1、Module11 Period 3 Language in use【名师教案】Target language 目标语言1. Words wait, however, for your Chinese counterpart to initiate the gesture.If you visit a school, theater, or other workplace, it is likely that you will be greeted with applause as a sign of welcome. In turn, you should respond by applaud
2、ing back.Avoid making expansive gestures and using unusual facial expressions.The Chinese do not use their hands when speaking, and will only become annoyed with a speaker who does.Some hand gestures, however, are necessary. They are outlined in the next two points.To summon attention, turn your pal
3、m down, waving your fingers toward yourself.Use your whole hand rather than your index finger to point.The Chinese, especially those who are older and in positions of authority, dislike being touched by strangers.Acknowledge the most senior person in a group first.Smiling is not as noticeable in Chi
4、na, since there is a heavy emphasis on repressing emotion.Members of the same sex may hold hands in public.Public displays of affection, such as kissing, between the sexes are frowned upon.Do not put your hands in your mouth, as it is considered vulgar. Consequently, when in public, avoid biting you
5、r nails, removing food from your teeth, and similar practices.Pushing is common in lineups.Spitting in public is acceptable.Blowing your nose with a handkerchief is also acceptable.Dress Code:Casual clothes are acceptable everywhere, although smarter clothes can gain more respect. Revealing clothes
6、should be avoided.Give the students a few minutes to the advice. Ask some students to read their passages before the class. Sample advice: You must bow or nod when you greet people. You mustnt touch the older. You must use your whole hand rather than your index finger to point.You cant hold hands of
7、 the opposite sex in public. You must blow your nose with a handkerchief. Step V HomeworkAsk students to 1. revise this Module.2. finish the rest activities in the workbook. Teaching resources 教学资源库I. 重点知识详解一、must 的用法1) 表示主观的义务和必要, 主要用于肯定句和疑问句 , 意思为 “必须，得，要”；由must引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must或have to, 否定回答要用nee
8、dnt 或dont have to, 意思是“ 不必”；must的否定形式mustnt表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。We must find a good method to learn computer well. 我们必须找一个学好电脑的方法。Must I finish the task right now? 我现在必须完成这个工作吗？Yes, you must. / Yes, you have to. 是的。 (No, you neednt. / No, you dont have to. 不，不必。)You mustnt come here without permission. 未
9、经允许，你不能来这儿。2) 表示肯定的猜测，常用于肯定句中 ，意思为 “一定是, 必然” 。Your sister must be a doctor in this hospital.（现在的猜测） 你姐姐一定是这家医院的医生。 He must be reading newspapers in the reading room now.（正在进行的猜测 ）他此刻一定正在阅览室读报。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.（过去的猜测）昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面上是湿的。二、情态动词can的用法can的否定形式为cannot，缩
10、写形式为 cant。1) 表示能力，意思是：能，会。I cant swim. 我不会游泳。Can you drive？ 你会开车吗？注意：can表示能力可和be able to互换使用，且后者有更多的时态，be able to常被用来表示can所不能表示的将来或完成的概念。They will be able to run this machine on their own in three months. 他们过三个月就能自己开这台机器了。2) 表示可能性，意思是：可以 ，可能。That big cinema can seats 2,000 people. 那家大电影院能坐2000人。He c
11、an be very friendly at times.有时他会很友好。3) 表示允诺，意思是：可以，能够。You can have the book when I have finished it.书我看完了可以给你。Can I use your pen？我可以用你的钢笔吗？4) 表示惊异、不相信等（用于疑问句、否定句或感叹句中），意思是：会，可能。This cant be true. 这不可能是真的。Can it be true？ 这可能是真的吗？II. Customs and rules in England The British are said to be reserved in
12、 manners, dress and speech. They are famous for politeness, self-discipline and especially for sense of humor. Basic politeness (please, thank-you, excuse me) is expected. How to greet peopleBritish people are quite reserved when greeting one another. Greeting can be a bright “Hello”, “Hi” or “Good
13、morning”, when you arrive at work or at school. Terms of endearment - Names we may call you You may be called by many different “affectionate” names, according to which part of the Britain you are in. Do not be offended, this is quite normal. For example, you may be called dear, flower, love, chick,
14、 mate, son, madam, miss, sir, according to your sex, age and location. Visiting people in their houses When being entertained at someones home it is nice to take a gift for the host and hostess. A bottle of wine, bunch of flowers or chocolates are all acceptable. Eating We eat continental style, wit
15、h fork in the left hand and the knife in the right. Dos and Donts in England Do stand in line:In England we like to form orderly queues (standing in line) and wait patiently for our turn e.g. boarding a bus. It is usual to queue when required, and expected that you will take correct turn and not pus
16、h in front. “queue jumping” is frowned upon. Do say “Excuse me”: If someone is in you way and you would like them to move, say excuse me and they will move out of your way. Do pay as you go:Pay for drinks as you order them in pubs and other types of bars. Do say “Please” and “Thank you”:It is very g
17、ood manners to say “please” and “thank you”. It is considered rude if you dont. whenever you will notice in England that they say “thank you” a lot. Do cover your mouth:When yawning or coughing always cover your mouth with your hand. Do shake hands:When you are first introduced to someone, shake the
18、ir right hand with your own right hand. Do say sorry:If you accidentally bump into someone, say “sorry”. They probably will too, even if it was your fault! This is a habit and can be seen as very amusing by an “outsider”.Do smile:A smiling face is a welcoming face. Do drive on the left side of the r
19、oad.Dont greet people with a kiss:They only kiss people who are close friends and relatives. Avoid talking loudly in public It is impolite to stare at anyone in public. Do not pick your nose in public:They are disgusted by this. If your nostrils need de-bugging, use a handkerchief. Avoid doing gestu
20、res such as backslapping and hugging This is only done among close friends. Do not spit: Spitting in the street is considered to be very bad mannered. Do not burp in public: you may feel better by burping loudly after eating or drinking, but other people will not! If you can not stop a burp from bur
21、sting out, then cover your mouth with your hand and say “excuse me” afterwards. Do not pass wind in public Now how can we say this politely? Lets say that you want to pass wind. What do you do? Go somewhere private and let it out. It is impolite speak with your mouth full of food. Do not ask persona
22、l or intimate questions: They do not ask questions such as: How much money do you earn? How much do you weigh? Or why arent you married?Never eat off a knife when having a meal. III. Chinese etiquettes The Chinese will nod or bow slightly as an initial greeting. Handshakes are also popular; wait, ho
23、wever, for your Chinese counterpart to initiate the gesture.If you visit a school, theater, or other workplace, it is likely that you will be greeted with applause as a sign of welcome. In turn, you should respond by applauding back.Avoid making expansive gestures and using unusual facial expression
24、s.The Chinese do not use their hands when speaking, and will only become annoyed with a speaker who does.Some hand gestures, however, are necessary. They are outlined in the next two points.To summon attention, turn your palm down, waving your fingers toward yourself.Use your whole hand rather than
25、your index finger to point.The Chinese, especially those who are older and in positions of authority, dislike being touched by strangers.Acknowledge the most senior person in a group first.Smiling is not as noticeable in China, since there is a heavy emphasis on repressing emotion.Members of the sam
26、e sex may hold hands in public.Public displays of affection, such as kissing, between the sexes are frowned upon.Do not put your hands in your mouth, as it is considered vulgar. Consequently, when in public, avoid biting your nails, removing food from your teeth, and similar practices.Pushing is com
27、mon in lineups.Spitting in public is acceptable.Blowing your nose with a handkerchief is also acceptable.Dress Code:Casual clothes are acceptable everywhere, although smarter clothes can gain more respect. Revealing clothes should be avoided.Problems that arise in China through cultural differences
28、can often be put down to simple misunderstandings. In general, Chinese people are not forthcoming with information unless they are specifically asked for it, so be prepared to ask direct questions to get the information you need. Locals may not even speak honestly but will try to say what they think
29、 you want to hear. This is not done maliciously and an element of patience and understanding will ease the situation. Chinese people are courteous but reserved and politeness is appreciated at all times. Dont always be fooled by a smile as this can mean that the person is upset or embarrassed and tr
30、y to avoid confrontational situations that may cause a loss of “face“. Confrontation is not appreciated and will only worsen rather than resolve any situation.Family MealsAlthough customs and the kinds of food eaten vary according to region, it is most common for Chinese families to gather for three
31、 meals a day.In some areas and at some times of the year, laborers may have only two full meals a day, but when possible, they supplement these with up to three smaller ones, often taken at tea houses. There is not, in general, the strong association we have in the West between the type of food and
32、the time of day it should be served (say, eggs for breakfast, a sandwich for lunch, pot roast for dinner). The sorts of dishes served at the two or three main meals are pretty much the same. The goal in planning, however, is to provide a number of dishes at each meal, so that, rather than experienci
33、ng difference by comparison between one meal and the next, each meal includes, in itself, a satisfying array of elements.The Stuff of the MealThe center of the Chinese meal is fan, or grain. So much so that the meal itself is called hsia fan, “a period of grain.“ In the South and among urban familie
34、s in other areas, the fan may be rice or rice products, but rice is expensive, as is the wheat eaten in the North in the form of cooked whole grains, noodles, or bread. Depending on the region, then, less prosperous families might make their meals of millet, sorghum, or corn. The meats and vegetable
35、s we think of as the focus of the meal are known as tsai, which means something like “side dishes“ - one could almost go so far as to call them condiments for the fan.Who Eats When and HowEating begins in order of seniority, with each diner taking the cue to start from his or her immediate superior.
36、 Children are taught to eat equally from each tsai dish in turn, never betraying a preference for a particular item by eating more of it, never seeming to pause to choose a specific bite from the plate. In order to cool the soup a bit and to better diffuse the flavor in the mouth, soup is eaten by s
37、ipping from the spoon while breathing in. This method, of course, produces the slurping noise that is taboo in the West. To eat fan, a diner raises the bowl to her lips and pushes the grains into her mouth with chopsticks. This is the easiest way to eat it and shows proper enjoyment - eating fan from a bowl left sitting on the table suggests dissatisfaction with the food. The diner must finish all the fan. To leave even a grain is considered bad manners, a lack of respect for the labor required to produce it.全品中考网全品中考网全 品 中 考 网全 品 中 考 网全 品 中 考 网全 品 中 考 网全 品 中 考 网全 品 中 考 网
