1、第 20 讲 九年级上册 Modules 781discuss (v.)discussion(n.)讨论2think (v.) thinker(n.)思想家3wise ( adj.)wisely(adv.)明智地4wellknown (adj.)famous(同义词) 著名的5dead (adj.) die(v.)death(n.)死亡6surprised (adj.)surprise(v.)surprise( n.)惊讶7south (n.)southern (adj.)南方的8act (v.)action(n.)行动9everyday ( adj.)daily(同义词) 日常的10deci
2、de (v.)decision(n.)决定11fair (adj.) fairly(adv.)公平的 unfair(反义词) 不公平的12able (adj.)ability (n.)能力13method (n.)way(同义词)方法14break ( v.)broke(过去式)broken(过去分词)15Asian ( n.&adj.)Asia(n.)亚洲16pride (n.)proud(adj.)自豪的1make sense 合情理；明智；有意义2get into trouble 惹上麻烦3run aw ay 逃走；逃脱4for a time 一小段时间；一时5pay for 为付出代价
3、6like sb. doing sth. 喜欢某人做某事7take away 拿走8be set in 以为背景9in return 作为回报10used to 过去常常11have influence on sb.influence sb. 影响某人12stand for 是的缩写；代表13no way 决不；不可能14high jump 跳高15set up 设立；创办16sufferfrom 受(某种疾病) 的折磨；因而受苦17first place 一等奖18stop/keep/prev ent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事19take pride inbe
4、proud of 因而自豪20play against 对抗21be mad atbe angry with 生某人的气22break a record 打破纪录23a number of 许多24because of 因为；由于1Whats up？什么事？2I think Id describe Confucius more as a teacher and thinker than a writer.我认为我会把孔子视为一名作家，更是一位老师和思想家。3We are still influenced by Confuciuss ideas，and Shakespeares plays al
5、so make a lot of sense to us today.今天我们仍然受孔子思想的影响，莎士比亚的戏剧也对我们有着非常重要的意义。4By the way，what do you think of Mark Twain，the greatest American writer in the nineteenth century?顺便问一下，你认为 19 世纪美国伟大的作家马克吐温怎么样？5I suppose he isnt so/as wellknown as Confucius or Shakespeare.我认为他没有孔子或莎士比亚出名。6The story is set in
6、the town of St Petersburg，Missouri，the USA，in the nineteenth century.这个故事以 19 世纪美国密苏里州圣彼德斯堡镇为背景。7Didnt they beat you last time?难道上一次他们没有战胜你们？8Daming w asnt chosen for the team last time.上一次大明没有入选这个队。9In fact，he trained so hard that he hurt his foot.事实上，他训练得如此艰苦以至于伤了他的脚。10From 2008 on，he suffered a l
7、ot from his foot problem.从 2008 年以来，他颇受脚伤的折磨。11It is a pity that his foot problem stopped/kept/prevented him from competing the 2012 London Olympic Games.真遗憾，他的脚伤阻止了他参加 2012 年伦敦奥运会。1influence【典例在线】Dont let me influence your decision.不要让我影响你的决定。Television has a strong influence on people.电视对人们有很大影响。【
8、拓展精析】influence 既是动词又是名词，influence sb./sth.意思为“ 影响某人/某物” ；have an influence on sb./sth.意思为“对某人/ 事有影响”也可表达为“make a difference to sb./sth.”【活学活用】(1)In my opinion，childrens actions _C_ their parents feeling.Adecide B depend onCinfluence Deffect(2)Deng Lijuns songs have_influenced/have_an_influence_on(影响
9、着) a lot of people.2suppose【典例在线】I suppose he will come back next week.我想他下周就会回来了。You are supposed to shake hands when you meet for the first time in America.在美国你们第一次见面时应该握手。【拓展精析】suppose 是动词“猜想；推测；相信；认为 ”。其常见用法有：be supposed to 表示“应该做某事，被期望做某事” 。suppose sb./sth. to be.意为“猜测” 。supposethat 从句意为“认为，猜想”
10、 。若主句的主语是第一人称时，变否定句时要否定前移，如think，believe 一样。【活学活用】(3)You were _C_ to close the windows.Why were you so careless?Aallowed BbelieveCsupposed Dcaused(4)青少年应该敢于质疑。(2014 ，兰州)Teenagers are supposed to be brave enough to ask questions.3break【典例在线】And you mustnt break rules.你不能 违反规定。We will have a break aft
11、er class.课后我们将会稍微休息一会儿。【拓展精析】break 既可作名词，又可作动词，它的过去式和过去分词分别是 broke 和 broken。动词(1)打碎；打破；使折断。break the cup 打碎茶杯(2)违背；违反。break his word 违背了诺言(3)打破纪录；中断某事。break the record 打破纪录(4)(天)亮；( 消息)突然传出。名词(1)间歇；休息时间(尤指工作期间)。(2)机会；运气(多用于口语中) 。【活学活用】(5)Eating and drinking on Beijing subway is not allowed.If you _B
12、_ the rule，youll face a fine of up to 500 yuan.(2014， 东营)Abroke BbreakCwill break Dhave broken(6)Why are you walking to school?Because the bus broke_down on the way. _C_Astopped to work Bran slowlyCdidnt work Dslowed down4suffer【典例在线】He suffers from several diseases at present.目前他身患几种疾病。Yesterday he
13、 told a lie again， so he suffered punishment.昨天他又一次说谎，所以他遭受了惩罚。【拓展精析】suffer 是及物动词，意为“受到，遭受” 。suffer from 意为 “遭受之苦；患” 。【活学活用】(7)She often _B_ headaches.Youd better take her to hospital.Asuffers Bsuffers fromCgets Dhas got(8)After the earthquake，he _A _ losing members of the family.Asuffered from Breg
14、rettedCexperienced Dforgot1Were still influenced by Confuciuss ideas.我们仍然受孔子思想的影响。【典例在线】I was asked to stand outside because I was late.我因为迟到被罚站在外面。Paper is used for making books.纸是被用来制书的。You should be taught to cook.你应该被教会做饭。【拓展精析】当表示“被(做)”时，句子用被动语态来表达，即“ 动作的承受者be过去分词” 。动词的被动语态也有各种时态，其时态的变化体现在 be 动
15、词的形式上。一般现在时态的被动语态：am/is/are动词的过去分词；一般过去时态的被动语态：was/were动词的过去分词；一般将来时态的被动语态：willbe动词的过去分词；现在完成时态的被动语态：have/has been动词的过去分词；过去完成时态的被动语态：had been动词的过去分词；含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词be动词的过去分词。【活学活用】(1)Tell me one thing youre proud of in your junior high school，Tony.(2014，嘉兴)I _D_ as captain of the school football t
16、eam.Achoose BchoseCam chosen Dwas chosen(2)Have you moved into the new house?Not yet.The rooms _C_Aare painting Bhave been paintedCare being painted Dis painted1used tov. 原形【典例在线】I think people who write for a job are not as important as they used to be.我认为为工作而写作的人不像过去的那样重要。He used to have a walk al
17、ong the beach after supper.他过去常常在晚饭后沿着沙滩散步。【拓展精析】used to 表示“过去常常” ，其后接动词原形，指“过去的习惯，而现在不这样了” 。疑问句有两种形式：Did.use to.？或 Used.to.？否定句也有两种形式：didnt use to 或usednt to。要注意其与 be used to 的区别：当 be used to 的主语是 sb.时，相当于 get used to.。sb.be/get used to 表示“某人习惯于” ，此时 to 为介词，其后接名词、代词或动词的ing 形式。当 be used to 的主语是 sth.
18、时，sth. be used to 表示“某物被用来” ，这是被动语态的句子，to 为不定式的标志 ，其后接动词原形，表示某物的用途，相当于“sth.be used for doing sth.”。【活学活用】(1)What do you usually have for breakfast？(2014，随州)I used to _D_ dumplings，but these days Im used to _ bread and milk.Aeat；have Beating ；havingCeating；have Deat ；having(2)The foreigner has been u
19、sed to eating (eat) with chopsticks.(2014，扬州)(3)Liu Huan，a famous male singer，has long hair，because he _B_ long hair.(2014，枣庄)Aused to have Bis used to havingCis used for having Dis used to have2be made of，be made from，be made into，be made in，be made by，be made up of【典例在线】This salad is made of apple
20、， pear，potato and celery.这份沙拉是由苹果、梨、土豆和芹菜做成的。Wine is made from grapes.葡萄酒是用葡萄酿成的。This piece of wood will be made into a small bench.这块木头将要被制成一个小凳子。These caps are made in Russia.这些帽子产于俄罗斯。The model car was made by him.这个模型汽车是他制作的。Our class is made up of 50 students.我们的班级是由 50 个学生 组成的。【拓展精析】be made of
21、 意为 “由制成 ”，制成品中可以看得出原材料。be made from 意为 “由制成 ”，制成的物品完全失去了原材料的外形或特征，或原材料在制作的过程中发生了化学变化，在成品中已经无法辨认。be made into 意为 “被制成” ，into 后接成品。be made in 意为“在某地被制造” ，in 后接地点。be made by 意为 “被某人制造 ”，by 后接执行这个动作的人。be made up of 意为 “由组成 ”，通常指由许多部分组成。【活学活用】(4)The paper is made _C_ wood and the desk is also made _ woo
22、d.Aof；from Bof；ofCfrom ；of Dfrom；in(5)Your sweater looks very nice.Whats it made _D_？Wool，and its made _ Guiyang.Afrom；on Bof ；inCof；on Dfrom；in3alive ；living；live；lively【典例在线】He is a lively and clever boy.他是一个活泼且聪明的孩子。Everyone is very pleased to find that they are alive.大家都很高兴地发现他们还活着。All living th
23、ings need air.所有的生物都需要空气。Have you seen a live whale？你见过活的鲸鱼吗？【拓展精析】alive，living 和 live 都有“活着的 ”之意，其区别如下：单词 用法 示例alive 表语( 同 living)/后置定语 the man aliveliving 表语/前置定语 the living manlive 常用定语，一般指物 a live fishlively 意为 “活泼轻松的；充满生气的；有活力的” ，可作定语、表语或宾补，既可指人，又可指物。【活学活用】(6)The _D_ girl told us a _ story abou
24、t the _ things in the forest.Alively ；living；livelyBlively；alive；livingCliving；lively；livelyDlively ；lively；living(7)Jin Yong is one of the greatest and oldest _A_ writer.He is still _.Aliving；alive Bliving ；livingCalive；living Dalive ； alive4stop.from./keep.from./prevent.from.【典例在线】The heavy snow s
25、topped/kept/prevented him from coming to our party.那场大雪使他未能前来参加我们的聚会。【拓展精析】三者都有“阻止某人做某事”的意思，from 是介词，后接动词的ing 形式，stop.from doing sth.和 prevent.from doing sth.中的 from 可以省略， 但 keep.from doing sth.中的 from不能省略。【活学活用】(8)我们必须采取有效措施遏制交通事故的增长。( 2014，烟台)We must take effective measures to prevent traffic acci
26、dents from increasing/growing1We had never met before ，so we _C_ to introduce ourselves to each other.Aare supposed BsupposedCwere supposed Dshould2She used to _D_ a bus to school，but now she is used to _ to school.(2014，南充)Ataking ；walk Btake；walkCtaking；walking Dtake；walking3A number of volunteers
27、 _B_ willing to teach in Chinas rural areas.Yes， the number is getting_.Ais；bigger and biggerBare；bigger and biggerCis；more and moreDare ；more and more4Do you have enough students to clean the laboratory?No，I think we need _D_ students.Atwo another Btwo othersCmore two Dtwo more5As we all know，its n
28、ot polite to _C _ others _ for a long time.Akeep；from waitingBstop；waitingCkeep ；waitingDprevent；from waiting6To my great surprise，the famous athletes story _A_ differently in the newspapers.(2014，杭州)Awas reported BreportedCwas reporting Dreports7The children were made _B_ homework first.Ado Bto do
29、Cdid D doing8Do you think Shanghai is a _B_ city?Certainly.It has beautiful buildings，tidy streets and hardworking people.Alive Blively Calive Dliving9Would you please see the film Iron Man 3 with me tonight，Kate?Id love to，but Ive _D_ Lindas invitation to dinner.Asuffered Bearned C received Daccept
30、ed10What do you think of the documentary A Bite of China?_C_It has attracted lots of TV audiences.(2013，连云港)AEnjoy yourself BMany thanksCPretty good DIts hard to say写作典例分析(二)假如你是李华，远在英国的笔友彼得(Peter)给你发电子邮件 ，说要在暑假期间到北京游玩。请你给他写封回信，告诉他事情已经安排妥当，包括往返机票，食宿和旅游景点等。注意：1.词数：100 词左右；2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。一、思路分析(一)审题本
31、篇作文考查的体裁为应用文，要求写 email。首先要明确 email 的格式和要求；其次要明确时态。由于谈论是暑假期间的游玩，所以可用一般将来时，对已经安排妥当的事用现在完成时。(二)列举写作要点( 包括时态)(三)列举重点短语和句型Im very glad to hear.；get.ready for；book the tickets；a single room； order.online；while you are here，Ill show you around.；some places of interest二、经典范文欣赏【美文欣赏】Dear Peter，Im delighted t
32、o know that you are coming to China this summer.Now let me tell you what Ive done for you.The tickets for your round trip have been booked.I have also found a comfortable hotel with furniture，a TV and a bathroom.While you stay here，Ill show you around and take you to some places of interest.At the same time，we will also visit some famous restaurants to taste different Chinese foods.How delicious they are！In a word，I think youll enjoy yourself in China.Im looking forward to your coming.Yours，Li Hua,请完成考点跟踪突破 20 )
