1、八年级下册,Unit 4,考点精讲过中考,高频词汇,1. Germany n. 德国,_可以作形容词，意为“德国(人)的”；作名词时意为“德国人”。 常见的国家名称和某国人的单复数形式：,帮你归纳,German,考点精讲过中考,(法国人、英国人的复数形式是将a改为e；德国人的复数形式并不是将a改为e；中国人、日本人单复数形式相同。), (2017绥化)The people in _(German) speak German. ( ) (2017营口) There _ many foreign students in her class. Yes. I know two of them are
2、_ A. are; Japanese B. is; Australian C. are; Germany D. is; America,过中考,考点精讲过中考,Germany,A,2. against prep. 紧靠，碰，撞,against是介词，不是动词，不能单独作谓语。against还表示“朝着，顶着方向；反对”。,帮你归纳,考点精讲过中考,高频词汇,( ) (2016无锡)Although he was _ my opinion, the old professor didnt come up with his own. A. against B. on C. for D. in (2
3、017盐城)Yao Ming scored 41 points in a game _(对抗) the Atlanta Hawks in 2004.,过中考,考点精讲过中考,A,against,考点精讲过中考,高频词汇,3. refuse vt. & vi. 拒绝，回绝,refuse _ sth. 拒绝做某事； refuse that从句表示“拒绝”。,帮你归纳,to do, (2015贵港)Just now John didnt _(拒绝) to go to Lisas party, did he? ( ) (2017上海)Vivian refuses _ her children to t
4、he weekend training centre for extra classes. A. to send B. sending C. sent D. sends,过中考,考点精讲过中考,refuse,A,考点精讲过中考,高频词汇,4. success n. 成功,success意为“成功；胜利；发财；成名”时为不可数名词，意为“成功的人(或事物)”时为可数名词。其动词形式是succeed，是不及物动词，因此不能用于被动语态。形容词形式是_，副词形式是_。,帮你归纳,successful,successfully,a big success 一次很大的成功 succeed in doin
5、g sth. be successful in doing sth. have success in doing sth. do sth. successfully 做某事获得成功, (2017日照)Hard work is the key to _. (2017绥化)At last, the doctors saved the girls life _(successful) (2017阜康、米泉)The weather was terrible, but the bus they took arrived _ at last.,过中考,考点精讲过中考,success,successfull
6、y,successfully,考点精讲过中考,高频词汇,5. experience n. 经历，经验,(1) experience作“经验”讲时是_名词，如： much experience in teaching 教学经验丰富； (2) experience作“经历”讲时是_名词，如： an unpleasant experience 一次不愉快的经历； (3) experience还可以作动词，意为“体验，经历”，如： experience pleasure 体验乐趣； (4) experience的形容词形式为_，意为“有经验的”，如： be experienced in 在方面有经验。
7、,帮你归纳,不可数,可数,experienced,( ) (2016阜康、米泉)He has much _ as an engineer. So he can build the bridge successfully. A. balance B. experience C. surface D. service (2017阜康、米泉)Our teacher has lots of _ in teaching. So he often makes his class active.,过中考,考点精讲过中考,B,experience,考点精讲过中考,高频词汇,6. habit n. 习惯,hab
8、it常作可数名词，表示个人的“习惯”或动植物的习惯。,帮你归纳,be in the habit of 有的习惯 break away from a habit 改掉一个习惯 fall into the habit of 养成习惯,( ) (2016阜康、米泉) My daughter seldom has _ dinner. It is _ unhealthy habit. You must ask her to change it. A. /; an B. the; an C. /; a D. the; a ( ) (2017南京) I go swimming every day. Wow!
9、 Thats a good _. It keeps you healthy. A. match B. task C. habit D. dream ( ) (2017温州)I have the _ of reading before sleeping. It has been part of my life. A. courage B. chance C. spirit D. habit,过中考,考点精讲过中考,A,C,D,考点精讲过中考,易混词汇,1. try to do sth.与manage to do sth.,try to do sth. 意为“尽力去做某事”，强调尽力去做，但不一定
10、做成功； _ to do sth. 意为“设法完成某事”，强调经过努力完成某件事。,帮你归纳,manage,( ) (2017黔西南)Amande feels _ because she is new here, so I try _ friends with her. A. alone; to make B. lonely; make C. lonely; to make D. alone; make ( ) (2016黄石)_ to smile at your life when you are in trouble, and you will soon be happy again. A
11、. Try B. To try C. Trying D. Tried,过中考,考点精讲过中考,C,A,考点精讲过中考,易混词汇,2. as well, too, also与either,以上四个词都有“也”的意思，但用法不同。 as well常用于口 语，用法与too相同，位于句尾，但前面通常不用逗号。 too是普通用词，也用于口语，常置于句尾。 also是较正式的用语，位于be动词、助动词、情态动词后，行为动词前。 either表示 “也”时，只用于_，且置于句尾。,帮你归纳,否定句, (2015海南) Ive never been to Beijing. I havent _ ( ) (2
12、017沈阳)We had fun and learnt something new _. We had a good time. A. also B. both C. as well D. either,过中考,考点精讲过中考,either,C,考点精讲过中考,核心句型,1. Have you decided what to do with these books, Hobo? 霍波，你已经决定要怎样处理这些书了吗？,what to do with how to _ with怎样处理。注意疑问词what和动词do搭配，疑问词how和动词deal搭配。如： What are we going t
13、o do with the problem? 我们将怎样处理这个问题呢？ I have a huge pile of letters to deal with. 我有一大堆信件要处理。,帮你归纳,deal,( ) (2016南京)It took me almost a whole day to _ so many emails. A. deal with B. cut in C. cheer for D. run out (2017黄冈)每个人应该竭尽所能处理这个问题。 Everyone is supposed to do what they can _ the problem. (deal)
14、,过中考,考点精讲过中考,A,to deal with,考点精讲过中考,核心句型,2. What do you like to read in your spare time? 你在空闲时间喜欢读点什么？,(1) spare作形容词，意为“空闲的，多余的”。如： How do you spend your spare time? 你怎样度过你的空闲时间？ (2) spare也可作动词，意为“_”。如： Please spare some time for your hobbies. 请为你的爱好留出一些时间。,帮你归纳,留出，匀出, (2015贵港改编)I often help my moth
15、er feed chickens on rice in my _ time. ( ) (2015盐城改编) Can Mr King _ some time for the charity show? If he _， he will try his best to make it. A. spare; will be invited B. spare; is invited C. spares; invites D. spares; invited,过中考,考点精讲过中考,spare,B,考点精讲过中考,核心句型,3. It moved up over my stomach and neck
16、until it was standing near my face.它往上移经过我的腹部和脖子，直到站在离我的脸很近的地方。,until prep. & conj.直到为止，相当于“_”。 (1) 肯定句中与延续性动词连用，表示“直到为止”。 (2) 否定句中与短暂性(瞬间)动词连用，常以not .until的形式出现，意为“直到才”。可与after, before等引导的时间状语从句进行句型转换。,帮你归纳,till,( ) (2017内江)My boss is waiting for the report, so I cant leave here _ I finish it. A. s
17、ince B. until C. though D. if (2017天水)Daves father went to bed after he came back home last night.(同义句转换) Daves father _ go to bed _ he came back home last night.,过中考,考点精讲过中考,B,didnt,until,考点精讲过中考,核心句型,4. However, they soon got up again and continued moving across my body.可是，他们不久后又爬起来，继续爬过我的身体。,(1)
18、continue _ sth. 继续做某事，也可以说continue to do sth.，两者意思大致相同。如： They continued meeting every day. They continued to meet every day. 他们继续每天见面。 (2)表示继续维持某一情况时，其后可直接跟名词作宾语，也可先接介词with，再接宾语。如： We will continue (with) the payments for another year. 我们这样的报酬还要维持一年。,帮你归纳,doing,(2016连云港)Researchers say temperatures
19、 in North Africa will continue _(上升) this summer.,过中考,考点精讲过中考,rising,考点精讲过中考,重点语法,1. 特殊疑问词动词不定式,(1) “特殊疑问词动词不定式”的结构相当于一个名词，在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、同位语等成分。大部分特殊疑问词可用于该结构，如when, how, which, where, who等等。注意：疑问词_不能用于该结构。,帮你归纳,why,考点精讲过中考,重点语法,如：Where to go is still a question. 去哪里仍然是个问题。 (作主语；作主语时，谓语动词常用单数
20、形式) I know where to find the boy. 我知道哪里能找到这个男孩。 (作动词know的宾语) The question is how to learn English well. 问题是怎样学好英语。(作表语) The question where to spend this weekend troubles Millie. 到哪儿过这个周末这个问题困扰着米莉。(作同位语) 连词whether也可以用于该结构。如： They are talking about whether to have a party. 他们正讨论是否要举办一场聚会。(作宾语),考点精讲过中考
21、,重点语法,(2) “特殊疑问词动词不定式”的结构经常用在某些动词(短语)后面作宾语，常见的有tell, show, know, learn, teach, find out, forget, wonder, remember等。如： Ill show you how to do it. 我会向你展示如何做这件事。 “特殊疑问词动词不定式”的结构还可以用在be sure, be clear等后面作宾语。 Im not sure when to leave. 我不确定何时离开。,考点精讲过中考,重点语法,(3) “特殊疑问词动词不定式”结构可以把复合句转换为简单句。如： I dont know
22、what Ill do next. I dont know what to do next. 我不知道下一步该做什么。 反之可以将含有“特殊疑问词动词不定式”结构的简单句转换为复合句。改写时只需在疑问词后加上适当的主语，并把不定式改为适当形式的谓语即可。如： Li Ping doesnt know how to learn English. Li Ping doesnt know how he should learn English. 李平不知道该怎样学英语。,考点精讲过中考,重点语法,(4) “特殊疑问词动词不定式”的结构可以独立成句。如： What to do? 该怎么办？How to
23、get rid of the trouble? 如何摆脱困境？ (5) 常见的两类错例 动词后面要不要加介词？如： 我还没决定住哪儿。 误： I havent decide where to live in. 正： I havent decide where to live. 注： where是疑问副词，副词前不需要加介词。可以说live there, live in the flat，但不可以说live in there, live the flat。,考点精讲过中考,重点语法, 动词后面要不要宾语？如： 我不知道该做什么。 误： I dont know what to do it. 正：
24、I dont know what to do. 注：这里不要it，因为前面的what就是do 的逻辑宾语， it在这里多余。 我不知道怎样做。 误： I dont know how to do. 正： I dont know how to do it. 注：这里要it，因为do是及物动词，后面需要宾语，而how是疑问副词，不能作动词do的宾语，它在这里作状语，所以这里需要it。,( ) (2017宿迁)The girl students are discussing _ the walls in the classroom. A. what to paint colour B. to pain
25、t what colour C. which colour to paint D. to paint which colour ( ) (2017菏泽) Have you decided when _？ Yes, tomorrow morning. A. will you leave B. are you leaving C. to leave,过中考,考点精讲过中考,C,C, (2016常州)I didnt know how _(teach) children when I started to work in a primary school. (2017泰州)Some middle sc
26、hool students dont know how _(keep) a balance between study and play.,过中考,考点精讲过中考,to teach,to keep,考点精讲过中考,重点语法,2. must和have to,_表示主观的意愿或命令，语气强烈。其否定形式为mustnt，意为“禁止，不可以”。_表示客观的义务或需要，意为“必须，不得不”，其否定形式为dont have to，表示“不必，不需要”，一般现在时的句子中主语为第三人称单数时，则要用has to, doesnt have to。如： We students must work hard. 我
27、们学生必须努力学习。My bike is broken today. I have to walk to school. 今天我的自行车坏了。我不得不步行上学。 Must I stay here? 我必须留在这儿吗？ No, you neednt./No, you dont have to. 不，你不必。,帮你归纳,must,have to,( ) (2017攀枝花)Dont arrive late for class. We _ on time. A. can be B. must be C. may be D. will be ( ) (2017永州) Must we finish the
28、 homework now? _. Our teacher doesnt ask us to. A. Yes, we must B. No, we mustnt C. No, we neednt ( ) (2016江西)You _ take me to the station. My brothers taking me. A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. dont have to,过中考,考点精讲过中考,B,C,D,一、单项选择 ( )1. (2017扬州树人学校三模) How difficult! It was a real race _ time to g
29、et the project done. Luckily, we made it. A. over B. against C. beyond D. between ( )2. (2017扬州一模) You cant reach _ something _ someones plate. OK, I wont. A. for; over B. to; over C. for; through D. to; through,过模拟,随堂精练过模拟,B,A,( )3. (2017南京鼓楼一模) Mum, Im dying for food. Can we have dinner now? Dear,
30、 lets wait _ your dad comes back. A. when B. after C. until D. while ( )4. (2017泰州姜堰二模) When can they finish the project? _. Just wait. A. Until next week B. Not until next Wednesday C. Since several days ago D. For several days,过模拟,C,B,随堂精练过模拟,( )5. (2017无锡新吴区二模) Do you know umbrellas are provided
31、for free at the underground station? Yes. But we _ return them in a week, or well pay for them. A. can B. would C. might D. must,过模拟,D,随堂精练过模拟,二、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. (2017南京高淳二模)In order to improve my English skills, I bought some _(copy) of China Daily from a streetcorner machine. 2. (2017镇江丹阳二模)The two _(Canada) have lived in China for over 10 years.,过模拟,copies,Canadians,随堂精练过模拟,
