1、第一篇 基础考点夯实,八年级(下) Units 13,高频词汇扫描,1,1stomach(n.)_(n.)胃痛;腹痛 2foot(n.)_(pl.)足;脚 3tooth(n.)_(pl.)牙齿 4breathe(v.)_(n.)呼吸 5climb(v.)_(n.)登山者;攀登者 6knife(n.)_(pl.)刀子 7important(adj.)_(n.)重要性 8die(v.)_(动名词)_(adj.)死亡的_(n.)死 9feel(v.)_(n.)感觉;感触,stomachache,feet,teeth,breath,climber,knives,importance,dying,dea
2、d,death,feeling,2,10satisfy(v.)_(adj.)对满意_(n.)满足;满意 11own(v.)_(n.)拥有者 12break(v.)_(adj.)破损的;残缺的 13train(v.)_(n.)训练;培训 14kind(adj.)_(n.)仁慈;善良 15interest(n.&v.)_(adj.)有趣的;令人感兴趣的 _(adj.)对感兴趣的 16depend(v.)_(adj.)依靠的;依赖的_(adj.)独立的;自主的_(n.)独立,satisfied,satisfaction,owner,broken,training,kindness,interesti
3、ng,interested,dependent,independent,independence,3,17develop(v.)_(adj.)发达的_(adj.)发展中的 _(n.)发展;发育;成长 18fair(adj.)_(n.)公正性;合理性_(adj.)不合理的;不公正的 19ill(adj.)_(n.)疾病_(adj.同义词)_(n.)疾病 20lie(v.)_(现在分词)_(过去式)_(过去分词)躺;平躺 lie(v.) _ (现在分词) _ (过去式) _ (过去分词)说谎 21able(adj.)有才能的_(v.) 使失去能力;使残疾 _(adj.) 丧失能力的;有残疾的,de
4、veloped,developing,development,fairness,unfair,illness,sick,sickness,lying,lay,lain,lying,lied,lied,disable,disabled,4,重点短语归纳,5,1_ a cold(短暂性)_ a cold(延续性) 感冒 2have _胃痛 3_ down and rest 躺下休息 4_ ones temperature 量体温 5have _发烧 6take _休息 7get _下车 8_ ones _ 令某人惊讶的是_ surprise惊讶地 9_ away at once in a minu
5、te/moment 立即;马上,catch,have,a stomachache,lie,take,a fever,breaks/ a break,off,to,surprise,in,right,6,10_ trouble陷入麻烦 11get/be used to _ sth.习惯于;适应于 12take _冒险 13run _ sth.耗尽某物sth.run _某物用完(了) 14cut _切除 15_ out of 离开;从中出来 16be _ of 掌管;管理 17_ up doing sth.放弃做某事 18thanks _幸亏;由于 19go to a _ /_看医生/牙医,get
6、 into,doing,risks/ a risk,out of,out,off,get,in control,give,to,doctor,dentist,7,20_ down 摔倒 21_ on _ sth.继续或坚持做某事 22_ oneself _ sth.做某事伤着自己 23_ oneself doing sth.做某事割伤自己 24be ready _ sth.准备好做某事;乐意做某事 25get _做个X光检查 26put some _ on.在上敷药 27without _没多想 28_ ones life 失去生命 29go mountain _去爬山,fall,keep,d
7、oing,hurt,doing,cut,to do,an X-ray,medicine,thinking twice,lose,climbing,8,30_ up 打扫(清除)干净(代词作宾语放中间) 31_ up (使)变得更高兴;振奋起来(代词作宾语放中间) 32give _分发;散发 33_想出;提出(主意、计划、回答) 34put _ sth.推迟做某事 35hand _分发 36call _打电话给(某人);征召 37care for_照顾 38_ for参加选拔;试用 39_repair修理;安装,clean,cheer,out,come up with,off doing,out
8、,up,take care of,look after,try out,fix up,9,40give _赠送;捐赠 41_ afterbe _(外貌或行为)像 42_ up 建起;设立 43make _ to影响(很大);有作用 44_ up 张贴;公布;搭建 45used to _曾经;过去 46work _解决;计算出;产生结果;发展 47in order _(从句) 目的是;为了 48in order _ do 目的是;为了 49all _频繁;反复,away,take,similar to,set,a(big)difference,put,do,out,that,to,the tim
9、e,10,50as _ asthe minute一就 51_ the rubbish 倒垃圾 52depend _依靠;信赖 53any _ now 随时;马上 54do houseworkdo _做家务 55_ sth._ sb.向某人借某物 56_ sb.sth._ sth._ sb.把某物借给某人 57_ sth._ sb._ sb._ sth.为某人提供某物 58_ ill (短暂性) be ill (延续性)生病 59spend money/time _ sth.在上花费金钱/时间 spend money/time _ sth.花费金钱/时间做某事,soon,take out,on,
10、minute,chores,borrow,from,lend,lend,to,provide,for,provide,with,fall,on,(in) doing,11,常用句型精析,12,1Whats the matter with you? (教材P1) Whats wrong with you? Whats the trouble with you? 你怎么了? 精析:(1)此句型中matter作名词用,其前要加定冠词the。(2)matter还可作不及物动词,“要紧;有关系”,常用于否定、疑问或条件句。 It doesnt matter.没关系。(3)no matter whowho
11、ever; no matter whatwhatever; no matter where wherever引导让步状语从句。,13,2I have a stomachache.我胃痛。(教材P1) 精析:(1)患(病);遭受(病痛)用have:have a cold; have a fever; have a sore back; have a toothache。 (2)一部分身体部位的名词加上ache(疼痛),构成复合名词。如:headache 头痛;toothache 牙痛。,14,3She talked too much yesterday and didnt drink enoug
12、h water. 昨天她说话太多并没有喝足够的水。(教材P1) 精析:(1)此处too much相当于副词,放在动词talked后作状语。如:eat too much; sleep too much。 (2)enough 作形容词修饰名词放名词前,如:enough money.enough作副词修饰形容词要后置。如:big enough足够大;brave enough 足够勇敢。 be adj. enough to do sth.足够做某事。,15,4I think you should lie down and rest.我认为你应该躺下休息。(教材P2) 精析:(1) lie(lay, l
13、ain, lying) 此处为不及物动词,意为“躺;卧”。 【拓展】lie作为不及物动词,意为“撒谎;说谎”,过去式和过去分词均为lied,现在分词为lying。 lie作可数名词,意为“谎言;假话”。 a white lie一个善意的谎言,16,(2) rest此处为不及物动词,意为“休息”;rest用作及物动词,意为“使休息”。 You should rest your eyes after a lot of reading.长时间阅读后你应该让眼睛休息一下。 【拓展】rest常作可数名词,意为“休息”。 take a rest take a break take breaks休息,17,
14、5At 9:00 am.yesterday, bus No.26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.昨天上午9点,26路公交车正行驶在中华路上,这时司机看到一位老人躺在路边。(教材P3) 精析:(1) 此处was going为过去进行时结构。过去进行时由“was/were 现在分词”构成,表示过去某个时间点正在发生或进行的动作。 I was writing a report yesterday afternoon.昨天下午我正在写一份报告。 (2)
15、 see sb.doing sth.为固定结构,意为“看见某人正在做某事”。 I saw him getting on a bus just now.刚才我看到他上了一辆公共汽车。,18,【辨析】 see sb.doing sth.与see sb.do sth.,19,6.He got off and asked the woman what happened.他下了车,问那个妇女发生了什么事。(教材P3) 精析:get off此处意为“下车”。 Never get off while the bus is moving. 车在行驶时,切勿下车。,20,【辨析】get off, get on,
16、 get into 与get out of,21,7.Its sad that many people dont want to help others because they dont want any trouble .许多人因为不想有麻烦而不想帮助别人,这真令人难受(教材P3) 精析:(1)此处it为形式主语,真正的主语为that引导的从句。 Its true that I have been to London.我去过伦敦是事实。 (2)trouble此处用作不可数名词,意为“问题;苦恼;麻烦”。 The less trouble the better.(谚)多一事不如少一事。 【拓
17、展】trouble也可作动词,常常带宾语,意为“使苦恼;打扰”。 Im sorry to trouble you.对不起,打扰你了。 Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. (谚)麻烦没来找你,别去自找麻烦。,22,8There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents.有许多次阿伦因为事故几乎失去生命。(教材P6) 精析:almost副词,意为“几乎;差不多”。 nearly意为“差不多;几乎;将近”,差距一般比almost大。如:Hes n
18、early ready.他快准备好了。 【辨析】because of 与 because,23,9.So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm. 因此他用刀子切除了他的一半右臂。(教材P6) 精析:(1) use sth.to do sth. use sth.for doing sth.用某物做某事 I use a knife to cut apples. I use a knife for cutting apples.我用刀子切苹果。 (2)knife可数名词,意为“刀”,其复数形式为knives。 (3)cut off为固定短语,
19、意为“切除;切断”。 When was the telephone cut off?电话什么时候被切断了? 【拓展】常见的与cut相关的短语: cut down砍倒,减少;cut up切碎; cut in插入,插话;cut out 删除,24,10His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.他对登山如此酷爱以至于即使这次经历之后他还继续爬山。(教材P6) 精析:(1)keep on doing sth.继续做某事 【拓展】keep
20、 doing sth.继续不停地做某事 Keep going until you reach the end of the road.继续走,直到你到了路的尽头。 keep sb.doing sth.使某人一直做某事 Dont keep your mother waiting.不要让你妈妈一直等着。 keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 (2)experience此处为可数名词,意为“经历”。用作“经验”时不可数。,25,11Aron loves mountains climbing and doesnt mind taking risks.阿伦喜欢爬山,不介意冒险。(
21、教材P7) 精析:此处mind为动词,意为“介意;在乎”;后面可接动名词作宾语,但不能跟动词不定式。 Would you mind parking your car there? 你介意把车子停到那边吗?,26,12The girl could volunteer in an afterschool study program to teach kids.这个女孩可以志愿在课外学习活动小组教孩子。(教材P9) 精析:(1)volunteer 动词,意为“志愿做;义务做”,后可跟名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。常见短语:volunteer to do sth.。 (2)volunteer作可数名词
22、,意为“志愿者”。,27,13We cant put off making a plan.我们不能推迟制订计划了。(教材P10) 精析:put off意为“推迟”,其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.今天的事不要拖到明天办。 【拓展】由put构成的常用短语有: put away 将收起来 put on 穿上;上演 put down 放下;记下 put out 熄灭;伸出 put back 放回原处 put up 张贴;搭建,28,14I get such a strong feeling of
23、satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners faces.当我看到动物们(病情)渐好,看到它们的主人脸上的喜悦时,我产生出那么一种极强的满足感来。(教材P11) 精析:(1) feeling此处用作可数名词,意为“感觉;感触”。 Ive got a bad feeling.我有一种不好的预感。 feel用作连系动词,“觉得;感受到”,后接形容词。 (2) satisfaction不可数名词,意为“满意;满足”,其反义词是dissatisfaction。 She smiled
24、in satisfaction.她满意地笑了。 satisfaction(名词)满意satisfy(动词)使满意 satisfied(形容词)满意的 be satisfied to do sth.对做某事感到满意 be satisfied with.对感到满意,29,(3)joy此处用作不可数名词,意为“高兴;愉快”。 Life is always full of joy.人生总是充满欢乐。 He jumped up with joy.他高兴地跳起来。 (4)owner可数名词,意为“物主;主人”。 He is the owner of the car.他是这辆车的主人。,30,【拓展】own
25、形容词,意为“自己的”,一般用于形容词性物主代词或名词所有格之后以加强语气。 I saw it with my own eyes.我是亲眼看见它的。 own及物动词,意为“有;拥有”,相当于have。 of ones own意为“属于某人自己的”。 At last Ive got a big house of my own. 我终于有了一栋属于自己的大房子。,31,15Our class is trying to come up with some ideas to cheer up sick children because they are often sad.我们班正在努力想出一些主意使
26、生病的孩子高兴起来,因为他们经常难过。(教材P12) 精析:sick形容词,意为“生病的;有病的”;其反义词为well。 【辨析】sick与ill,32,16.For example, we can make plans to_visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people.例如,我们可以制订计划到医院里去看望生病的孩子或者为无家可归的人筹钱。 (教材P12) 精析:raise作及物动词,意为“筹集;征集”。 They want to raise enough money for building a
27、 school.他们想筹集足够的钱来建一所学校。,33,【拓展】raise的其他用法: 作及物动词,意为“举起;抬起”。 Please raise your hands! 请举手! 作及物动词,意为“种植”。 Their family raised a lot of corn. 他们家种了很多玉米。 作及物动词,意为“饲养;供养”。 She likes to raise a dog.她喜欢养狗。,34,17I want to travel alone.我想独自去旅行。(教材P12) 精析:(1)alone作副词,意为“单独地;独自地”。 live alone独自生活; leave me alo
28、ne让我一个人呆着 (2)alone作副词,用在名词或代词之后,“只有;仅仅”。He alone understands me.唯有他理解我。 (3)alone作形容词,意为“独自的;单独的”。 She was alone in the dark room. 她单独一人待在那间黑暗的屋子里。,35,辨析:alone与lonelyHe lives alone but doesnt feel lonely.他独自一人居住,但并不感到孤独。,36,18Then one day last year, a friend of mine helped me out.后来,去年的一天,我的一位朋友帮我摆脱了
29、困境。(教材P14) 精析:(1)a friend of mine意为“我的一位朋友”,是一个双重所有格,相当于one of my friends。 A friend of mine named Paul received an expensive car from his brother as a Christmas present.我的一个叫保罗的朋友收到他哥哥作为圣诞节礼物送给他的一辆昂贵的小轿车。 (2)help sb.out意为“帮助某人摆脱困境;帮助某人解决难题”。 Help them out as possible as you can.尽可能地帮助他们摆脱困境。 I cant
30、work out this math problem.Please help me out.我做不出这道数学题,请帮我解决。,37,19You see, Im only able to have a “doghelper” because of your kindness! 你看,正是因为你的仁慈,我才能有一只“导盲犬”!(教材P14) 精析:kindness不可数名词,意为“仁慈;善良”。 I cant thank you enough for your kindness. 对你的好意我感激不尽。 【拓展】类似的由“形容词ness”构成的名词还有: goodgoodness(善良); hap
31、pyhappiness(幸福); illillness(疾病);sadsadness(悲伤),38,20My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV.我一在电视机前坐下,我妈妈就过来了。(教材P19) 精析:(1) come over 为固定短语, “过来;来访;拜访”。 When did you first come over to China? 你第一次来中国是什么时候? (2)as soon as“一就”,引导时间状语从句。 He left as soon as he heard the news. 他一听到这个消息就
32、走了。 Ill write to you as soon as I get there. 我一到那儿,就给你写信。,39,(3)【辨析】in front of 与in the front of,40,21.Could you lend me some money?你能借给我一些钱吗?(教材P20) 精析:lend(lent,lent)及物动词,意为“借给;借出”。 常见的短语:lend sb.sth.lend sth.to sb.,意为“借给某人某物”或“把某物借给某人”。 其反义词为:borrow。,41,【辨析】lend,borrow与keep,42,22.invite my friend
33、s to a party邀请我的朋友来参加聚会(教材P21) 精析:invite为及物动词,意为“邀请”。 invite sb.to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事”。 【拓展】invite的名词形式为invitation,意为“邀请;请帖”。 Thank you for your kind invitation. 谢谢你的盛情邀请。,43,23Housework is a waste of their time. 家务活浪费他们的时间。(教材P22) 精析:(1)短语:a waste of time 浪费时间 (2)waste作不可数名词,意为“浪费;废物;垃圾”。 I hate was
34、te.我讨厌浪费。 (3) waste作形容词,意为“无用的;浪费的;荒废的”。 We shouldnt throw waste paper about.我们不应该把废纸到处扔。 (4)waste作及物动词,意为“浪费”。 People shouldnt waste food. 人们不应该浪费粮食。,44,24As a result, he often fell ill and his grades dropped.结果,他经常生病,成绩下降。(教材P22) 精析:(1)as a result为习惯用语,意为“结果;因此”。 He didnt work hard, as a result, h
35、e failed his exam.他不用功,结果他考试不及格。 【拓展】as a result of意为“由于;作为的结果”。Whats the result of this match? 这场比赛的结果怎样? (2)此处fall(fell, fallen)为连系动词,意为“进入某种状态;变成”。 He was so tired that he fell asleep quickly. 他是那么累以至于很快就睡着了。 Finally she fell silent.最后她静了下来。,45,【辨析】fall ill 与 be ill(3)此处drop为不及物动词,意为“下降;降落”。 Frui
36、ts will drop.果实快落了。 Price for meat dropped.肉跌价了。,46,【辨析】drop与fall,47,25.The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.孩子们越早学会独立,对他们的未来就越好。(教材P22) 精析:(1) the earlier., the better.意为“越早,越好”,其结构为:the 比较级,the 比较级,意为“越越”。 The faster, the better.越快越好。 The more friends you hav
37、e, the happier youll be.你拥有朋友越多,你就会越快乐。 The harder you study, the better grades youll get.你学习越用功,你取得的成绩就越好。 (2) independent为形容词,意为“独立的;自主的”。 China is an independent country. 中国是个独立自主的国家。,48,考点、易错点演练,49,考点1 They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.他们给我讲过去的生活经历,讲过去是什么样子的。(教材P10) 解
38、析:used to意为“过去;曾经”,后跟动词原形,表示“过去常常做某事”,只表示过去和现在的对比,暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态。,50,The book is used to teach us how to write.这本书教我们如何写作。 A stamp is used for sending letters.邮票用来寄信。 He is used to eating out all the times.他已经习惯一直在外面吃饭了。 My aunt goes to climb mountains every Sunday. Oh? But she hate climbing mounta
39、ins. Aused to Bwas used to Cis used to 解析:used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”,而现在往往不做了; be used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”;be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”。句意:我的阿姨每个星期天都去爬山。哦?但她过去很讨厌爬山的。 答案:A。,51,考点2 The Internet is so closely connected with our daily life.Can you a life without it? Aunderstand Bimagine Cconsider D
40、expect 【剖析】understand意为“理解”;imagine意为“想象”;consider意为“考虑”;expect意为“期望”。句意:网络与我们的日常生活联系如此紧密。没有它你能想象生活是什么样吗? 答案: B,52,考点3 For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. 一个星期,她没做家务活,我也没有做。(教材P19) He doesnt like swimming and neither do I. 他不喜欢游泳,我也不喜欢。 You cant speak Japanese and neither c
41、an I. 你不会说日语,我也不会。,53,【拓展】neither作代词,意为“(两者)都不”。 Neither of my parents is at home.我父母两个都不在家。 Would you like the red shirt or the black one? 你想要那件红色衬衫还是黑色的? Neither, Id like the white one. 两件都不要,我要那件白色的。 neither作形容词,与名词单数连用,意为“(两者)都不”。 Neither answer is right.两个答案都不对。 neither.nor.意为“既不也不”。(连接两个主语时遵循“
42、就近原则”) The room is neither big nor bright.这个房间既不大也不明亮。 Neither you nor I am right.你不对,我也不对。,54,考点4 Boys and girls, calm down and focus on the test paper _ you begin to think about the answers.Be confident.You can do it! Aas if Bas soon as Calthough 【剖析】as if“好像”;as soon as“一就”,although“虽然;尽管”。由空格所在句
43、意“同学们,你们一开始思考答案的时候就要保持平静并聚焦在试卷上”可知B项符合题意。 答案: B,55,考点5 Why are you standing, Alice? I cant see the blackboard clearly.Two tall boys are sitting _ me. Abehind Bnext to Cbetween Din front of 解析:句意“爱丽丝,你为什么站着?”“我看不清黑板。两个高个子男孩正坐在我前面。”由此可知选D。,56,考点6 (内江中考)She saw some boys _ soccer on the playground when she was on the way to the classroom. Aplayed Bto play Cplaying 【剖析】句意为“她在去教室的路上看见一些男孩正在操场上踢足球”。see后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补,也可跟动词ing形式作宾补,但意思不同。see sb.do sth.看见某人做某事(表示看见某人经常做某事或做某事的全过程);see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事。 答案: C,57,