1、Module 8 Unit 2,Language Points,1. universal adj. 普遍的, 公认的; 宇宙的 universe n. 宇宙a universal rule 普遍规律 a universal language 世界通用语言 War causes universal misery. 战争造成了普遍的痛苦。 Television provides universal entertainment. 电视提供了大众娱乐。 Humor is a universal language. 幽默是一种世界通用的语言。 Football is a universal game.
2、universe exists . 足球是全球性的运动。 The _ _ in space. 宇宙存在于太空。,2. witness n. 目击者, 证人, 证据 vt .& vi. 目睹, 目击, 作证, 说明 A witness told the police how the fire started. He witnessed the accident on the highway. 1). After the explosion, the policeman did a lot of work to find out some clues from the _D_.A. lookers
3、-on B. viewers C. people D. witness,3. star vt. (starred; starring) star (in sth) 在 (戏剧, 电影中) 担任主角, 主演 She is to star in a new film.她将主演一部新影片。 star sb. (in sth) (present sb. as a star, feature sb.) 使某人担任主演，由某人主演。 My favourite film stars Marilyn Monroe. 我最喜欢的电影由玛丽梦露主演。 The director wanted to star Mic
4、hael Caine in his new film. 这位导演想让麦克尔凯恩主演他的新片子。 n. 星, 明星 the polar star北极星 a shooting star 流星 a film / movie star 电影明星,1) We know something about the play which _ Wang Ji. （A）A. stars B. starring C. to star D. having starred 2) The pop _will be _ in the concert. (B)A. stars; starring B. stars; starr
5、ed C. star; stared D. star; star 译: an old film starring Charlie Chaplin _ 查理卓别林主演的一部老电影,4. cast vt. (cast; cast) 选派扮演某角色; 为选派演员cast sb.(as sb) cast sb. (in sth)He was cast as Othello / in the role of Othello. 他将被选派担任奥赛罗这一角色。 vt. 投; 抛 The fisherman cast his net into the water.渔民把网撒在水里。,5. recite vt.
6、 背诵, 朗诵; 叙述, 描述, 列举, 一一说出He recited his poem in front of the whole class.他当着全班的面背诵了他自己的一首诗。The mayor recited to the Queen a long and tedious speech of welcome.市长向女王背诵了一篇又长又臭的欢迎词。recite ones grievances 描述某人的苦难。recite the names of all the capital cities of Europe 列举欧洲各国的首都的名字,6. torture vt. （精神或肉体上的）折
7、磨, 煎熬, 痛苦 The confession was made under torture. 这份供词是严刑逼供得来的。 A whole day without chocolate must be torture for you.一整天没有巧克力吃肯定让你难受。,7. condemn vt. 1）谴责; 声讨 condemn sb for sth We all condemn cruelty to children. 我们都一致谴责虐待儿童。 Everyone condemned his foolish behaviour. 每个人都责备他愚蠢的行为。The newspapers cond
8、emned the Prime minister for his attitude toward the event.各报纸因为首相对此事的态度而责难他。2）condemn sb (to) （法律）判罪; 处刑 be condemned to 被宣告condemn a murder to life imprisonment 判凶手无期徒刑 be condemned to death 被处死The judge _ him for fraud. (欺骗) A. denounced (谴责。揭发) B. condemned C. charged D. accused,8. be drunk with
9、 醉心于., 对痴迷, 陶醉于Its reported that many middle school students are drunk with playing computer games.The young couple were drunk with their happy and peaceful life. 译: They are drunk with making a fortune. 他们醉心于发财致富。The _ man was _with joy. (A)A. drunken; drunk B. drunk; drink C. drink; drunk D. drunk
10、en; drink,9. exercise control over 对.实施控制, 控制We should think of a way to exercise control over our expenses. _lose control of / be (get) out of control 失去控制be in control of sth 在控制下, 指挥, 管理某事物under the control of 被.控制着 be under control 抑制; 控制1) The pilot lost control of (失去控制) the plane.2) She manag
11、ed to keep control of(控制住) her car on the ice.3) She may be old ,but she is still in control (掌管),exercise ones right 行使权力 exercise authority over sb. 管束某人译: 1）He exercise his right as a citizen. 他行使公民权。2）Teachers exercise authority over the students. 教师对学生进行管束。,10. terrify vt. 恐吓, 使感到恐怖 The thunder
12、storm terrified the child.大雷雨把这孩子吓坏了。 The animals were terrified by the storm. 动物被风暴吓坏了。 terrified adj. 害怕的, 吓坏了的 The children were terrified of being scolded. 那孩子害怕挨骂。 They were terrified by his sudden appearance. 他的突然出现, 把他们吓了一跳。,11. threaten v. 恐吓, 威胁; 预示的凶兆; 有的危险 He threatened to make the photo
13、public. 他恐吓说要把那张照片公开。 The heavy black clouds threaten a storm. 乌云密布预示着暴风雨将到来。 The robber threatened me with a gun. threaten sb with death 用死威胁某人 threaten to do sth. 威胁要做谋事译: 他扬言要辞职。 . He threatened to resign.他没有威胁的意思。 He doesnt mean to threaten.,12. affection n. 喜爱, 爱慕; 感情 affect vt. 影响, 感动区别 affect
14、 与 effect： affect (影响, 感动) 通常只用作动词 (及物), 而不用作名词。 effect (影响) 通常只用作名词 (可数或不可数), 且主要用于have an effect (on) 这类结构; 有时虽用作动词(及物), 但不表示“影响”, 而表示“实现” 或 “产生”等, 且通常以“改进”、“变化”之类的词作宾语。 表示“影响”时, affect=have an effect on 对比: effort n. 努力 make every effort 尽一切努力To _ a policy is to have an _ on it. 影响一项政策就是对该政策具有一种影
15、响。affect effect The news did not _ her at all. = The news had no _ on her at all. affect effect 这条消息对她没有一点影响。 The rescue team made every _C_ to find the missing mountain climber.A. force B. energy C. effort D. possibility,13. privilege n. 特别待遇, 特权 Education should be a universal right and not a priv
16、ilege. 教育应当是全民的权利，而是某部分人特别享有的。 You can enjoy all the benefits and privileges of club membership. 你可以享有俱乐部成员的一切福利和优惠。 privileged adj. 有特权的, 受特别优待的 Those in authority were in a privileged position. 有地位自有特权。 She comes from a privileged background. 她出身特权阶层。,14. desire n. 愿望, 渴望; 欲望 a strong desire for p
17、ower 强烈的权利欲 Enough money to satisfy all your desires. 足够的钱来满足你所有的欲望。She felt an overwhelming desire to return home. have desire to do sth. 渴望做某事 v. 渴望; 欲望 We all desire health and happiness.The house had everything you could desire. 要什么有什么。,15. personnel n. （1）（组织或军队中）全体人员, 职员skilled / trained perso
18、nnel 熟练的 / 训练有素的人员sales / technical / medical / security personnel 推销 / 技术 / 医务 / 保安人员army / military personnel 陆军 / 军事人员（2）人事部门 the personnel department / manager 人事部门 / 人事经理 She works in personnel. 她在人事部工作。personal adj. 个人的, 私人的, 本人的 personal belongings 私人财产,16. status n. 地位; 身份; 情形, 状态 legal stat
19、us 合法地位low status jobs 地位低下的工作 a high social status 很高的社会地位Women are only asking to be given equal status with men.妇女只是追求得到和男人平等的地位。,17. composer n. 创作者, 作曲家 (尤指古典音乐)compose v. (1) 组成, 构成（一个整体）Ten men composed the committee. 委员会由十人组成（2）作曲, 创作（音乐）Mozart composed his last opera shortly before he died.
20、莫扎特在创作出他最后一部歌剧后不久便去世了。,18. bachelor n. 单身汉; 学士学位 a Bachelor of Arts / Engineering / Science 文学士 / 工程学士 / 理学士 19. essential adj. 1) 本质的，实质的The essential difference between us is that I take life seriously.2) 基本的; 必需的essential services such as shops and buses 诸如商店，公交车之类的基本服务essential vitamins / minera
21、ls / nutrients 身体健康所必需的维生素 / 矿物质 / 营养 Light is essential for the healthy development of plants. 光对于植物的健康成长是必不可少的,20. decline n. 衰败 a rapid / sharp / gradual / steep / dramatic decline 迅速 / 急剧 / 逐渐下降An increase in cars has resulted in the decline of public transport.Support for the party continues to
22、 decline.decline steadily / sharply / rapidly / dramatically 稳步下降 / 迅速下降,21. sexual /age / racial discrimination 性别、年龄、种族歧视discrimination against women 对女性的歧视 22. promoter He is an enthusiastic promoter of good causes. 他是公益活动的热心推广者。 promote v. 提升, 晋级; 促进, 推广, 促销 The band has gone on tour to promote
23、their new album. 这个乐队开始巡回宣传他们的新唱片。 promotion n. 提升, 提拔; 促销 Her job is mainly concerned with sales and promotion. 她的工作主要是营销和广告宣传方面。,23. fortune make a fortune 发财, 赚钱 inherit a large fortune 继承一大笔财产seek ones fortune 寻出路;（喻）去淘金 try ones fortune 碰运气fortune teller 占卜者, 算命者 24. be drafted into 征召入伍 He was
24、 drafted into the army in 1992.draft vt. 起草, 草拟; 征召入伍 n. 草稿The governments first task was to draft a new constitution for the country.first / final draft 初稿、终稿 He showed David a draft of the letter. 他给大卫看了信的草稿。,25. appeal n. 1) 吸引力, 感染力mass / wide / popular appeal 对大众的 / 广泛的 / 普遍的感染力 The Beatles have never really lost their appeal. 2）v. 呼吁, 诉请 Police have appealed for witnesses to come forward. 警方呼吁证人要挺身而出。,26. 译: cultural / natural / social / phenomena 文化 / 自然 / 社会现象mental health / illness / problems mental age 智力年龄 / 心理年龄mental disorder / hospital 精神紊乱 / 精神病院,GOODBAY,
