1、第2节 冠词,专题一 第二部分 基础语法,真题诊断,考点突破,专项训练,内容索引,真题诊断,【单句语法填空】 1.Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over past 25 years，while rice has increased only 7 percent.(2018全国),the,答案,解析,解析 “over/in/during the past/last时间段”为固定结构，特指过去的多长时间里。,1,3,4,5,2,2.As result，people will eat more food to try to make up
2、 for that something missing.(2017全国),a,答案,解析,解析 as a result为固定搭配，意为“结果”。故填a。,1,3,4,5,2,3.But unlike her school friends,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term resting.Instead，she is earning 6,500 a day as model in New York.(2017全国),a,答案,解析,解析 根据句意和语境可知，萨拉只是纽约众多模特中的一个，是泛指；而且model的第一个音素是辅音，故用不定冠词a
3、。,1,3,4,5,2,4.This included digging up the road，laying the track and then building a strong roof over top.(2017全国),the,答案,解析,解析 修饰名词top，表特指，要用定冠词the，故填the。,1,3,4,5,2,5.Like many things in life, its ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that theres enough room for improvement，. (201711
4、月浙江),答案,解析,解析 此处表示“这是一个持续的过程”。空后ongoing是以元音音素开头的词，所以用冠词an。,an,1,3,4,5,2,【诊断报告】,考点突破,1.在读音以辅音音素开头的单词前用a，在读音以元音音素开头的单词前用an。 2.用于单数可数名词前表示泛指意义。 3.在某些物质名词或抽象名词前加a/an，使之具有了“一”的概念，表示“一份，一阵，一场，一类，一种”等。如：a coffee，a wonderful supper，a surprise，have a good knowledge/understanding of。 4.用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。如：a th
5、ird try再试一次。,考点一 不定冠词的用法,5.用于“amost形容词名词”结构，此时，most意为“非常，很”。如： I dont know who invented the telephone，but its really a most wonderful invention. 6.用在某些固定词组中。如：have a cold，have a good time，keep a diary，in a hurry，once in a while，at a loss，for a while，once upon a time，all of a sudden，do sb. a favour，a
6、s a matter of fact。,例1 For Pahlsson，its return was wonder.(20176月浙江),a,解析 表示泛指。a wonder一个奇迹。,答案,解析,考点二 定冠词the的用法,1.表示“特指”。上文已经提到的人或物，再次提到时在其前加the。也可指上文未提到，但谈话双方都知道的人或物。 2.表示世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前用定冠词the。 3.定冠词the和形容词、过去分词连用，表示一类人或事物。如：the injured伤者。 4.在西洋乐器名词的前面要加the，中国乐器名词不与冠词连用。如：play the piano/the violi
7、n/the guitar，play erhu(二胡)。,5.定冠词用在表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妻俩。 6.在最高级或序数词前面或由only，very，same等修饰的名词前面用定冠词the。 注意：a与most连用，位于形容词前时，most是表示程度的副词，意为“非常”；the与most连用，位于形容词或副词前时，most是最高级的标志，意为“最的”。,例2 Now，years later，this river is one of most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.,解析 句意为：多年之后，这条河成为最杰出的环保典
8、型之一。可知，此处most前用the修饰表示的是最高级的概念。,答案,解析,the,例3 In that case，we will learn little about world.,解析 句意为：如果那样的话，我们会对这个世界了解甚少。world表示“世界”，此处特指我们所生活的这个世界，其前应用定冠词the。,答案,解析,the,在固定搭配中，有的用不定冠词a/an，有的用定冠词the，而有的则不带任何冠词，如：in a hurry，as a result；on the contrary，in (the) charge of；at first，in fact等等，这些都需要我们平常加强积累
9、和记忆。,考点三 冠词的固定搭配或习惯用法,例4 Unexpectedly，Im face-to-face with the gorilla，who begins screaming at top of her lungs.(2018全国),the,答案,解析,解析 at the top of ones lungs用尽量大的声音，放声大叫，为固定搭配。,例5 My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in short period of time.,答案,解析,解析 句意为：我叔叔说他从来没有梦想过在短时间内致富。in a shor
10、t period of time为固定搭配，表示“在短时间内”。,a,专项训练,.单句语法填空 1.The adobe dwellings(土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even most modern of architects and engineers.,the,解析 根据空格后面的most可知此处表示最高级含义。,答案,解析,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,2.Later，Hongbao developed into more general best wis
11、hes and a blessing on young.,解析 某些形容词、分词前表示一类人或用在姓氏复数前表示一家人，要用定冠词。,答案,解析,the,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,3.That night she told me her son loved me.It was such unforgettable moment.(2018温州六校协作体联考),解析 此处表示“这是一个如此令人难忘的时刻”。空后unforgettable是以元音音素开头的词，所以用冠词an。,答案,解析,an,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,4.Yu Rong，a Chinese art
12、ist，thinks of a new way to introduce ancient story of Hua Mulan in her picture book.,解析 特指花木兰的故事，用定冠词，故填the。,答案,解析,the,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,5.I didnt know why he was at home instead of Mom，but I considered myself very lucky because I was only one who had Dad around in my class.,解析 此处的only是形容词，表示“唯一的
13、”，应与定冠词连用，所以用the。,答案,解析,the,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,6.The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed， other is with mumshe never suspects.,解析 由上文中的关键词twin，one可知，这里考查one.the other.“一个另一个”的用法。,答案,解析,the,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,7.Recently when he took look
14、at his collection of books，he discovered the old book borrowed 61 years ago.,解析 take a look (at.)，为固定短语，意为“看一看”。句意为：最近，当他查看他的藏书时，他发现了那本61年前借的旧书。,答案,解析,a,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,8.After work，he learned to play guitar.He liked living on the farm，for the life was simple.,解析 guitar为西洋乐器，其前需加定冠词the。因为guitar
15、和主语he是所属关系，故也可以用形容词性物主代词his。,答案,解析,the/his,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,9.After eating two bananas，my son asked for third one.,解析 a序数词，表示“又一，再一”。,答案,解析,a,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,10.Life for disabled in Uganda is difficult，but for children it can beshock that can never be overcome.,解析 第一空后是形容词，“the形容词”表示一类人，the
16、 disabled残疾人；第二空属于抽象名词具体化，表示“一种震惊”，填a。,答案,解析,the,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,a,.语法填空冠词专练 In traditional Chinese culture，tai chi is often related to 11._ Chinese idea of yin and yang,12. idea that one can see two sides in everything.Once upon 13. time，Taoist(道家的) Zhang Sanfeng saw a bird attacking a snake i
17、n the Wudang Mountains in Hubei Province.14. snakes defense inspired him to create 15. set of 72 movements，which used softness and power from inside to defeat violent force.,the,the,a,答案,解析13,解析14,解析15,The,a,解析11,解析12,语篇解读,语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了太极拳的由来、作用和意义。,11.解析 后由“of yin and yang”作定语修饰，此处用定冠词表特指。,12.解
18、析 后由that引导的同位语进一步解释idea的内容，所以用定冠词表特指。,13.解析 once upon a time为固定搭配，意为“从前”。,14.解析 这里特指上文提到的那条蛇，用定冠词表特指。,15.解析 a set of 为固定用法，意为“一套”。句意为：蛇的自卫让他有了灵感，创出了一套七十二式动作。,For those who do it，tai chi can be practiced any time and anywhere without 16. equipment or a gymnasium.And learning to do it correctly gives
19、us 17. practical way to achieve such things as balance，motor control and rhythm(节奏) of movement.So it is believed that practicing tai chi can in some way help us stand，walk，move and run better.,/,a,答案,解析16,解析17,16.解析 equipment 为不可数名词，不能用冠词修饰。,17.解析 这里指的是具体的一种方式，用不定冠词表泛指。,Tai chis benefits certainly
20、go beyond physical ones.For Marleni Calcina from Peru，who has done tai chi for over 10 years，its not only a sport，but also 18. way of life.And it is tai chi that has helped her make 19. sense of the value of “going slowly”.Now，practicing tai chi is like speaking with her 20. soul.,答案,解析18,解析19,解析20,a,/,/,18.解析 由空前的a sport和空后的way可知此处用不定冠词。a way of.意为“一种的方式”。,19.解析 make sense of 为固定结构，意为“理解，明白”。,20.解析 soul前已有形容词性物主代词her 修饰，表示“她的灵魂”，就不能再用定冠词修饰。句意为：如今，练太极就像是在和她的灵魂说话。,
