1、第二部分 语法专题研究,专题十一 动词的语态,(必考：每卷12道，12分， 单选、完成句子、短文填空),精练版习题,1. (2017A卷27题)This picture _ by my cousin last year.A. draws B. drewC. is drawn D. was drawn,D,中考试练,重庆8年真题(20102017),2. (2017B卷29题)Its reported that Ke Jie _ by AlphaGo in May, 2017.A. beat B. beatsC. was beaten D. will be beaten 3. (2016B卷37
2、题)Mom, where is my model plane?Oh, it _ to Jenny yesterday.A. is lent B. lends C. was lent D. lent,C,C,4. (2015B卷30题)Our new library _ last year. We enjoy reading and studying in it.A. builds B. built C. is built D. was built 5. (2013B卷33题)Who is the little boy in the picture?Its me. The picture _ 1
3、0 years ago.A. took B. is takenC. has taken D. was taken,D,D,6. (2011年32题 )Im glad to find that many trees _ in our city last year.A. plant B. plantedC. were planted D. are planted 7. (2016A卷29题)Students do less homework now. Usually it _ before 9 oclock in the evening.A. finishes B. finishedC. is f
4、inished D. was finished,C,C,8. (2015A卷37题)How clean your car is!Thank you. It _ very often.A. is washed B. washesC. was washed D. washed 9. (2014B卷33题)Keep quiet, please! Talking _ during the meeting.A. is not allowed B. is allowedC. doesnt allow D. allows,A,A,10. (2013A卷33题)A lot of trees _ around
5、here every year, and we can enjoy fresher air now.A. were planted B. are plantedC. will plant D. are planting 11. (2012年33题)Chinese _ by more and more people from all over the world today.A. learn B. learnedC. is learned D. was learned,B,C,12. (2010年68题)More and more people speak Chinese in the worl
6、d. (改为被动语态)Chinese_ _ by more and more people in the world.,is spoken,13. What a beautiful garden you have! Your father must be a good gardener.So he is. Look! All these flowers _ by him.A. planted B. will be plantedC. were planted D. are planting,C,拓展提升,14. We are glad that a famous writer _ to our
7、 school to give a talk next week.A. invites B. invitedC. will be invited D. was invited 15. Most of the earths surface _ by ocean. Thats why the earth looks blue in space.A. covers B. coveredC. is covered D. was covered,C,C,16. A talk on American culture _ in the school hall yesterday afternoon.What
8、 a pity! I missed it.A. gave B. was givenC. has given D. is given 17. The speech competition _ as a success. Many students took part in it and they expressed their ideas well.A. regarded B. was regardedC. regards D. is regarded,B,B,18. Tom is always careless with his schoolwork. I think he _ to thin
9、k twice before starting.A. tells B. is toldC. should tell D. should be told,D,分析重庆近8年中考真题可知，在单选中动词的语态每年均会考查12道，且被动语态常常结合时态来考查。具体考查一般现在时的被动语态(8年6考)，一般过去时的被动语态(8年6考)。选项设置大多是两种时态结合两种语态。在完成句子中，考查一般现在时的被动语态1次(2010.68)。在短文填空中考查一般现在时的被动语态1次(2014A.80)。,满分突破,对于此类试题，考生可从以下几个方面解题： 分析选项，若出现两个被动语态的选项，则基本可判定本 题就是
10、考查被动语态，由此可排除两个主动语态的选项； 观察题干并确定主语与谓语之间是否存在逻辑上的动宾关 系，进一步确定是否为被动语态； 根据题干中的时间标志词或语境判断时态。时态的判断及 用法参考专题十 动词的时态。,例 Hurry up! Once the concert starts, nobody _ to enter the concert hall.A. allows B. allowed C. is allowed D. was allowed 方法点拨：第步：观察语境，找到关键词“Hurry up！” 可首先判断出本题的时态是一般现在时，排除B、D项；第 步：分析语境可知“nobody
11、”和“allow”之间为动宾关系，即 nobody为动作的承受者，应用被动语态。故选C。,常考被动语态的构成,主动语态变被动语态的方法,如何判断使用被动语态 1. 主语是人，强调突出动作的承受者。如：When I got to the cinema, I was told that there was no ticket.当我到达电影院时，我被告知没票了。 2. 主语为物，即将物提至句首，没有必要强调说出执行者是谁。如：These books are written for children. 这些书是为孩子们写的。,3. 当动作的执行者是泛指时(如people，one等)。如：Thousan
12、ds of trees are planted every year.(人们)每年种植成千上万棵树。 4. 出于礼貌措辞等原因不愿意说出动作的执行者。如：You are invited to a party at 8 am. tomorrow. 你被邀请参加明天早上八点的聚会。,5. 有必要指出动作的执行者时，用by动作的执行者。 如：We are all shocked by the news of his sudden death.他突然离世的消息使我们大家都感到震惊。,拓展： 主动结构表被动意义的情况 1. open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, wa
13、tch, cut, burn, drive等词作不及物动词讲时，它们的主语为物，可用主动结构表被动意义。如：This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种钢笔写起来很流畅。 2. look, sound, taste, smell等系动词用主动结构表被动意义。如：Uniforms look ugly on us.我们穿制服很难看。,3. be worth doing用主动形式表被动意义。如：This book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。 4. sth. requires doing用主动形式表被动意义。如：The old bike requires repairing if you want to use it again.如果你想再次使用这辆旧自行车，就得修理一下它。,
