1、Module11 Unit3 参考教案Teaching goals 教学目标1. Language goals 语言目标a. Key words & phrases 重点生词和短语eitheror, neither , none , a few, few, every, each , at the beginning of the day, b. Grammar points:The usage of pronouns.2. Ability goals 能力目标Enable students to master the usage of pronouns and write about a l
2、eaflet about their school. 3. Learning ability goals 学能目标Help the students learn how to use different pronouns correctly and write about a leaflet about their school.Teaching important/difficult points 教学重难点Learn to write about schools and master the usage of different pronouns.Teaching methods 教学方法
3、Writing and speaking. Teaching aids 教具准备A computer and a projector.Teaching procedures and ways 教学过程与方式Step 1 GreetingStep 2 RevisionAsk some students to retell the story in Unit 2.T: Who can retell the story in front of the class? Be brave!Ss:T: You are excellent!Step 3 Language practiceT: Please t
4、urn to page 14 and read the sentences in Language Practice. While you are reading, pay attention to the black words.First let the students read and then let them read after the teacher. At this time, the teacher should stress the black words.T: We can notice that the black words are pronouns. Right?
5、Ss: Yes.T: So in this class, we will learn the usage of different pronouns. Please look at the screen.The teacher show the table to the students.类别 组成人称代词主格：I, you, she, he, it we, they宾格：me, you, her, him, it, us, them指示代词 This, these, that, those物主代词形容词性：my, your, her, his, its, our, their名词性：mine
6、, yours, hers, his, its, ours, theirs反身代词myself, yourself, herself, himself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves疑问代词 what, which, who, whom, whose不定代词Some, any, both, either, neither, all, none, each, every, many, much, few, a few, little, a little, other, another, one, nobody, somebody, anybo
7、dy, everyone, everything, something, anything, nothing.T: So many pronouns and their own examples. We are very familiar with 人称代词， 指示代词，物主代词，疑问代词 and 反身代词。 Today, we mainly explain 不定代词，because its a little difficult to understand and use.来源:gkstk.Com1) some and anya. Some and any 是单数还是复数，要看其所代替的是什么
8、。Some and any 都既可以指人，也可以指物，可以表示可数的事物和人，也可以表示不可数的概念。如：some(any) books, some(any) money, some people, some waterb. 作为代词，它们在句中可以做主语和宾语。如：There are many people in the park. Some are dancing, others are playing Taijiquan.c. some 用于肯定句中，而 any 用于疑问句、否定句和条件句。-I am thirsty. Can you give me some water?-Sorry,
9、 I dont have any. If I have any, I will give you some.2) none and neithera. none and neither 都表示否定的意思，两者的区别在于， neither 用于两者，而 none 用于两者以上。如：Yes, I saw two boys at the door, but neither(of them) is my brother.None(of the students) in my class want to take part in this trip.b. none 除指可数的人和物外，还可以表示不可数的
10、东西，可以指与 one, two, three 一样的数字概念。 如：I have a lot of money in my bag, but none is mine.-How many postcards have you sent?-None.3) (a)little and (a) fewa. a little and a few 表示肯定的概念，而 little and few 却表示否定的概念。如：-Do you have any water?-Yes, but only a little.-Sorry, I have little myself. I cant give you
11、any.He has many friends, but few are true friends/ but only a few are true friends.b. (a) little 用于不可数名词，而(a)few 用于可数名词。如以上例句所示。4）all and botha. all 表示“ 所有的，全体，一切” 的 概念，both 表示“两个都”，而 all 指两者以上，同时还可以指不可数的东西。如：All of the boys went to the cinema yesterday evening.All of the money is mine.-Which of the
12、 two shirts do you like?-I like both.b. all and both 可用于主语之后，如：We all/both passed the exam.5) each and eitherEach and either 都可以表示“每一个”，each 可以表示两者、也可以表示两者以上的“每一个 ”，而 either 只能表示两者中的“每一个”。如：Each of us/We each got a nice card on that special day.-Which of the two shirts do you want?-Either will do.注意
13、：either 表示一种选择，如上面一例，表示“ 哪个都可以”，说明购物者要买一件衬衣而不是两件都要。如表示两件都要，则用 both。each 也可用于句末。如：The old man gave the boys two apples each.T: After the explanation, please do Activities 1-3 Then check the answers. The answers to Activity 1:1. either 2. both 3. something 4. neither 5. a few 6. all 7. ourselves 8. no
14、ne 9. some 10. many The answers to Activity 2:1. of mine 2. myself 3. each other 4. whose is 5. his 6. who is 7. eitherThe answers to Activity 3:1. their, They, they, themselves2. He, himself, him, his 3. She, her, ourselves, we, ours, our Step 4 Listening and speakingT: Do Activity 5: listen and nu
15、mber the subjects in the order you hear them.Then check the answer with the whole class. After checking, let the students listen again.T: In Activity 4, there are some pictures about the different parts of the school and their English names. Now, please label the different parts of the school.The an
16、swers to Activity 41hall 2classroom 3library 4sports ground 5gym 6swimming pool 7. dining roomT: After finishing the exercise, please practice speaking in pairs like this:A: What it in Picture 1?B: Its a hall.A: What can you do in it?B: We can have the concerts, have parties and discos.Then ask some
17、 pairs to practice speaking about the rest of pictures.Step 5 Reading Ask students to read the passage and say where you think it comes from.T: Here is a passage about the school life. Please read it and say where you think it comes from. There are three sources for you to choose.A: A dictionaryB: A
18、 websiteC: A newspaper advertisementGive the students two minutes to read the passage.T: Have you finished reading? Can you give me the answer?Ss: B.来源 :学优高考网 gkstkT: Right. Read the passage again and match the headings with the paragraphs. Before you read, please read the headings first in Activity
19、 7.Give the students two minutes again and let them read it carefully this time.T: Now, I begin to check your answer. Would you please?S1: The 1st paragraph-School hoursS2: The 2nd paragraph-SubjectsS3: The 3rd paragraph- After school activities S4: The 4th paragraph- Sports T: Well done. Now, anoth
20、er task in Activity 8: Read the passage again and check the correct answer. While you are reading and writing, you can discuss in groups.The sample answers to Activity 8:Yes No1. Do students have to come to lessons on Saturdays?2. Is the lunch break longer than one hour?3. Does the school offer team
21、 and individual sports 4. Can students join more than one club? 5. Do students take exams in all the subjects they study?T: So much for this passage. Now, another passage about “Home schooling” in “Around the world”. Have you heard of home schooling?Ss: A little.T: Whats your opinion?S5: I think its
22、 good. Children can study freely and work at their own pace.S6: I also like it. Children can receive more attention.S7: But I think the children studying at home are easy to be lonely.S8: I agree with you. Such children may have some difficulties to socialize with others.T: You have different views
23、about home schooling. Now, lets learn the passage together to know why some parents want to educate their children at home.T: Please read the first paragraph and tell me how many children are home educated in UK and how old they are?Ss: 150,000 and they are between the ages of five and 16.T: Read th
24、e second paragraph and say out the reason: “Why do some parents educate their children at home?”S9: They feel their children will benefit from a more individual, flexible form of education.S9: They think their children can receive more attention and work at their own pace.S10: Some children have a n
25、egative experience of school.T: Just now, someone said that they may be lonely. Then how do the parents solve the problem? Please read the third paragraph.Ss: In some areas, home-schooling families get together so that their children can socialize with others.Step 6 Module task Ask students to write
26、 a leaflet and then present the result to the class. T: School is the place where we study and take part in some activities and we have read many articles about the school life, so I think its easy for you to write a leaflet about school.The sample:Students and teachers: There are 2000 students and
27、80 teachers in our school.Subjects: At our school students can study Chinese, maths, English, politics, physics, chemistry, history, geography and so on. After-school activities: Sports clubs, English clubs and art clubsHomework1. Ask students to do the rest activities in the workbook.2. Ask student
28、s to summarize what they have learnt in this module and preview the next.Grammar: 代词的用法1. 相互代词 1）相互代词只有 each other 和 one another 两个词组。他们表示句中动词所叙述的动作或感觉在涉及的各个对象之间是相互存在的。例如：It is easy to see that the people of different cultures have always copied each other. 显而易见，不同文化的人总是相互借鉴的。2）相互代词的句法功能：a. 作动词宾语：Pe
29、ople should love one another. 人们应当彼此相爱。b. 可作介词宾语：Dogs bark, cocks crow, frogs croak to each other. 吠、鸡鸣、蛙儿对唱。说明：传统语法认为，相互关系存在于两个人或物之间用 each other，存在于两个以上人和物之间用 one another。现代英语中，两组词交替使用的实例也很多。例如：He put all the books beside each other/one another. 他把所有书并列摆放起来。Usually these small groups were independe
30、nt of each other.这些小团体通常是相互独立的。c. 相互代词可加 -s 构成所有格。例如：each others understanding2不定代词1）不定代词有 all , both, every, each, either, neither, more, little, few, much, many, 来源:gkstk.Comanother, other, some, any , one, no 以及 some, something, anything, everything, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nothing ,
31、nobody, no one, none, everybody, everyone.等。2）不定代词的功能与用法a. 除 every 和 no 外不定代词既可用作名词，也可用作形容词。every 和 no在句中只能作定语。例如：I have no idea about it. 我不知该咋办。b. all 都，指三者以上。all 的主谓一致：all 的单复数由它所修饰或指代的名词的单复数决定。例如：All goes well. 一切进展得很好。all 通常不与可数名词单数连用。如：不说 all the book，而说 the whole book。 但 all 可与表时间的可数名词单数连用。如
32、all day，all night，all the year；但习惯上不说 all hour，all century。all 还可以与一些特殊的单数名词连用。如： all China，all the city，all my life ，all the wayc. both 都，指两者。both 与复数动词连用，但 both and可与单数名词连用。both, all 都可作同位语，其位置在行为动词前，be 动词之后。如果助动词或情态动词后面的实义动词省去，则位于助动词或情态动词之前。例如：Who can speak Japanese? 谁能讲日本话？ We both（all）can. 我们都会
33、。d. neither 两者都不neither 做主语时，谓语动词用单数。作定语与单数名词连用，但 neither nor 用作并列连词，可与复数名词连用。其谓语采用就近原则。如：Neither student went to see the film last night.Neither the students nor the teachers went to see the film last night. neither 可用于下列句型，避免重复。例如：She cant sing，neither（can ）he. 她不会唱歌，他也不会。neither 与 nor 的比较如前句是否定式从
34、句，则主句用 neither，而不用 nor。例如：If you dont do it，neither should I. 如果你不干，我也不干。如后连续有几个否定句式，则用 nor，不用 neither。例如：He cant sing，nor dance，nor skate. 他不会唱歌，不会跳舞，也不会滑冰。e. none, no onenone 无 none 作主语，多与 of 构成短语 none of。 在答语中，none 可单独使用。例如： -Are there any pictures on the wall? 墙上有画吗？-None. 没。none of 后面跟名词复数作主语，谓
35、语动词单复数均可。但如做表语，则其单复数与表语一致。例如：None of them have (has) arrived yet. 他们中谁也没有到。It is none of your business. 闲事莫管。no one 只用于人， none 既可指人也可指物。如果说 “若干之中一个也不”则用 none of.No one told us that he was there. 不用 none. 比较：None of them told us that.f. few 一些，少数， 修饰可数名词。few 作主语时，谓语动词用复数，多用于肯定句。同时 few 又具有形容词 的性质，前面可以
36、用 very 修饰。Few of my friends will come. 我的朋友没几个会来。Few survived in the battle. 这次战斗中活下来的没几个。Very few survived in the battle. 只有很少几个人在这次战斗中活了下来。g. some 一些，可与复数名词及不可数名词连用。当做“某一” 解时，也可与单数名词连用。You will be sorry for this some day. 总有一天，你会为此后悔的。Some person has seen you break the rule. 有某个人看见你违规。注意：（1）在肯定疑问句
37、中用 some 代替 any。（2）some 用于其他句式中:肯定疑问句中：说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到肯定回答时。Would you like.? 句式中，表委婉请求或建议。例如：Would you like some coffee? 想喝咖啡吗？在条件状语从句中表示确定的意义时。例如：If you need some help，let me know. 需要帮助，跟我说。some 位于主语部分。例如：Some students havent been there before. 有些学生没去过那儿。当否定的是整体中的部分时，some 可用于否定句。例如：I havent he
38、ard from some of my old friends these years. 这些年我没有收到一些老朋友的信。h. any 一些any 多用于否定句和疑问句和条件状语从句中。当句中含有任何的意思时， any 可用于肯定句。Here are three novels. You may read any. 这有三本小说，你可任读一本。i. anyone/any one；no one/none ；every/each anyone 和 any one anyone 仅指人，any one 既可指人，也可指物。no one 和 nonenone 后跟 of 短语，既可指人又可指物，而 no
39、 one 只单独使用，只指人。none 作主语，谓语动词用单，复数均可，而 no one 作主语谓语动词只能是单数。例如：None of you could lift it. 你们中没有人可举起它。- Has any one call me up this morning? -刚才有人打电话给我吗 ?- No one. - 没有。every 和 eachevery 强调全体的概念，each 强调个体概念。例如：Every student in our school works hard. 我们学校的学生都很用功。Each student may have one book 每个学生都可有一本书
40、。every 指三个以上的人或物（含三个），each 指两个以上的人或物 （含两个）。every 只作形容词，不可单独使用。each 可作代词或形容词。例如：Every boy has to take one. 每个男孩必须取一个。Each boy has to take one. Each of the boys has to take one. every 不可以作状语，each 可作状语。every 有反复重复的意思，如 every two weeks 等； each 没有。every 与 not 连用，表示部分否定； each 和 not 连用表示全部否定。例如：Every man i
41、s not honest. 并非每个人都诚实。Each man is not honest. 这儿每个人都不诚实。j. both, either, neither, all, any, none 这些词都可用作代词或形容词。其位置都在 be 动词之后，行为动词之前或 第一个助动词之后。both （两者都），either（两者中任何一个），neither （两者都不）。以上 词使用范围为两个人或物。例如：Neither of the two boys is clever. 两个男孩都不聪明。both 与复数连用，either 与单数连用。例如：Both the boys are clever.
42、两个男孩都很聪明。Either of the two boys is clever. There are flowers on both sides of the street. 路边长满了野花。There are flowers on either side of the street. all （所有的，全部的人或物），any （任何一个）， none （都不）。 以上词使用范围为三者以上。例如：All the flowers are gone. 所有的花都谢了。I dont like any of the flowers. 这些花我都不喜欢。I like none of the flow
43、ers. 这些花我都不喜欢。注意：all 与 none 用法一样。跟单数名词，用单数动词；跟复数名词，用复数动词。例如：All of the students are there. 所有的学生都在那。All（of）the milk is there. 所有的牛奶都在那。k. many, much Many，much 都意为“ 许多”， many + 可数名词，much + 不可数名词。例如：How many people are there at the meeting? 多少人出席了会议。How much time has we left? 还剩多少时间？Many of the worker
44、s were at the meeting.许多工人在开会。Much of the time was spent on learning.学习上花了许多时间。l. few, little, a few, a little （a） few + 可数名词, （a） little + 不可数名词a few / a little 为肯定含义，还有一点few / little 为否定含义，没有多少了。例如：He has a few friends. 他有几个朋友。He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。We still have a little time. 我们还有点时间。There is little time left. 几乎没剩下什么时间了。固定搭配：only a few （=few ） not a few （=many） quite a few （=many） many a （=many）。例如： Many books were sold. Many a book was sold. 卖出了许多书。来源:学优高考网 gkstk
