1、智课网 TOEFL备考资料托福口语中记笔记的方法摘要： 记笔记我们从小学就考试学习了，考托福确实需要考生掌握一定的记笔记的习惯，本文就来为大家简单介绍下托福口语中记笔记的放大，希望对大家会有一定的帮助。Note-taking in the Independent Task该部分要求考生就某一自己熟悉的话题阐述自己的观点。一类问题是自由回答间题(Free-choice Response)，如：If you could have any job in the world, what would it be? Use details to support your. response;另一类是选择类
2、问题(Paired-choice Response)，如：Do you like to try new kinds of food or eat the same kind of food all the time? Use details and examples to support your response,准备时间为15秒，回答问题时间为45秒。问题会被朗读出来，且同时出现在屏幕上。考生可以不用理会电脑的朗读，迅速阅读完问题。这样可以争取大概5秒，那么在这大约20秒内，考生可在草稿纸上迅速记下自己所要表达的关键信息。这里记笔记的方法为“TST表格”。TST ( Topic-Suppo
3、rting ideas-Transitions)意思是考生须在草稿纸上用一到两个词写下欲表达的Topic( 主题) ，Supporting ideas(分论点)和Transitions(信号词) 。下面试举一例：Question:Where would you want to be professionally in ten years? Use details to support your response.考生应迅速在纸上写下“own bus.”、“master”、“work com.”、“start”等信息见以下TST( TopicSupporting ideasTransitions
4、 )表格。Topic statement: own bus. (I would like to own my own business)Supporting ideas: ( How I will work toward owning my business)* master (Will get masters in business )* work com. (Will work in company while planning my business)* start (Will start my own business when I am ready)Transitions: 10 n
5、ext because 3 within 10 y (可用y代替 years)Sample AnswerIn ten years I would like to win an import business of my own. Next year, I will be starting a masters program in business with a specialization in entrepreneurship. I will be getting this degree because I hope to start my own business and make it
6、successful some day. After I finish my masters degree three years from now, I will most likely take a position in another company for a few years to make some money and to spend some time planning my own business. Within ten years, I hope to own my own company and be on the way to making it a succes
7、s.再举一例：Question:Sometimes students have to write papers. Sometimes they have to give oral presentations. Which activity do you think is better for students, and why? Include details and examples in your explanation.考生应迅速在纸上写下“pap”、“strong read write exams”、“more time think deeply”等信息。见以下 TST( TopicS
8、upporting ideasTransitions )表格：:Topic: pap (writing papers is better for students)Supporting ideas: (Why writing papers is better)* strong read write exams (need strong writing skills for reading and writing and prepare for exams)* more time think deeply (show understanding for more time to explain
9、and think deeply)Transitions: firstly because, so alsoSample AnswerI think writing papers is better for students. Firstly we need to develop strong writing skills. We go to school mainly to learn reading and writing, so we need a lot of practice. Examinations require a lot of writing, so writing pap
10、ers is good reparation. Also, I think writing is a better way to show that I understand. When I write a paper, I can think deeply because I have more time to explain my ideas.为了给读者更多机会练习使用“TST表格”，特提供一下6个问题供大家练习。补充练习：1. Describe a place that you consider to be beautiful. Explain why certain qualities
11、 of this place make it beautiful. Include details and examples to support your explanation.2. Some people relax by staying home. Others relax by going out. Which type of relaxation is better for your and why? Include details and examples in your explanation.-3. Describe an occasion when you were sur
12、prised. What happened to you, and why did you feel surprised? Include details and examples in your explanation.4. Some students prepare for tests by studying alone. Others prepare for tests by studying with other students or a tutor. Which study method do you think is better, and why? Include detail
13、s and examples in your explanation.5.What type of home would you like to live in? Describe the characteristics of such a home and explain why you would like to live there. Include details and examples in your explanation.6. Some people exercise early in the morning. Others exercise in the afternoon
14、or evening. Which time of day do you think is better for exercising and why? Include details and examples in your explanation.Note-taking in the Integrated Tasks1. ReadingListeningSpeaking第 3题和第4题以试题中的阅读和听力材料为基础，要求考生回答相关问题。即Reading-Listening-Speaking，具体步骤是首先要求考生在45秒内阅读一篇短文，一般只含一个段落，随后短文隐去，播放一段与短文相关的
15、对话或课堂演讲，其长度大约为1分半钟(比listening section中的材料篇幅要短)。最后，要求考生根据先前阅读的短文和所听到的材料回答相关问题，考生有30秒钟的准备时间，然后进行60秒钟的回答。而第5题和第6题要求考生先听一段听力材料，然后回答相关问题。即Listening-Speaking,听力材料通常有一段是情景对话，另一段是课堂演讲，其长度大约为1分半钟。考生有20秒钟的准备时间，之后进行60秒钟的回答。在综合口语任务里，你所需要记笔记的内容就是在读短文和听材料的过程中记下材料中的“main points”、“examples”、“reasons”等等。.而是否能很快识别“ 信
16、号词”(Signal Words)成为其中的关键。“信号词”(Signal Words或Transitions)是我们用来“ 追踪”说话人的思路的词汇，它就像“ 路标”一样指引着旅行者的方向。有了信号词，我们就知道说话人何时要举例子，何时要下结论，何时要解释原因等等。1)注意一些信号词2)在阅读 (Reading)短文时做笔记在第3和第4题中你会碰到两篇阅读短文，你所需要记笔记的内容就是在读短文的过程中记下材料中的“main point”以及 “examples”和“reasons”等等。切忌写下过多的细节，或为了记笔记而忽略了中心思想。见下例(注意加黑处的信号词) ：Isaac Asimov
17、Isaac Asimov (1920-1992) was an amazing author who wrote an astounding amount of material on an even more astounding variety of subjects. His literary studies included line-by-line analyses of all of the play of Shakespeare; his historical research included works on the history of Greece, the Roman
18、Empire, England, and France; he also wrote well-researched tomes on physics, chemistry, and astronomy. What he is most likely best known for today, however, is science fiction: his Foundation series on a galactic empire inspired by Gibbons Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire and the / Robot series
19、about a future society where humans and robots coexist. In total, Asimov wrote more than 500 books on this wide variety of subjects.从信号词我们知道：TOPIC OF READING PASSAGE: author Isaac AsimovMain points about Asimov：* wrote a huge amount of material (more than 500 books);*wrote on a wide variety of topic
20、s (literary analysis, history, physics, chemistry, astronomy, science fiction)以下是两篇阅读短文，请迅速识别出其信号词，并做出笔记：3)在听对话或讲座时做笔记(Listening)在听讲座或对话时，你需要关注主要观点(major points)以及为了支撑其观点所使用的例子(examples) 和原因(causes)Listening Passage:(Professor): Now Im sure youre all wondering how Asimov managed to write so much. We
21、ll, the simple answers that he did almost nothing except writing because thats what he was driven to do.Asimovs normal routine was to spend time, a lot of time, writing every day. He usually got up at 6 oclock in the morning; he was at work writing by 7:30 in the morning, and he wrote until 10 ocloc
22、k in the evening. Thats a lot of time to spend writing. This desire to spend so much time writing prompted Asimov himself to say “Writing is my only interest. Even speaking is an interruption.“TOPIC OF LISTENING PASSAGE: how Asimov wrote so muchMain points about topic:* Asimov wrote from 7: 30 in th
23、e morning to 10 oclock in the evening.* Asimov said, “Writing is my only interest.“4)整合笔记，最终开口(Speaking) 以上我们讨论过如何在读文章和听材料时做笔记，现在我们已经拥有两份笔记，可以开始答题了，不过答题以前，需要明确以下几点：*你的准备时间为30秒，回答时间为 1分钟，回答须同时包括所听的材料和所读文章中的信息 ;*在答题时不要涉及个人观点，不要说例如“I think”之类的话。你的回答应该仅仅跟所读的文章和所听的材料有关。*在Reading-Listening-Speaking部分中，可能会
24、问你以下几个向题：复述对话中所涉及到的一个观点总结说话人得出某个观点的原因描述听力材料中教挽谈及的问题解释听力材料与阅读材料的联系*此部分的评分标准听力和阅读材料中提炼出相关信息用听力和阅读材料中的适当细节和观点答题观点表达前后连贯一致表达清晰易懂*在 30秒钟的准备时间中，请务必仔细阅读问题的题干，听完材料后查阅阅读材料和听力材料的笔记，提炼主要观点和说出支撑论点的23个分论点。*回答时间为1分钟，时间应该完全够用。语速适中，切记不要着急，请留意时间，你有20秒来展开每一个分论点。*表达必须连贯一致，符合逻辑顺序，适当使用Signal Words, 如下：*如欲介绍两个材料中的主要观点：Th
25、e mans opinion is that.The woman believes that.According to the lecture.The professor made the point that.The reading states that.备考建议词汇准备：建立流畅表达所需要的词汇，尤其是信号词。信号词的恰当使用会使你的表达更诚畅，更连贯。发音准备：提高发音的同时，尤其要主要单词重音和语音语调。录制准备：将自己的声音录下来，听一听有什么问题。笔记准备：平时多听、多看大学讲座、纪录片和英语新闻，边听边做笔记，尽量抓住材料的主题以上就是小编为大家总结的 托福 口语考试中的备考建议，希望给每一位考生一个更好地练习 托福口语 的途径。如果你想了解更多有关 托福听力 、写作、阅读记笔记的方法，可以电话咨询我们的托福老师，我们将会在线给你发送一份详细的问题和相关学生的实例，希望能够帮助到你备战 托福考试 。
