. 17）Sarah _ (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel.,arrived,is,goes,comes,be made,was / has
11、 been told,be + vt.-ed 。 及物动词后有介词么？有宾语么？,不及物动词vi. 如：happen、grow、rise；turn out .； taste good; sell well; need doing; worth doing; interesting to read;,人称数 _ 17）Fast food _ (be) full of fat and salt. 17）When fat and salt _ (remove) from food. 16）(Leaving the less important things until tomorrow) _ (be
12、) often acceptable可接受的.(Going to bed and getting up early) _ a good habit. The (singer and dancer) _ invited to the party. (注意：两个名词并列表示的是完整或成套的东西, 或表同一个人或一种概念时, 谓语动词用单数.),is,主谓一致,is,are removed,多个动词并列，1) 形式与谁一致，2）谓语与非谓语的辨析： 卷3）Confucius believed (that) knives would remind people of killings and _ (b
13、e) too violent for use at the table. 对比1：When I was a kid, I used to spend hours listening to Michael Jackson and _ (dream) of becoming a great singer. 改错3：Mrs. Green went to the market, buying some fruit and visited her cousin. 改错4：He sat there in silence, looked sad and doing nothing.,were,dreamt,
14、bought,looking,Skill 2 ： 非谓语动词（-ing，-ed，或不定式to do） 若所给动词: 1）作修饰词（定语宾补）；2）在非句子中；3）句中已有谓语动词，与其无法并列。 14) these _ (amaze) stories. 15) . for people _ (live) in Shanghai and HK. 卷2) Chinas approach方法to protecting its environment while _ (feed) its citizens. (同时养活国民) 17) This included digging up the road,
15、 _ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top. 17) People probably cooked their food in large pots, _ (use) twigs树枝 to remove it. (V.-ing， 表主动、进行),amazing,living,feeding,laying,using,（V.-ed， 表被动、完成） 15) The 土坯房 _(build) by the Indians are admired by by even the most modern of archi
16、tects and engineers 卷3) So he doesnt feel _(challenge). 14) . looked very anxious and _(disappoint). (不定式to do， 表目的、未发生) 卷1) You dont have to run for long _(see) the benefit. 卷2) The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice, _(improve) water quality. 17) Skilled workers also combin
17、e various hardwoods and metal _(create)special designs. 卷3) he allowed me _(stay) and watch.,built,challenged,disappointed,to see,to improve,to stay,to create,卷3) avoid _ (look) 14) . kept _ (ride). 17) . spending half-term _ (rest). 卷1) reduce your risk of _ (die) early by running. 17) by _ (eat) f
18、ast food, people will get salt and fat. 15) without _ (use) electric equipment. 16) My duties will include _ (introduce) British visitors.17) They are required _ (process) the food that we eat. 16) Youll be less likely_ (bring) your work home. 15) . are now cold enough _ (cool) the house 17) . wants
19、 _ (prove) ; 14) . refused _ (stop) 16) Whatever it is, _ (make) sure its a relief解脱 from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.,固定搭配,从句 主句：单句(主谓)、祈使句(V原放句首),Skill 3: 修饰名词，表性质, 状态,和特征。常用 _, 作定语, 表语(be/系动词+adj.)，宾补、状语等。 15) As _ (nature) architects ； 卷2) _ (globe) issues 卷1) Running i
20、s always _ (energy). 17) However, be _ (care) ； 14) Just be_ (patience). the old 一类人；something new ; How busy + 句子 keep our classroom clean. I went to bed，hungry.卷3)He screams the _ (loud)of all. 15) _ (long) than . 17) Even _ (bad),careful,energetic (使人)充满活力的,natural,global,（形容词常考前后缀参见步步高P273-274）,
21、形容词 adj.,patient,补充： much better 、 a better idea、 cant be worse The more，the better. Less is more.少既是多。,loudest,longer,worse,Skill 4: 修饰动词v. 形容词adj. 其他副词或全句，用_, 位置灵活，可表时间、地点、原因、程度、方式等概念。 15) it _ (regular) arranges quick getaways for people 16) . take short breaks _ (regular). 17) it must have been
22、_(fair) unpleasant for the passengers. 卷2) A taste for meat is _ (actual) behind the change. (14) 17) It is _ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is unreal. 16) The title will be _ (official) given to me at a ceremony.,副词 adj.,regularly,regularly,actually,officially 正式地,fairly 非常地,certainly 一定地,adj. 变 a
23、dv. 规则： 1）词尾无特殊情况：+ ly ： fortunate 、final 2）词尾是y：变y为i，+ ly ：happy、lucky、easy (除shy) 3）词尾是le： 去e，+y ：simple、gentle、possible 4）whole - wholly ; ture - turly,Skill 5: 分析完整的前后句语境，把握各种词性转换： 变动词v. 卷1) to _ (strength) your leg muscles肌肉. 变名词n. 卷3) a _ (science) ； 卷2) decreased _ (pollute) 17) with the _ (i
24、ntroduce) ；with her _ (educate). 16) the _ (develop) of chopsticks. ; a sense of _ (achieve) 16) Pandas are its top _ (attract). 15) their _ (able) to “air condition”a house. (是否n.复数？) 卷1) heart disease and early deaths from all _ (cause). 15) so many Chinese _ (painting). 16) Recent _ (study) 17) s
25、ome side _ (effect) ; several _ (invitation) 17) avoid terrible _ (crowd) on the roads.,新高考不是弱化语法考查，而是在语境中考查语法、语言知识的综合运用能力。 学习建议： 1、词义、词性两手抓 2、重点记忆动词、形容词副词 3、知晓基本的前后缀构词法（名词、形容词） 4、常见短语、词组搭配要熟悉（冠词、介词） 5、基本句子成分的掌握、从句的划分（连词） 6、非谓语的使用语境及主被动判断,解题思路 How to do The Rational Close within a limited time?,1.理解文意,2.分析句子,3.确定词汇,懂文意，明逻辑,句子类型，主从句，句子主干,词义/词性/词形,命题形式,有提示词,无提示词,谓语动词：时态，语态，主谓一致非谓语动词：V-ing，V-ed，to do,动词：,形容词/副词：,单复数 所有格 词性转换,比较级、最高级 词性转换,并列连词,引导词,介词,冠词,名词：,代词：,人称、物主、反身,数词：,序数词、基数词,Thank you!,
