1、What are 情态动词(modal verbs)?,情态动词的特点 情态动词有一定的意义 无人称和数的变化 通常不带to ,后接动词原形 表示说话人的语气或情绪,情态动词备考方向:,1. 各情态动词的基本用法; 2. 易混淆情态动词的辨析; 3.情态动词在特定语境中的用法 4.虚拟语气中情态动词的用法.,How many modal verbs can you remember?,modal verbs,can/could,may/might,shall/should,must,need,dare,ought to,used to,have/had to,will/would,1. can
2、/could,1)表示能力 He can play table tennis quite well. 2) 表示事物一时的特征, 理论上的可能性 Its always warm here, but sometimes it can be very cold. Hes good-tempered. However, he can be hard to deal with when offended. Even an experienced teacher can make mistakes.,3)表示许可/允诺 -Can/Could Tom use the car? -Yes , he can.
3、 You can have my seat. I am going now.4) 表示推测 1) -Someone is knocking at the door. Who can it be? Can it be Scarlet?-No, it cant be her. She called from Tokyo just now. 2) He can not have forgotten it. 3) The accident could have been avoided.,2. may/might,1)表示请求许可-May/Might I come in? -Yes, you may.
4、 2)表示可能性的推测 Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize her. Its so late. I thing he may/might have gone to bed. You might have given him more help, but why didnt you? 3) may用于祈使句表示祝愿 May you succeed! May you return in safe!,3. must,1. 必须 Must I say “sorry”? Yes, you must. / N
5、o, you neednt. You must see a doctor. 2. 猜测 “肯定,准是” She must be watching TV now. There must be some mistake. It must have rained last night. The ground is so wet. 3. “偏要,硬要” If you must smoke, please go out. 4. 否定,表示 “禁止” You mustnt play with fire. You may hurt yourself.,must对比have to,1) 两词都是必须的意思，h
6、ave to 表示客观的需要， must 表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。 My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. He said that they must work hard. 2) have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。He had to look after his sister yesterday. 3） 在否定结构中： dont have to 表示“不必” mustnt 表示“禁止”You dont have to tell
7、him about it. You mustnt tell him about it.,4.Shall的用法,(1). Shall 常用于第一人称表示简单的将来 When shall well meet again? I shall have finished my homework by Friday. (2) shall用于第二，三人称表示： 允诺或强烈的意志 It shall be done as you wish. You shall get a bike as your birthday present. B. 肯定会发生的事情 That day shall come. C.命令或必
8、须执行之事 This law shall have effect in Scotland.,(3)用于疑问句或表示提议的句子，请求听者决定之 1)-Shall we go together? -Yes, lets. 2)-Shall I get you a chair? -Yes, please. 3)-Shall the visitor come in now? -Id rather he came in later.,5.Should 的用法,（） 用于表示义务或责任 You shouldnt drink and drive. Visitors should inform the rece
9、ptionist of their arrival. (2)用于表示劝告或推荐 He should stop smoking. You shouldnt leave the baby alone in the house. They should have called the police. (3)用于表示假定的结果 If I was asked to work on Sundays , I should resign. We should move to a larger house if we had the money.,Should 的用法,(4).用于形容词anxious, sor
10、ry, concerned, happy, delighted 等后接的从句中 We are sorry that you should feel uncomfortable. That he should speak to you like that is quite astonishing. (5).用于if 和in case引导的从句表示某事不太可能 If you should change your mind, do let me know. Should anyone telephone, please tell them Im busy.,(6). 用于so that 和in or
11、der that 之后表示目的或动机 He put the cases in the car so that he should be able to make an early start. He repeated the instructions slowly in order that he should understand. (7)用于表示请求的客气说法 I should like to make a phone call, if possible. We should be grateful for your help.,(8).用于表达不成熟的意见 I should say sh
12、es over forty. I should imagine It will take about three hours. (9). 与疑问词连用表示不感兴趣，难以置信等 How should I know? Why should he think that? I turned round on the bus and who should be sitting behind me but my ex-wife.,ought to 和should,1) ought to ： 比should语气强烈,一般用于肯定和否定句 They ought to be there by now. You
13、ought not to be late again. ought to have done sth. =should have done sth. 本应该做某事而没有. ought not to have done sth.=should not have done sth. 本不应该做某事而做了. They ought to have handed in the paper yesterday. 他们本应当昨天交论文。 You ought not to have wasted your time.,7.可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need 、 dare,情态动词 (+动词原形),行为动词,.
14、,need,dare,1.无人称和数的变化;,2.尤其用于：,*否定句及疑问句中;,*在if/whether之后;,*或与hardly, never, no one, nobody连用;,3.常以neednt 和darent 的形式出现;,4.dare有其过去时dared.,多用于肯定句;(sb.) need to dodare to do (sth.) need to bedone(sth.) need doing,I darent ask her for a rise. How did you dare to tell her that? I wonder whether he dare
15、stand up in public. I dont know how she dares to wear that dress.,7. dare,Do you need any help? I wonder whether he need send it immediately. I need hardly tell you that the work is dangerous. The garden doesnt need watering at the moment. You neednt finish that work today.,7. need,判断正误:,How dare yo
16、u say such a thing?How dare you to say such a thing?,He darent to speak English before such a crowd, did he?He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?,8. used to do sth 过去常常做某事,I used to go to the cinema a lot. He used to be a heavy smoker, didnt he? He used to be a heavy smoker, usednt h
17、e?,9. will,做助动词 :表示单纯的将来)将 He will be home at six. 他六点回家。 做情态动词: 1) (表示意志、意愿)愿,要 You will come, wont you? 你会来的,是不是? 2) (表示经常性、习惯性)经常,惯于,总是 These things will happen. 这种事总是要发生的。,9. would,助动词: (will的过去式,表示过去将来时)将 She said she would come. 情态动词: 1) (表示意志)愿,要;偏要 I told her to stop nagging, but she just wo
18、uldnt listen. 2. (表示过去的习惯)总是,总会 He would sit silent for hours. 3. (表示推测)大概,会 I think he would accept the invitation.,4. (表示喜欢、意愿)愿意,要,想 I would like to have a word with you. 5. (表示虚拟、假设、条件等)要,将要;会,就会 If I were younger, I would join you in the expedition to the Antarctic. Would it be convenient for y
19、ou to leave tomorrow? Would you please come tonight? 6. (表示愿望)但愿,要是.多好 I wish you wouldnt smoke any more.,广东高考情态动词考查方向: 语法天空 1) should 在虚拟语气中的使用 2)情态动词表推测的用法 阅读理解 情态动词在虚拟语气中的使用,广东高考情态动词考查方向: should 在虚拟语气中的使用 1)表示将来的较小的可能性 If she should know it, she would tell me. If it should rain tomorrow, we would
20、 stay indoors. 2)It is high time that we should start out. 3)It is strange that he should have acted towards his parents like that. It is important/necessary that we should learn our mother tongue well.,should 在虚拟语气中的使用,表示要求,建议,命令,请求的从句: It is suggested/ advised/ commanded/ ordered/required/ request
21、ed/proposed that sb. should do sth. Sb. suggest/advise/that sb should do sth. My suggestion/advice is that sb should do He put forward the suggestion that,广东高考方向:表示推测情态动词的重要用法.,肯定的推测可能的推测否定的推测疑问的推测,must,对将来 对现在 对过去,情态动词,may, might,cant, couldnt,can, could,+ V. + V. + have done+ be doing,You must be
22、wrong. They must be waiting for someone.He must have known about it.,He may come by bus; Im not sure. The farmers may be harvesting the crops. Something bad may have happened.,You cant be serious. There were six people in the car. It cant have been a comfortable journey.,Can Mr. Brown be at home now
23、? Can it be true? Can he have passed such a difficult test?,1. I dont know where she is. She _ be in Wuhan.2. At this moment, our teacher _our exam papers.这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。3. The road is wet. It _ last night.(rain),may,must be marking,must have rained,考考你:,4.Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt v
24、ery sure yet.A. must B. mayC. can D. will 5.Michael _ be a policeman, for he is much too short. A. neednt B. cant C. should D. may 6. -There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well.-It _a comfortable journeyA. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt hav
25、e been,7. Where is my pen? I _it. A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost 8. I didnt hear the phone. I _asleepA. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been,D,B,9.-When can I come for the photo ? I need them tomorrow. - They _ be ready by 12:00 A. can B
26、should C. might D. need 10. -I didnt go fishing last Sunday because my car broke down.-You _ mine. I wasnt using it. A. could borrow B. could have borrowed C. should borrow D. must have borrowed 11. -Sorry, Professor Smith. I didnt finish the assignment yesterday.-Oh, you _ have done it as yesterday was the deadline.,B,B,should,
