1、Unit5 Grammar -ing form as adverbial,He sat there.He read a newspaper.,He sat there and read a newspaper.,He sat there, reading a newspaper.,Combine the two sentences:,1.V-ing 作伴随状语：,While crossing the street,you must be careful.,2.V-ing 作时间状语： 相当于时间状语从句,常置于句首,有时为了突出时间, 其前可加 _ 等连词.,when, while,Being
2、 ill, he didnt go to school.,Because he was ill, he didnt go to school.,3.V-ing 作原因状语：常置于句首,一般可转化成由 _ 引导的原因状语从句。,as, because,Working hard, Ill succeed one day.,If I work hard, Ill succeed one day.,4.V-ing 作条件状语：,(Though)Knowing where I live, he never comes to see me.,Though he knows where I live, he
3、 nevercomes to see me.,他怎么还不来呢?,5.V-ing 作让步状语：,Jane fell off the bike, cutting her leg.,He worked day and night, thus making himself near-sighted.,6.V-ing 作结果状语：,He sat there, reading a newspaper.,While crossing the street,you must be careful.,Being ill, he didnt go to school.,Working hard, Ill succ
4、eed one day.,Knowing where I live, he never comes to see me.,Jane fell off the bike, cutting her leg.,动词-ing 作状语,V-ing 作状语时表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语表示的动作或状态同时或几乎同时发生的，或是先于谓语动词发生，它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。V-ing 作状语常表示时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随、让步、结果，多用逗号跟句子其他成分隔开。,1. Looking carefully at the ground, I made my way to the edge of t
5、he crater. 2. Having experienced quite a few earthquake in Hawaii already, I didnt take much notice.,Examine the two sentences:,1. Looking carefully at the ground, I made my way to the edge of the crater.,grammar discovery,2. Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didnt take
6、 much notice.,look,make,at the same time,experience,take notice,before,having done: an action happens before the time expressedby the main verb,When they heard about the volcano, they ran down to the village.After the scientists had studied the information, they predicted that the lava would flow th
7、rough the village.,Hearing about the volcano, they ran down to the village.,Having studied the information, the scientists predicted that the lava would flow through the village.,Rewrite the two sentences:,如果V-ing 表示的动作发生在句子谓语之前，则要用V-ing 的完成式，即是：Having +P.P(过去分词), 主语+谓语 1. After she had finished her
8、 work, she went home.2. As we have invited him here to speak, wed better go to his lecture.,V-ing 形式的完成式,Having finished her work, she went home.,Having invited him here to speak, wed better go to his lecture.,Practice,Complete the sentences with the perfect ing form of verb: arrive, give, spend, ta
9、ke, and buy.,1. _the wrong bus, Tom found himself in an unfamiliar district.2. _ the opinion about protecting the environment, she left the meeting.3. _ the precious necklace, she had no money left.4. _all day at home writing, the novelist went out for a walk in the evening.5. _ early for his date,
10、Mark spent time reading the newspaper.,Having taken,Having given,Having bought,Having spent,Having arrived,Rewrite the sentences using the present or the perfect ing form of the underlined verbs. (page 37 exercise 3),3. Waking up in the middle of the night, she saw her room was as bright as day.,4.
11、Having stopped the car, we fond ourselves trapped in thick fog and couldnt see clearly ahead.,5. Having spent all night reading the documents, I was very tired the next day.,6. Having never seen a rainbow before as a child, he was very excited.,In pairs complete the report using the correct ing form
12、 of the verbs in brackets as the adverbial. (page 37 exercise 4),Having arrived at the party, I found . Standing, I saw some of my . Having taken a drink, I felt Having rested for a while, I felt better and . Having heard a scream, I rushed downstairs only to see .,动词-ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。,Lo
13、oking out through the window, the garden was beautiful.,Looking out through the window, we saw the garden was beautiful.,Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking.,I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking.,True or False:,如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。 The last
14、bus having gone, we had to walkhome. Weather permitting, the football matchwill be played on Friday.,高中阶段有一些固定的动词-ing形式短语，如generally speaking, judging from., considering., supposing.等， 它们的逻辑主语可以和句子的主语不一致。这种动词-ing 短语可当作一个插入语。 Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls. Judging
15、 from his accent, he must come from Hunan province. Considering how poor he was, we decided to let him attend the concert for free. Supposing it rains, what will you do?,语态,时态,V-ing 的时态和语态:,doing not doing,having done not having done,being done not being done,having been done not having been done,_
16、(suffer) from the war for many years, the Iraqi people first really enjoyed the great joy on July 29th, when their team won the championship in the AFC 2007, _ (beat) Saudi Arabia with a score of 1:0. This _ (excite) news has greatly cheered up the people in Iraq. The great success is owed to the fa
17、ntastic players. _ (be) united and optimistic, they overcame the difficulties all the way. _well (train) and _ _(make) great effort, they realized their full potential and did a good job in the final match, thus _(create) a wonder in history.,Having suffered,beating,exciting,Being,Having been trained,having made,creating,
