1、英语语法系列讲座（八）,非谓语动词,一、 动名词的形式和特征： 1动名词由动词原形加词尾ing构成，与动词现在分词同形，动名词具有动词和名词的特征。 2动名词与动词相比较，它具有名词的某些特征，与名词相比较，它具有动词的某些特征。二、动名词的用法：动名词在句子中可以充当主语、表语、宾语等成分。 1 作主语。例句： Seeing is believing. Reading aloud is very important in learning English.,在 “It is no use (good) doing ”句型中，常用it 作形式主语，而将作主语的动名词短语放在后面，例句： It
2、is no use crying over spilt milk.It is no good behaving like that.It does him a lot of good taking a cold bath every day. 2作表语：动名词从内容方面说明主语，可以与主语互换位置。例句：Her job is looking after these children.Looking after these children is her job.The little boys hobby is collecting stamps.Collecting stamps is the
3、 little boys hobby.,3 作宾语： 1） 有些动词只能用动名词作宾语，不可以用动词不定式或其他动词形式代替，这类动词包括：acknowledge, admit, avoid, anticipate, appreciate, consider, deny, enjoy, endure, finish, forbid, imagine, keep, mind, miss, permit, postpone, practice, require, risk, stop, suggest等。例句： We would certainly enjoy having dinner with
4、 the film star next Sunday. At the very moment he considered shouting for help. You should try to avoid making the same silly mistake again.,在短语cant help / stand / bear 和feel like后，也常常用动名词作宾语： All the students cant help laughing at the old professors funny words. It is rather cold outside. I dont fe
5、el like going swimming today. 2）在介词后面通常要用动名词作宾语。例句： My sister is fond of reading novels. Were tired of having the same kind of food every day. Mr. Smith earns his living by teaching at a high school.,3）注意有些动词后接动名词与不定式的情况： remember doing / to do forget doing / to do want doing (to be done) / to do ne
6、ed doing (to be done)/ to do like doing / to do begin / start to do / doing 三、动名词的否定结构、完成形式和被动形式： 1动名词的否定结构为not + 动名词： Trying without success is better than not trying at all. He was scolded for not handing in his exercise in time.,2动名词的完成形式为having + 过去分词，表示动名词的动作发生在谓语动作之前： I regretted not having ta
7、ken my professors advice. He denied having peeked at his neighbors test. 3动名词的被动形式为being + 过去分词，表示动名词的动作与它的逻辑主语的关系是被动关系： Being invited to the party made the whole family rather excited. He is used to being told to do the same work every day.,四、动名词的复合结构：物主代词或名词所有格加动名词构成动名词的复合结构。在动名词复合结构中，物主代词或名词所有格是逻
8、辑上的主语，动名词是逻辑上的谓语动词。这种结构可以在句子中充当主语或宾语等。例句： Please excuse my interrupting you.Do you mind my smoking here? Your going there will make things much better. We are look forward to the experts coming to help us.,Exercise: fill in each of the following blanks with the proper form of the verbs in the bracke
9、ts. 1.She couldnt stand _ (cook) in a greasy kitchen. 2.We are looking forward to _ (meet) the famous writer. 3. The little town is worth _ (visit). 4. It is no use _ (call) our teacher because it is too late. 5._ (invite) to attend the dinner party is a great honor to the family.,6.Will you conside
10、r _ (your son, examine) by the visiting doctor? 7._ (her husband, kill) in the air crash made Mrs. Smith heartbroken. 8.The thief tried every means to deny _ (steal) articles in the supermarket. 9.We congratulated her on _ (promote) to manager. 10.The scientists have got valuable information as to the feasibility of a manned flying saucer _ (land) on Mars.,
