1、Units 5-6,1. _ n. 环境 _ adj. 自然环境的; 有关环境的 2. _ n. 叶; 叶子 _ (复数),知识清单,(一) 单词,environment,leaf,leaves,environmental,3. _ v. 生产; 制造; 出产 _ n. 产品 4. _ adj. 广泛的; 普通的 _ adv. 广泛地; 普通地 5. _ 法国 _ n. 法语adj. 法国的; 法国人的; 法语的 6. _ 德国 _ n. 德国人; 德语 adj. 德国的,produce,wide,France,product,widely,French,Germany,German,7. _
2、 v. 避免; 回避 8. _ adj. 每天的; 日常的 _ 每天 9. _ n. 参赛者; 竞争者 _ n. 竞争; 比赛 10. _ n. 庆典; 庆祝活动 _ v. 庆祝 11. _ v. 完成adj. 完整的; 完全的; 彻底的,avoid,everyday,every day,competitor,celebrate,celebration,competition,complete,12. _ n. 高兴; 愉快 _ v. 使高兴; 使满意 _ adj. 令人愉快的; 舒适的 13. _ adj. 每日的; 日常的_ n. 白天; 一天 14. _ v. 列表; 列清单n. 名单;
3、 清单 15. _ v. 提到; 说到 16. _ v. 保持不变; 剩余,daily,pleasure,please,pleasant,day,list,mention,remain,17. _ adj. 国家的; 民族的_ n. 国家; 民族 18. _ v. 做买卖; 从事贸易n. 贸易; 交易 19. _ adj. 受欢迎的; 流行的_ n. 受欢迎; 普及 20. _ v. 翻译 _ n. 翻译; 译文,national,nation,trade,popular,popularity,translate,translation,21. _ adj. 音乐_ adj. 音乐的; 有音乐
4、天赋的 22. _ adj. 咸的 _ n. 盐 23. _ 加拿大_ adj. 加拿大的; 加拿大人的n. 加拿大人 24. _ n. 英雄; 男主角_ (复数),music,musical,salty,salt,Canada,heroes,Canadian,hero,25. _ n. 职业; 行业_ adj. 职业的; 专业的 26. _ n. 事故; 意外; 偶然 _ adj. 意外的; 偶然的 27. _ n. 疑惑; 疑问v. 怀疑,profession,professional,accident,accidental,doubt,1. _ 实现某人的梦想 2. _ 突然；猛地 3.
5、 _ 低价 4. _ 同时 5. _ 避免做某事 6. _ 被覆盖,（二）短语,achieve ones dream,all of a sudden,at a low price,at the same time,avoid doing sth.,be covered with,7. _ 以闻名; 为人知晓 8. _ 由制成 9. _ 被变成 10. _ 被用来做某事 11. _ 违反规则 12. _ 偶然；意外地 13. _ 手工 14. _ 错误地；无意中,be known/famous for,be made of / from,be turned into,by accident,by
6、 hand,by mistake,break the rule,be used for doing sth.,15. _ 疏忽驾驶 16. _ 日常生活 17. _ 把分开 18. _ 梦想; 幻想; 向往 19. _ 环境保护 20. _ 日用品 21. _ 童话故事 22. _ 掉进,careless driving,daily life,divide . into,dream of,environmental protection,everyday things,fairy tale,fall into,23. _ 有道理 24. _高科技产品 25. _ 处于困境中 26. _ 钦佩；
7、仰慕 27. _ 泡茶 28. _ 不论；无论 29._ 不但而且,have a point,in trouble,make tea,no matter,high-technology products,not only.but also.,look up to,30. _ 剪纸 31. _ 发生；出现 32. _ 的数量 33. _把翻译成 34. _ 毫无疑问；的确,paper cutting,take place,the number of .,translate . into .,without doubt,1. . was / were made in+某地是在(地方)制造的。 2.
8、 . is / are made of / from+材料是由(材料)制成的。 3. It seems that .好像是 / 似乎 4. It takes some time to do sth.做某事花费一些时间。,（三）句型,5. . was invented in +时间是在(时候)发明的。 6. . was invented by.是由发明的。 7. No matter what you., you might think .不论你，你可能认为,8. It is said that . 据说 9. It is believed that . 人们认为 / 据信 10. . has n
9、ot only become ., but it has also become .不仅已经变成了而且也已经变成了,1. glass n. 玻璃【归纳】glass作不可数名词, 意为“玻璃”。a piece of glass意为“一块玻璃”。glass作可数名词, 意为“玻璃杯”。a glass of wine意为“一杯葡萄酒”。glass的复数形式是glasses, 意为“眼镜”。a pair of glasses 意为“一副眼镜”。,核心要点,(一) 单词,2. avoid v. 避免; 回避【归纳】avoid后可跟名词和v.-ing形式。【拓展】 动词后只跟v.-ing形式作宾语, 常见
10、搭配:finish doing sth. keep doing sth.practice doing sth. consider doing sth.enjoy doing sth. mind doing sth.have dun doing sth. end up doing sth.,【中考链接】- China is getting better and better at making high technology products.- Thats right. People around the world can hardly avoid _ products made in Ch
11、ina. (2015黄冈)A. not buying B. not to buyC. to buy D. buying,3. 辨析 everyday/every dayeveryday, 形容词, 意为“每天的; 日常的”, 用来修饰名词。every day意为“每天”, 在句中通常用时间状语。,4. 辨析 lively/living/alivelively意为“生气勃勃的”, 既可以指活着的生物, 也可以指抽象的概念。living意为“活着的; 健在的”。既可指生物, 也可指其他事物。在句中作定语和表语, 作表语时相当于alive。alive意为“活着的”。常用作表语, 如果作定语, 需后置
12、。,【运用】 1) 单项选择- Miss Zhang is very popular with the students.- Yes. Her classes are always _ and interesting.A. lively B. live C. living D. alive 2) 根据汉语意思完成句子我的家乡是一座生机勃勃的城市。My hometown is _ _ _.,A,a lively city,5. 辨析pleasant/pleasure/pleased/pleasepleasant adj. 令人愉快的; 令人高兴的作表语时, 主语为物; 作定语时, 可以修饰人或物
13、。pleasure n. 快乐; 乐趣pleased adj. 高兴的; 满意的 只作表语, 主语是人。please v. 使满意,【中考链接】- It is very nice of you to help me.- _.A. I agree B. Not yetC. My pleasure D. No way(2015 昆明),6. smell n. 气味 v. 发出气味; 闻到 【归纳】smell还可以作系动词, 意为“闻起来”, 其后可以跟形容词作表语。【拓展】常见的感官动词:look 看起来 sound 听起来smell 闻起来 taste 尝起来feel 摸起来; 感觉,【中考链接
14、】The meat on the plate _ so delicious. Lets try it together.A. smells B. soundsC. sees D. feels(2015 青岛),7. divide v. 分开; 分散【归纳】常见搭配:divide up 分开, 分割divide into 分成, 划分为divide sth. into 把某物分成,【中考链接】Dr. Naismith d_ the men in his class into two teams and taught them to play basketball. (2015 杭州),divid
15、ed,1. 辨析 be famous/known for be famous/known asbe famous/know for表示“因而出名”, 后跟出名的原因。be famous/know as表示“作为而出名”, 后跟职业、身份等。,(二) 短语,【中考链接】Sanya is famous _ its beautiful beaches. A. of B. for C. as (2014绥化),2. turn into 变成【拓展】turn 短语：turn in 上交turn out 结果是turn on 打开turn off 关闭turn down 关小; 调低(音量)turn up
16、 开大; 调高(音量),【运用】 1) 单项选择- The classroom is so bright now. You should _ the lights.- OK, I will.A. turn on B. turn up C. turn down D. turn off 2) 根据汉语意思完成句子水可以变成冰。Water can be _ _ ice.,D,turned into,3. 辨析 take place/happentake place意为“发生”, 指事先计划好, 事情按照预定的方向“发生”。happen意为“(碰巧)发生”, 指事情的发生带有一定的偶然性。常见用法:s
17、b. happen(s) to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事sth. happen(s) to sb. 某人发生了某事,【拓展】happen和take place都没有被动语态。 【运用】 1) 单项选择 The sports meeting will _ in our school next week. A. take after B. take off C. take place D. take away,2) 根据汉语意思完成句子。 (1) 一九一九年，中国爆发了五四运动。In 1919, the May 4th Movement _ _ in China. (2) 他碰巧知道那个地方
18、。He _ _ know the place.,happened to,4. without doubt 毫无疑问; 的确doubt 在此外作名词, 意为“疑惑; 疑问”, doubt还可以作动词, 意为“怀疑”。【中考链接】毫无疑问, 中国人最了解茶文化。_ _, the Chinese know about tea culture best.(2015 烟台),Without doubt,5. stopfrom doing sth. 阻止做某事【中考链接】I will try my best to stop my son from _ the same mistakes.A. make B
19、. made C. makes D. making(2015 重庆),6. look up to 钦佩; 仰慕【拓展】其反义词为look down on/upon, 意为“贬低; 看不起”.【中考链接】马云很成功, 许多年轻人仰慕他。(look)Ma Yun is so successful that many young people _ him.(2015 宜昌),look up to,1. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries.无论你买什么，你可能会认
20、为那些产品都是产自那些国家。,（三）句式,【归纳】no matter 意为“不论; 无论”, 后接关系代词或关系副词, 引导让步状语从句。 【拓展】常用句型：no matter what = whatever 无论什么no matter who = whoever 无论谁no matter where = wherever . 无论何处no matter when = whenever 无论何时,【中考链接】“_ (无论何事) happens, Ill look after my father will.” The Most Beautiful Filial Child (最美孝心少年) Li
21、ang Weiyue said. (2015 连云港),Whatever,2. It takes several weeks to complete everything.完成所有事情要花费几周时间。【归纳】It takes sb. some time to do sth. 意为“某人花费多长时间做某事”。,【中考链接】- It will _ only about 50 minutes to travel to Mount Wuyi by high-spread railway.- Wow, how exciting! I cant wait.A. take B. spend C. cost(
22、2015 福州),3. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.据说一位叫神农的中国统治者最早发现了茶可以饮用。【归纳】It is said that意为“据说”。,【拓展】类似用法的结构还有:It is believed that 人们相信/认为It is reported that 据报道It is well know that 众所周知 【典型例题】据说你通过了考试。_ _ _ _ you passed the test.,It is said th
23、at,4. In England, tea didnt appear until around 1660, but in less than 100 years, it had become the national drink.在英国, 茶直到大约1660年才出现, 但是不到100年, 它就变成了国家级的饮品。,【归纳】not until 意为“直到才”, 表示直到某一时间某行为才发生。 【中考链接】- Excuse me, may I come in?- Not yet. Please wait on your chair _ your name is called.A. and B. u
24、ntil C. after D. since (2015 呼和浩特),5. Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play, but it has also become a popular to watch.篮球不仅成为一项人们喜欢玩的运动, 也成为了一项人们喜欢观看的运动。,【归纳】 not onlybut also是固定搭配, 意为 “不仅而且”。 连接并列主语时, 谓语动词要和but also 后的主语保持一致, 即遵循“就近原 则”。,【中考链接】At school, we are taught _ knowledge _
25、 how to behave well.A. neither; nor B. either; orC. not only; but also D. not; but(2015 青岛),语法,被动语态语态是用来表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中有两种语态，一种是主动语态，表示主语是动作的执行者；另一种是被动语态，表示主语是动作的承受者，有时候句中有由by引导的短语说明动作的执行者。,一、被动语态的构成被动语态通常由“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态可用于多种时态，初中阶段需要掌握的是一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态，其结构如下：,一般现在时的被动语态：am / is /
26、 are+及物动词的过去分词 一般过去时的被动语态：was / were+及物动词的过去分词 一般将来时的被动语态：will+ be+及物动词的过去分词am / is / are going to+be +及物动词的过去分词 注意：含情态动词的被动语态的结构是：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。,二、被动语态的用法(主要用于以下几种情况) 1. 强调动作的承受者。如：This novel is liked by most young people. 2. 不知道动作的执行者。如：The book is written for children. 3. 没有必要提及执行者。如：The work
27、 must be finished in a week. 4. 有些动词习惯上常用被动语态。如：New York is thought to be the busiest city.,三、被动语态结构中应注意的几个问题 1. “一感觉(feel)”、“两听(hear, listen to)”、“三使(make, let, have)”、“四看(see, watch, look, notice)”等动词在主动句中要跟不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动句中，这些词后面的动词不定式都需要带to。如：In the old days, they were made to work 14 hou
28、rs a day.,2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可将主动句中的直接宾语或间接宾语变为被动句中的主语。如果把主动句中的直接宾语(指物)变为被动句中的主语，则需在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词to或for。常接to的动词有give, tell, lend, show, pass, hand等；常接for的动词有buy, get等。如：,主动结构：Maria showed me some photos. / Maria showed some photos to me. 被动结构：I was shown some photos by Maria. (间接宾语作主语) Some photos
29、were shown to me by Maria. (直接宾语作主语) 3. “不及物动词+介词 / 副词”构成的短语动词，变成被动句时，要把它们作为整体看待，介词或副词不可与动词拆开或漏掉。如： My sister is looked after well in the hospital.,【拓展】主动形式表示被动意义的情况 1. 有些动词常用其主动形式表示被动意义，如sell, wash, write等和表示感觉、知觉的系动词feel, sound, taste, smell等。如：The cloth washes well.Oh, the milk tastes strange. 2.
30、 在need, require, worth后用动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义。如：The red flower needs watering.= The red flower needs to be watered.,中考链接,I. 将下列句子改为被动语态，每空一词。 1. The teacher made the students copy the text.The students were _ _ copy the text. (2015 贵州安顺) 2. Wesley translates two French storybooks into Chinese every ye
31、ar.Two French storybooks _ _ into Chinese by Wesley every year. (2015 上海),made to,are translated,3. Dont put off todays work to tomorrow. You must do your homework today.Dont put off todays work to tomorrow. Your homework must _ _ today. (2015 贵州黔西南),be done,. 单项选择 1. The novel _ by many people toda
32、y.A. is read B. are read C. reads D. were read(2015 天津),2. Dont smoke here, Dad. Smoking _ in public places.Oh, sorry. Ill stop right now.A. isnt allowed B. arent allowed C. doesnt allow (2015 福建福州),3. We _ to start at once, or we will miss the train.A. tell B. have told C. are told D. told(2015 山东青
33、岛) 4. She _ to give a talk about how to save water yesterday.A. invite B. invited C. is invited D. was invited(2015 吉林长春),5. These model cars _ in China in 2013.A. are made B. were made C. make D. made (2015 北京) 6. Tourists bad behavior _ by the government in our country from now on.A. will record B
34、. will be recorded C. records D. is recorded (2015 陕西),7. Teenagers should _ to take care of themselves from a young age.A. educate B. be educating C. have educated D. be educated(2015 山东临沂) 8. A new school _ last year in my hometown.A. set up B. sets up C. is set up D. was set up(2015 四川资阳),9. To o
35、ur surprise, the walls of the new bookstore _ books.A. are lined with B. is lined with C. have lined with (2015 福建厦门),10. Though he often made his little sister _, today he was made _ by his little sister.A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry(2015 广东汕尾),11. He Jiang _ to give a
36、 speech at the graduation ceremony at Harvard University last month. (2016 广东) A. invites B. invited C. is invited D. was invited 12. Its reported that Jiangsu Grand Theatre _ in September this year. A. completes B. is completed C. will complete D. will be completed (2016 江苏南京),13. You are not suppo
37、sed to go to a family party unless you _ to in the US. A. are not invited B. are invited C. will be invited (2016 四川成都) 14. Tom is always careless with his schoolwork. Could you help him? No problem! I think he _ to think twice before starting. (2016 湖北黄冈) A. should be told B. can tell C. should tel
38、l D. can be telling,15. A year has four seasons and it _ twelve months. A. divided into B. is dividing into C. was divided into D. is divided into (2016湖北十堰) 16. Hey, Kate, you werent at home at eight oclock last night. Oh, I _ in the library when you called me. A. was reading B. was read C. read,特征
39、 (Features) 1. 形状(Shape)A. What does it look like?What shape is your new toy? / Whats the shape of your new toy?B. It looks like a red apple.Its round / long / tall / short.Its a circle / square / triangle.,交际用语,2. 材料(Material)A. Whats the bottle made of ?Whats the paper made from?B. Its made of gla
40、ss.Its made from wood.Mom bought a silk scarf this morning.,根据对话内容，在空白处填入恰当的句 子，使对话完整、通顺。 A: Carla, the “girl” on your desk is quite pretty. (1) _? B: She is a character from a fairy tale. A: (2) _? B: Its made of clay. A: (3) _? B: Of course me. I have made ten dolls (玩偶) like this.,Who is she,What
41、 is it made of,Who made it,A: Thats great. (4) _? B: I learned to make them two years ago. A: I like the “girl” very much. (5) _? B: With pleasure. A: How long does it take you to make one? B: About a month. A: I see. Thanks a lot.,Could you please make one for me,When did you learn to make them,巩固练
42、习,I. 根据句意及所给首字母提示，补全句中所缺单词。 1. The price of the skirt is very l . I can afford it. 2. There is a sign in the garden. It says “Keep off the g ”. 3. The computer is very important in our e life.,low,grass,everyday,巩固练习,4. Maria doesnt like eating grapes because sometimes theyre s . 5. The t accident h
43、appened on a cold winter morning. 6. Remember to l the door when you leave. Safety comes first.,lock,sour,traffic,. 根据句意及所给汉语提示，完成下列句 子，每空一词。 1. The story _ _ (发生) in a coffee shop. 2. Mandy came up with this idea _ _ (偶然). 3. Hangzhou _ _ _ (以 闻名) the West Lake. 4. Mr. Wang is _ _ (毫无疑问) the best teacher I have ever met.,by accident,took place,is famous as,without doubt,5. _ _ _ _ (突然), I heard a child crying in the park. 6. Emma is a popular girl. A lot of young people _ _ _ (仰慕) her. 7. This morning the teacher _ _ _ _ _ _ (把学生们分成小组) to discuss the problem.,
